2020届人教版高考英语必修1知识串讲：unit5

2020届人教版高考英语必修1知识串讲：unit5

‎-人教版必修一-unit 5‎ ‎【基础词汇】‎ ‎1.republic n. 共和国;共和政体 ‎2.principle n. 法则;原则;原理 ‎3.mankind n. 人类 ‎4.guidance n. 指导;领导 ‎5.legal adj. 法律的;依照法律的 ‎6.fee n. 费(会费、学费等);酬金 ‎7.youth n. 青年;青年时期 ‎8.league n. 同盟;联盟;联合会 ‎9.stage n. 舞台;阶段;时期 ‎10.quote n. 引用语;语录 ‎11.release vt. 释放;发行 ‎12.blanket n. 毛毯;毯子 ‎13.terror n. 恐怖;可怕的人;恐怖时期;恐怖活动 ‎14.sentence vt. 判决;宣判 ‎15.anti-black adj. 反黑人的 ‎【高频词汇】‎ ‎1.　mean　 adj.吝啬的;自私的;卑鄙的 ‎ ‎2.　generous　 adj.慷慨的;大方的 ‎ ‎3.　found　 vt.建立;建设 ‎ ‎4.　peaceful　 adj.和平的;平静的;安宁的 ‎ ‎5.　lawyer　 n.律师 ‎ ‎6.　hopeful　 adj.怀有希望的;有希望的 ‎ ‎7.　vote　 vt.&vi.投票;选举　n.投票;选票;表决 ‎ ‎8.　attack　 vt.进攻;攻击;抨击 ‎ ‎9.　willing　 adj.乐意的;自愿的 ‎ ‎10.　escape　 vi.&vt.逃脱;逃走;避开 ‎ ‎11.　beg　 vi.请求;乞求 ‎ ‎12.　relative　 n.亲戚;亲属 ‎ ‎13.　president　 n.总统;会长;校长;行长 ‎ ‎14.　opinion　 n.意见;看法;主张 ‎ ‎15.　warm-hearted　 adj.热心肠的  ‎ ‎【核心词汇】‎ ‎1.　quality　 n.质量;品质;性质→　quantity　 n.数量(形近词) ‎ ‎2.　active　 adj.积极的;活跃的→　act　 v.行动→　action　 n.行为;行动 ‎ ‎3.　selfish　adj.自私的→selfless adj.无私的;忘我的→‎ selflessly adv.无私地;忘我地 ‎ ‎4.　devote　 vt.(与to连用)献身;专心于→　devoted　 adj.忠实的;深爱的 ‎ ‎5.　violence　 n.暴力;暴行→　violent　 adj.暴力的 ‎ ‎6.　equal　adj. 相等的;平等的→　equally　 adv.相等地;平等地 ‎ ‎7.　fair　 adj.公正的;公平的→　unfair　 adj.不公正的;不公平的 ‎ ‎8.educate vt.教育;训练→educated adj.受过教育的;有教养的→education　n.教育 ‎ ‎9.　cruelty　 n.残忍;残酷→　cruel　 adj.残忍的 ‎ ‎10.　reward　 n.报酬;奖金→　reward　 vt.酬劳;奖赏 ‎ ‎【词汇联想】‎ ‎1.后缀“-ent”形容词与“-ence”名词大集合 violent暴力的　　violence暴力 silent沉默的 silence 沉默 different不同的 difference差异 patient有耐心的 patience 耐心 confident自信的 confidence 信心 evident明显的 evidence 证据 intelligent聪明的 intelligence 智力 independent独立的 independence 独立 ‎2.加后缀“-ty”构成的名词 cruel 残忍的 cruelty 残忍 difficult 难的 difficulty 困难 ‎3.find与found的过去式与过去分词 find→found→found发现 found→founded→founded建立 ‎4.mean用法小结 be mean to sb.对某人吝啬 mean to do sth.打算干某事 mean doing sth.意味着做某事 means方法 meaning意思 ‎5.quality联想篇 quantity n.数量 qualify vt.使合格 qualification n.资格 be of high/good quality 好品质 quantities of/a large quantity of 大量的 ‎6.attack用法小结 make an attack on 攻击;袭击;抨击 under attack 遭到攻击;遭到袭击 a heart attack 心脏病爆发 ‎7.表示“人物特点”的形容词全扫描 generous 慷慨的 active积极的;活跃的 warm-hearted热心肠的 creative富有创造力的 devoted有献身精神的　‎ energetic有活力的 intelligent聪明的　‎ ambitious有雄心壮志的 confident有信心的　‎ enthusiastic充满热情的 ‎【短语】‎ ‎1.put sb.in prison 　把某人关进监狱　 ‎ ‎2.blow up 　使充气;爆炸　 ‎ ‎3.come to power 　当权;上台　 ‎ ‎4.be sentenced to 　被判处……(徒刑)　 ‎ ‎1.求助于;致力于 　turn to　 ‎ ‎2.失业 　out of work　 ‎ ‎3.在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中 　in trouble　 ‎ ‎4.丧失勇气或信心 　lose heart　 ‎ ‎5.设立;建立 　set up　 ‎ ‎6.事实上 　as a matter of fact　 ‎ ‎【短语联想】‎ ‎1.“as”开头短语一览 as a matter of fact 事实上 as a result 结果 as follows 如下 as mentioned above如上所述 ‎2.heart 相关短语一览 learn sth.by heart 背诵;记牢 lose heart丧失勇气或信心 lose one’s heart to 爱上;喜欢上 break one’s heart 使某人伤心 put one’s heart into 专心于 ‎【句式】‎ We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful;when this was not allowed...　only　 then 　did　 we decide to answer violence with violence. ‎ 首先我们用和平的方式来破坏法律;而当这种方式也得不到允许时,……只有到这个时候,我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。‎ 考点提炼“only+状语(从句)”放于句首,主句用部分倒装的形式。‎ ‎【句子仿写】‎ ‎1.只有到那个时候他才意识到他错了。‎ Only then did he realize that he was wrong.‎ ‎2.只有到我又一次失败的时候我才意识到知识的价值。‎ Only when I had another failure did I realize that knowledge is valuable.‎ ‎【语篇填空】‎ Elias was a poor black worker in South Africa while Nelson Mandela was the black lawyer,who offered 1.　guidance　 (guide)to the poor black people on their legal problems.When Elias was in a very difficult period of his life,he 2.　went　 (go)to Nelson Mandela for advice.Elias had very little 3.　education　 (educate)because his family couldn’t afford the school fees and the bus fare.He had studied for only two years in school.Then he managed to get a job in a gold mine.But 4.　without　 a passbook to live in Johannesburg he was afraid to be out of work.Nelson Mandela offered him help and that was one of Elias’ 5.　happiest　(happy)days.When Mandela organized the ANC Youth League,Elias joined 6.　it　 as soon as possible.‎ At that time,black people almost 7.　lost　 (lose)all their rights.They chose to attack the laws 8.　peacefully　 (peace).If this was not allowed,they decided to answer violence with violence.In fact,Elias didn’t like violence,9.　but　 in 1963,in ‎ order to achieve their dream of 10.　making　 (make)black and white people equal,he helped to blow up some government buildings. ‎