重庆育才中学高2021届高三一诊英语试题 Word版含解析

重庆育才中学高2021届高三一诊英语试题 Word版含解析

育才中学高 2021 级高三上学期英语高考模拟试题（一） （满分 150 分，考试时间 120 分钟） 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号 涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时， 将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷 上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共 5 小题；每题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时 间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Customs in China. B. Driving in Rome. C. Traffic rules in England. 2. How does the man feel about his job? A. Boring. B. Relaxing. C. Enjoyable. 3. Which club will the man probably join? A. The Tennis Club. B. The Drama Club. C. The Swimming Club. 4. What should the boy do in the woman’s opinion? A. Revise for the exams right away. B. Rewrite his English paper. C. Wait for the exam result. 5. What is the man’s hobby? A. Playing football. B. Listening to music. C. Reading. 第二节 （共 15 小题；每题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你 将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时 间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答第 6 和第 7 两个小题。 6. Where is the man going? A. A hotel. B. A store. C. A museum. 7. How far is the man’s destination? A. About five minutes’ walk. B. About ten minutes’ walk. C. About fifteen minutes’ walk. 听下面一段对话，回答第 8 和第 9 两个小题。 8. What did the woman lose? A. A lot of money and a cellphone. B. Her passport and some bank cards. C. A cellphone and her identity card. 9. What will the woman probably do? A. Call the police at once. B. Go to the police station. C. Ask for the man’s help. 听下面一段对话，回答第 10 至第 12 三个小题。 10. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and parent. B. Doctor and patient. C. Mother and son. 11. Why was Billy probably absent from the eye check? A. He went to buy glasses. B. He did homework at home. C. He was afraid of the eye check. 12. Which grade is Billy in now? A. The fourth grade. B. The fifth grade. C. The sixth grade. 听下面一段对话，回答第 13 至第 16 四个小题。 13. Who is probably Harold? A. The woman’s friend. B. The woman’s husband. C. The woman’s neighbor. 14. What does the woman want the man to do? A. Send her mother-in-law to hospital. B. Look after her daughter. C. Find her a babysitter. 15. How long will the woman be away? A. About 3 days. B. About 3 weeks. C. About 3 months. 16. What do we know about the man? A. He’ll put up a notice. B. He’ll stay with Suzy. C. He’ll call Sara later. 听下面一段独白，回答第 17 至第 20 四个小题。 17. How long does eye contact last in normal American conversation? A. About one minute. B. About two seconds. C. About one second. 18. According to the talk, what should Americans show to a passer-by? A. Interest and curiosity. B. Notice of his presence. C. Attention and kindness. 19. Why does an Englishman blink his eyes while listening to others? A. To show his agreement. B. To show his interest. C. To show his tiredness. 20. What does an American expect the listener to do? A. Blink the eyes. B. Look at him attentively. C. Nod or murmur something. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A On a rainy afternoon, maybe one of the following books will keep you company leisurely, allowing you to spend your time alone as well as stepping into a different world. Don’t Shed Your Tears for Anyone Who Lives on These Streets, by Patricio Pron In April 1945, Italy, a writer disappeared at a conference and was found dead at another place. Thirty years later, a young man interviewed survivors from the conference, trying to uncover the truth about what happened and its consequences. This novel, by a well-known Argentine writer, explores art, crime and politics. When Breath Becomes Air, by Paul Kalanithi At thirty-six, Paul Kalanithi was diagnosed (诊断) with stage IV lung cancer. One day he was a doctor treating the dying, and the next he was a patient. This autobiography finds hope and beauty in the face of death as Kalanithi attempts to answer the question “What makes a life worth living?”. To Kill a Mockingbird, by Harper Lee Set in a small Alabama town in the 1930s, the story focuses on honest, highly respected lawyer Atticus Finch who puts his career on the line when he agrees to represent Tom Robinson, a black man accused of committing a crime. Nobody Will Tell You This But Me: A true (as told to me) story by Bess Kalb Bess Kalb saved every voicemail from her grandmother Bobby Bell who died at ninety. In this book, Bobby is speaking to Bess once more, in a voice as loving as it ever was in life and brings us several generations of brave women. They include Bobby’s mother, who traveled alone from Belarus to America to survive, and Bess’s mother, who always fought against convention. 1. What type of book is the first novel? A. Sci-fi. B. Biography. C. Detective books. D. History books. 2. Which book explores life and death? A. To Kill a Mockingbird B. When Breath Becomes Air C. Don’t Shed Your Tears for Anyone Who Lives on These Streets D. Nobody Will Tell You This But Me: A true (as told to me) story 3. Who is the main character in the last novel? A. Bobby Bell. B. Bess Kalb. C. Bess’s mother. D. Bobby’s mother. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 【解析】 本文是一篇应用文。作者主要介绍了四本可以在休闲时间阅读的英文书。 【1 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一本书简介“In April 1945, Italy, a writer disappeared at a conference and was found dead at another place. Thirty years later, a young man interviewed survivors from the conference, trying to uncover the truth about what happened and its consequences. This novel, by a well-known Argentine writer, explores art, crime and politics.( 1945 年 4 月，意大利一名作家 在一次会议上失踪，被发现死在另一个地方。三十年后，一个年轻人采访了会议上的幸存者， 试图揭开发生了什么的真相及其后果。这本由阿根廷著名作家写的小说探讨了艺术、犯罪和 政治)”可知，这本书讲述了一桩陈年命案的调查故事，是侦探小说。故选 C。 【2 题详解】 推理判断题。根据 When Breath Becomes Air, by Paul Kalanithi 部分中“This autobiography finds hope and beauty in the face of death as Kalanithi attempts to answer the question “What makes a life worth living?”.(这本自传在面对死亡时发现了希望和美丽，卡拉尼蒂试图回答这 个问题:“什么让生命值得活下去?”)”可知，When Breath Becomes Air 是一本探讨生命和死 亡话题的自传小说。故选 B。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Bess Kalb saved every voicemail from her grandmother Bobby Bell who died at ninety. In this book, Bobby is speaking to Bess once more, in a voice as loving as it ever was in life and brings us several generations of brave women.( Bess Kalb 保存了她九十岁 去世的祖母 Bobby Bell 的每一条语音留言。在这本书中，Bobby 再次对 Bess 说话，用一种 一如既往充满爱的声音，向我们呈现了几代勇敢女性的形象)”可知，最后一本小说的主角 是 Bobby Bell。故选 A。 B I moved to the United States as a teenager. The adjustment to a new place was difficult. But there was major stress in my life at that time: I was the only member of my family who spoke English, meaning I had to step up when we dealt with a shop assistant, a waiter and so on. However, there was another universal language I loved to learn as a child: art. Although I connected myself with drawing and painting while in school, I mostly dismissed art as a path to a career. Since my dad always said "Think about the future", I did not think he would support the study of art once I went to college. But, to my surprise, it was my parents who suggested just that and urged me to apply to technical and liberal arts schools. I was admitted into industrial design. It's basically to design products and services. I could be doing something more technical or something more related to problem-solving. It was no easy task to do the course including metalworking, woodworking and model making. In one class I just drew cubes for an entire month, which led me to a question："Wow! Do I really want to do this? "But I finally survived the course. Now I am a design strategist for Marshall Moya Design, a famous architecture and interior design company. I have experience in exhibit design, product design and website design, apart from which I enjoy developing public art in my free time. Throughout my career，I've picked up different things along the way. The best way to learn in my opinion is through working, therefore, get as many projects as you can. Industrial design kind of makes you an all-round person. 4. What was the author's biggest problem when first moving to America? A. The adaption to a new environment. B. Difficulty in learning a new language. C. Fathers disapproval of her studying art. D. The burden of being a communicator. 5. What made the author choose to study art? A. Her deep love for art. B. The suggestion of her family. C. Her potential in design. D. The need of a good job. 6. Why was the author's experience of drawing cubes mentioned? A. To emphasize her effort at study. B. To express the regret at her choice. C. To prove the course was difficult. D. To show the basic content of the course. 7. How did the author feel when she mentioned her career? A. Surprised. B. Stressed. C. Eager. D. Proud. 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. C 7. D 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在家人的建议下选择设计作为自己的专业，在工作中 克服很多困难，成为了著名设计师的故事。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的 But there was major stress in my life at that time: I was the only member of my family who spoke English, meaning I had to step up when we dealt with a shop assistant, a waiter and so on.(但那时我的生活中有一个主要的压力：我是家里唯一说英语的 人，这就意味着当与店员、服务员等沟通时，我都必须出马)可知，作者刚到美国时最大的 问题是作为家里沟通者的压力，因为家里只有作者会说英语。D. The burden of being a communicator.(担任交流者的重担)符合以上说法，故选 D 项。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的 But, to my surprise, it was my parents who suggested just that and urged me to apply to technical and liberal arts schools.(但，让我吃惊的是，正是我的父母建议 并催促我申请技术文学艺术学校)可知，作者是在父母的建议下选择了学习艺术。B. The suggestion of her family.(家人的建议)符合以上说法，故选 B 项。 【6 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的 It was no easy task to do the course including metalworking, woodworking and model making. In one class I just drew cubes for an entire month,(这门课程不 容易，包括金属加工、木工和模型制作。在一节课上，我整整画了一个月的立方体)可推测， 写作者整整画了一个月立方体，是为了证明这门课程困难。C. To prove the course was difficult.(为了证明这门课程困难)符合以上推测，故选 C 项。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的 Now I am a design strategist for Marshall Moya Design, a famous architecture and interior design company. I have experience in exhibit design, product design and website design (现在，我是著名的建筑和室内设计公司 Marshall Moya Design 的设 计战略家。我有展览设计、产品设计和网站设计的经验)可推测，作者现在谈到自己的工作 时很自豪，因为她是著名公司的设计战略家，且经验丰富。D. Proud.(骄傲的)符合以上说法， 故选 D 项。 C Apple revealed new ways to discover and organize apps, confirmed a significant change and announced a new feature that will let users unlock their cars with their smartphones. The updates, announced at Apple (AAPL)’s annual Worldwide Developers Conference on Monday, highlight the company’s continued effort to involve itself into seemingly every corner of our lives, from our cars and living rooms to our personal health, while also facing the potential for app tiredness more than a decade after the App Store launched. The company kicked off the event by focusing on iOS 14, the upcoming operating system for the iPhone. As part of its presentation, Apple unveiled a new feature called App Library, which automatically organizes the apps on your homescreen so you don’t have to scroll (滚屏) through several pages. Apple also developed a more perfect way to discover and access new apps. The feature, called App Clips, offers a small part of an app for use at the moment it’s needed, whether it’s for ordering a scooter on demand or food from a restaurant. These apps are small in size and connect with Apple Pay. Users can then decide to download the full version of the app from the App Store. At the same time, Apple attempted to demonstrate the still undeveloped potential of the iPhone, which remains its chief moneymaker. Having already turned the iPhone into a digital credit card, Apple now has plans to make it a digital car key. A new feature, called Carkey, will initially be available with the new 2021 BMW 5 series. 8. How many new features are mentioned in the text? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 9. Which word can replace the underlined “unveiled” in Paragraph 3? A. Produced. B. Developed. C. Issued. D. Downloaded. 10. Which can you probably choose if the phone is out of memory? A. App Library. B. App Clips. C. Carkey. D. Apple Watch. 11. What can we know according to the text? A. Users can start their cars with Carkey. B. Apples has already used iOS 14 for the iPhone. C. Users still need to scroll the screen with an App Library. D. Apple makes profit mainly from its undeveloped potential of the iPhone. 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【分析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了苹果公司在年度全球开发者大会上发布了几款新的应用 程序，并对这几款应用程序进行了简单的介绍。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“Apple unveiled a new feature called App Library”（苹果 推出了一项名为 App Library 的新功能），第四段第二句中的“The feature, called App Clips”（这 一功能被称为 App Clips）和最后一段最后一句中的“A new feature, called Carkey”（一个新功 能被称为 Carkey）可知，文中共提及了三款新的应用。故选 B。 【9 题详解】 词 义 猜 测 题 。 根 据 第 一 段 中 的 “Apple revealed new ways to discover and organize apps, confirmed a significant change and announced a new feature”（苹果发明了新的发现和排列各种 app 的方法，证实了一项重大改革，并宣布了一个新的特征）。由此可，本文要讲到苹果的 新特征，因此本句中 announce 对应第 3 段划线的词，应该为“发布”。故选 C。 【10 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“The feature, called App Clips, offers a small part of an app for use at the moment it’s needed”（App Clips 占用的内存很小，但它却有很大的用处。）可知， 由此可推知，如果你的手机内存不足，你可以下载 App Clips 这款应用程序。故选 B。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“At the same time, Apple attempted to demonstrate the still undeveloped potential of the iPhone, which remains its chief moneymaker.”（同时苹果公司试图 展示 iPhone 尚未开发的潜在功能。）可知，苹果公司的收益主要来源于 iPhone 尚未开发的 潜在功能。故选 D。 【点睛】 D Cigarettes aren’t just harmful when they’re being smoked. Even when cigarette ends go out and are cold, new research has found they continue to give off harmful chemicals in the air. In the first 24 hours alone, scientists say a used cigarette end will produce 14 percent of the nicotine (尼 古丁) that an actively burning cigarette would produce. While most of these chemicals are released within a day of being put out, an analysis for the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) found the level of nicotine fell by just 50% five days later. “I was absolutely surprised,” since environmental engineer Dustin Poppendieck from the United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). “The numbers are significant and could have important impacts when cigarette ends are dealt with indoors or in cars. While much attention has been paid to the health influence of first-hand, second-hand and now third-hand smoking, it is not the case when it comes to the actual cigarette end of the matter.” To measure emissions (排放) from this forgotten thing, Poppendieck and his team placed 2,100 cigarettes that were recently put out inside a special room. Once the ends were sealed away, the team measured eight chemicals commonly produced by cigarettes, four of which the FDA have their eye on for being harmful or potentially so. After setting the room’s temperature, the researchers tested how emissions changed under certain conditions. When the air temperature of the room was higher, for instance, they noticed the ends produced these chemicals at higher rates. This finding might discourage those who want to leave ashtrays (烟灰缸) out for days at a time, especially in the heat. 12. What do the researchers say about cigarette ends? A. They contain little nicotine. B. They produce no nicotine five days later. C. They give off nicotine for days. D. They create as much nicotine as burning cigarettes. 13. What do Poppendieck’s words suggest? A. First-hand smoking does most harm. B. The findings are within his expectation. C. Cigarettes should be dealt with indoors. D. Health influence of cigarette ends is ignored. 14. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to not cleaning ashtrays for days? A. Unclear. B. Disapproving. C. Unconcerned. D. Puzzled. 15. What can be the best title for the text? A. Used Cigarette Ends Release Harmful Chemicals B. Cigarettes Are More Harmful While Being Smoked C. Research Found Reasons For Cigarette Ends’ Harm D. Cigarette Ends Produce More Chemicals in the Heat 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，香烟不仅在燃烧时有害，甚至在彻底熄灭后烟蒂依然会释放 有害化学物质。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“While most of these chemicals are released within a day of being put out, an analysis for the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) found the level of nicotine fell by just 50% five days later.( 美国食品和药物管理局的一项分析发现，虽然这些化 学物质大部分在排放后的一天内被释放出来，但五天后尼古丁的含量只下降了 50%。)”可 知，烟熄灭后，尼古丁的浓度在五天以后仅下降一半，也就是说熄灭的烟蒂好几天内都会释 放尼古丁。故选 C。 【13 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中 Poppendieck 所说的“While much attention has been paid to the health influence of first-hand, second-hand and now third-hand smoking, it is not the case when it comes to the actual cigarette end of the matter. (虽然人们已经很关注吸一手烟、二手烟 以及现在的三手烟对健康的影响，但当涉及到真正的香烟时，情况却并非如此。)”可推断， 人们不像关注一手烟、二手烟和三手烟对健康的影响那样关注烟蒂对健康的影响，即它对健 康的影响被忽视了。故选 D。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“When the air temperature of the room was higher, for instance, they noticed the ends produced these chemicals at higher rates. (例如，当房间的空气温 度较高时，他们注意到这些烟蒂会以更快的速度产生这些化学物质。)”可知，温度高时， 烟蒂释放有害的化学物质的速度更快。再根据“This finding might discourage those who want to leave ashtrays (烟灰缸) out for days at a time, especially in the heat. (这一发现可能会让那些 想把烟灰缸放在外面好几天的人打消念头，尤其是在炎热的天气里。)”可知，作者并不认 同好几天不清理烟灰缸的做法。故选 B。 【15 题详解】 主旨大意题。这是一篇说明文，根据全文，特别是文章第一段“Even when cigarette ends go out and are cold, new research has found they continue to give off harmful chemicals in the air. ”概括了主题，即研究发现吸完的烟蒂会释放有害化学物质。所以 “Used Cigarette Ends Release Harmful Chemicals(吸完的烟头会释放有害的化学物质)”作为 文章标题最为合适。故选 A。 第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有 两项为多余选项。 Is Your Focus Completely Wrong? Imagine that you’re rock climbing and you really want to reach the top. And you know you can get to the top. However, you’re having a hard time getting there because all you can do is look at the ground below you. _____16_____ You are so focused that, in fact, you don’t have time to look up and move upward. ___17___ However, recently I have been reflecting on how in so many areas of my life, I easily think about the vision and rarely think about what failure looks like. I move toward that vision with ease. But sometimes I’m so obsessed with looking down that I just try not to get worse, rather than really finding strategies to improve. _____18_____ So in the coming year I’m going to quit looking down, stop fearing sliding back and focus completely on moving forward. Maybe you’re so focused on not going broke that you’re not putting energy into creating wealth. Maybe you so badly don’t want to be alone that you’re not creating a life of love you deserve. Maybe you can’t stand the thought of being unemployed, so you never take the risk to fully love your work. ___19___ Take a moment to think about where you’re stuck in the middle because you don’t want to “go down”. Take those times and reframe the way you think of those things in your life. ______20______ A. I get stuck there. B. I don’t rock climb. C. Live for love, abundance, joy and wellness. D. I don’t have the time or energy to get better. E. You don’t want your feet to slip off the rocks. F. These can look like a lot of various things for all of us. G. All of your energy is focused on everything beneath you. 【答案】16. G 17. B 18. A 19. F 20. C 【解析】 本文是一篇议论文。文章以攀岩为例，来告诉我们生活的意义——生活是为了爱、充实、快 乐和健康。 【16 题详解】 根据上文“Imagine that you’re rock climbing and you really want to reach the top. And you know you can get to the top. However, you’re having a hard time getting there because all you can do is look at the ground below you.(想象一下，你正在攀岩，你真的很想到达顶峰。你知道你 可以爬到山顶。然而，你很难到达那里，因为你所能做的就是看着脚下的地面)”以及后文 “You are so focused that, in fact, you don’t have time to look up and move upward.(你是如此的 专注，以至于事实上，你没有时间去仰望和向上移动)”可知，上文提到攀岩时所能做的就 是看着脚下的地面，即精力都集中在下面的一切。上文中 below you 对应 G 选项中 beneath you。故 G 选项“你所有的精力都集中在你下面的一切”符合语境，故选 G。 【17 题详解】 根据后文“However, recently I have been reflecting on how in so many areas of my life, I easily think about the vision and rarely think about what failure looks like. I move toward that vision with ease. But sometimes I’m so obsessed with looking down that I just try not to get worse, rather than really finding strategies to improve.(然而，最近我一直在反思，在我生活的许多领域，我 很容易想到愿景，而很少想到失败是什么样子的。我轻松地朝着那个愿景前进。但有时我太 痴迷于向下看了，我只是试着不让情况变得更糟，而不是真正找到改进的策略)” 结合上文 描述的攀岩的情景可知，本句承上启下，说明作者自身关于攀岩的情况。故 B 选项“我不 攀岩”符合语境，故选 B。 【18 题详解】 根据上文“However, recently I have been reflecting on how in so many areas of my life, I easily think about the vision and rarely think about what failure looks like. I move toward that vision with ease. But sometimes I’m so obsessed with looking down that I just try not to get worse, rather than really finding strategies to improve.(然而，最近我一直在反思，在我生活的许多领域，我 很容易想到愿景，而很少想到失败是什么样子的。我轻松地朝着那个愿景前进。但有时我太 痴迷于向下看了，我只是试着不让情况变得更糟，而不是真正找到改进的策略)”以及后文 “So in the coming year I’m going to quit looking down, stop fearing sliding back and focus completely on moving forward.(所以在接下来的一年里，我要停止往下看，停止害怕后退，全 身心地投入到前进中去)”可知，上文提到因为专注于向下看，而不去找改进的策略，无法 前进，所以作者实际上是被困在了那里。故 A 选项“我被困在那里了”符合语境，故选 A。 【19 题详解】 根据上一段“Maybe you’re so focused on not going broke that you’re not putting energy into creating wealth. Maybe you so badly don’t want to be alone that you’re not creating a life of love you deserve. Maybe you can’t stand the thought of being unemployed, so you never take the risk to fully love your work.(也许你太专注于不破产，而没有把精力投入到创造财富上。也许你太 过不想一个人，所以你没有创造你应得的爱的生活。也许你无法忍受失业的想法，所以你从 不冒险去完全热爱你的工作)”可知，上一段列举了害怕破产、只身一人、失业等情况，可 知是列举了许多不同的事情。故 F 选项“对我们所有人来说，这可能是很多不同的事情” 符合语境，故选 F。 【20 题详解】 根据上文“Take a moment to think about where you’re stuck in the middle because you don’t want to “go down”. Take those times and reframe the way you think of those things in your life.(花点时间想想，因为你不想“往下走”，所以你夹在了中间。利用这些时间，在你的生 活中重新定义你思考这些事情的方式)”可知，上文提到重新定义思考生活事情的方式，故 本句承接上文进一步提出：为爱、充实、快乐和健康而活，概括文章主旨。故 C 选项“为 爱、充实、快乐和健康而活”符合语境，故选 C。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的 最佳选项。 Lydia Denton felt very sad when she learned about the incident, in which many children in the U.S. died because someone left them in hot cars. But no one has come up with a good way to deal with the ___21___. The little girl, who would enter the seventh grade, decided to find out ___22___. Two years later，the 12-year-old girl from North Carolina won a $20,000 prize for her ___23___. The Beat The Heat Car Seat, a car seat device measuring the ___24___ of a car. The device is able to ___25___ the parents of the danger when the inside temperature of the car ___26___ reaches 102 degrees Fahrenheit (38.9 degrees centigrade). Lydia used part of her $20,000 to continue to ___27___ her device with the hope of getting it to market as soon as possible ___28___ it can be something that will save lives and something that most people can ___29___ to get it. With her 14-year-old brother and 10-year-old sister, Lydia also ___30___ some of her prize money. They also helped bring the ___31___ in the car seat device. Her brother was really great at coding and her little sister would ___32___ them with some sweets or cakes. Lydia’s mom, a science teacher, said it was ___33___ to watch her three kids cooperate to think out a way to the problem that has ___34___ for years. They have proven that time and time again nothing is ___35___. She is really proud of them. 21. A. complain B. problem C. risk D. experience 22. A. mistake B. response C. solution D. direction 23. A. education B. suggestion C. instruction D. invention 24. A. temperature B. condition C. beauty D. quality 25. A. convince B. persuade C. warn D. inform 26. A. frequently B. slowly C. always D. almost 27. A. change B. develop C. describe D. remember 28. A. so that B. even if C. as if D. now that 29. A. happen B. choose C. serve D. afford 30. A. shared B. exchanged C. supplied D. collected 31. A. variety B. production C. improvement D. advantage 32. A. cheat B. assist C. treat D. charge 33. A. relaxing B. interesting C. inspiring D. surprising 34. A. gone B. existed C. repeated D. changed 35. A. impossible B. difficult C. perfect D. necessary 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. A 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文。获悉许多美国儿童被留在闷热的汽车里，因高温而致死时，Lydia 感到 非常难过，这位即将上七年级的小女孩决定找到解决办法。经过两年的努力，她凭借自身发 明的一种能测量汽车内温度的装置获得了两万美元的金奖。 【21 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是没人想出好办法来解决这个问题。A. complain 抱怨；B. problem 问题；C. risk 冒险，风险；D. experience 经验。由“children in the U.S. died because someone left them in hot cars”可知，当 Lydia Denton 得知许多美国儿童因被遗忘在闷热的汽 车里窒息死亡的事件时，她感到非常难过，但是还没有人想出好的方法来解决这一问题，故 选 B 项。 【22 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个即将上七年级的小女孩决定寻找解决办法。A. mistake 错误； B. response 回应；C. solution 解决办法；D. direction 方向。由上文“But no one has come up with a good way to deal with the 21 .”可知，没人想出好的办法解决这个问题，所以 Lydia 决 定自己找解决办法，故选 C 项。 【23 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：两年后这个来自卡罗莱纳州的 12 岁小女孩因她的发明赢得 2 万 美元。A. education 教育；B. suggestion 建议；C. instruction 命令，说明；D. invention 发明。 由下文中的“a car seat device measuring the 24 of a car”可知，两年后，Lydia Denton 因发明了汽车座椅装置而获得了两万美元的奖金，故选 D 项。 【24 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个汽车座椅装置可以测量车内的温度。A. temperature 温度；B. condition 条件；C. beauty 美丽；D. quality 质量。由下文中的“102 degrees Fahrenheit (38. 9 degrees centigrade)”可知，此装置能测量车内的温度。故选 A 项。 【25 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个装置能够在车内温度接近华氏 102 度(即 38.9 摄氏度)时， 警告父母有危险。A. convince 说服；B. persuade 劝；C. warn 警告；D. inform 通知。由下文 中的“when the inside temperature of the car 26 reaches 102 degrees Fahrenheit (38.9 degrees centigrade)”可知，设计这个装置的目的是为了检测温度，所以当车内温度接近 38.9 摄氏度时，这个装置就会警告父母有危险，故选 C 项。 【26 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当车内的温度接近华氏 102 度(即 38.9 摄氏度)时，装置就会警 告父母有危险。A. frequently 频繁地；B. slowly 缓慢地；C. always 总是；D. almost 几乎。由 语境可知，这个装置是达到某个温度值才会报警，故选 D 项。 【27 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lydia 用她的部分奖金继续研发她的产品，希望能尽快投入市场。 A. change 改变；B. develop 发展，研发；C. describe 描述；D. remember 记得。由下文中“it can be something that will save lives and something that most people can ___27______9______28___ to get it.”可知，Lydia 想使汽车装置成为挽救生命的，能买得起 的发明，所以需要继续研发，故选 B 项。 【30 题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：Lydia 用她的部分奖金继续研发她的产品，希望能尽快投人市场， 这样它就可以挽救一些儿童的生命。A. so that 目的是；B. even if 即使；C. as if 好像；D. now that 既然。由后句“it can be something that will save lives”可知，挽救生命是继续研发，投 入市场的目的，故选 A 项。 【31 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这样它就可以挽救一些生命，成为大多数人都可以负担得起的产 品。A. happen 发生；B. choose 选择；C. serve 服务；D. afford 买得起。由“most people can” 可知，Lydia 继续研发，是为了帮助更多的人，挽救更多的生命，使大多数人都可以买得起， 故选 D 项。 【32 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lydia 和她十四岁的哥哥以及十岁的妹妹共同分享了这笔奖金。 A. shared 分享；B. exchanged 交换；C. supplied 提供；D. collected 收集。由上文中的“With her 14-year-old brother and 10-year-old sister”及短语“share...with”（与...分享）可知， Lydia 和她十四岁的哥哥以及十岁的妹妹共同分享了这笔奖金。故选 A 项。 【33 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们也在帮助她改进这个汽车座椅装置。A. variety 多样；B. production 产品；C. improvement 改进；D. advantage 优点。由下文“Her brother was really great at coding and her little sister would 52 them with some sweets or cakes.”可知，这些是哥哥和 妹妹在不同方面帮她改进汽车装置的具体做法，故选 C 项。 【34 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的妹妹会帮忙端上一些糖果或蛋糕。A. cheat 欺骗；B. assist 援助；C. treat 对待；D. charge 收费。由上文中的“They also helped”和下文中的“with some sweets or cakes”可知，此空应与 help 并列，故选 B 项。 【35 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Lydia 的妈妈说，看着她的三个孩子合作并想出解决问题的方 法是很令人鼓舞的。A. relaxing 令人放松的；B. interesting 有趣的；C. inspiring 令人鼓舞的； D. surprising 令人惊讶的。由“think out a way to the problem …for years.”可知，这个问题已 经存在多年，未被解决。现在被 3 个孩子解决了，所以很鼓舞人心，故选 C 项。 【36 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是存在了很多年的难题。A. gone 去；B. existed 存在；C. repeated 重复；D. changed 改变。由上文中的“the problem…for years”及语境可知，这是存在了很 多年的难题，因填入延续性动词，故选 B 项。 【37 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她们再一次证明了没有什么是不可能的。A. impossible 不可能 的；B. difficult 困难的；C. perfect 完美的；D. necessary 必要的。由“the problem…for years” 及“think out a way to the problem”可知，虽然问题存在多年，但终被解决，所以说没什么 事是不能被解决的，一切皆有可能，故选 A 项。 第二节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Selah Schneiter, ten, has become one of the youngest people ___36___(climb) El Captain, in Yosemite National Park, in California. Selah climbed to ___37___ 3,000-foot peak with her father, Mike, and family friend Mark. Getting to the top of El Capitan is no easy task. It is ___38___(tall), as is reported, than the tallest building in the world — Dubai’s Burj Khalifa. Though some have died ___39___ an attempt to conquer (征服) Dubai’s Burj Khalifa, many more ___40___(include) Selah’s parents have finished the journey. About 15 years ago, Selah’s father and mother ___41___(meet) on a climbing trip up the mountain. Selah thought reaching the top was a great challenge, but the hardest part was getting down. “You’re carrying everything, and you’re ___42___(deep) tired,” she said. Since the park does not keep those kinds of ___43___(record), it’s unclear if Selah is the youngest climber who makes the trip. Selah lives in a family ___44___ everyone loves to climb. They even have a climbing wall in the garage. “I’m so ____45____(pride) of her, just to see how big her heart was and how strong she was,” her dad told reporters. 【答案】36. to climb 37. the 38. taller 39. in 40. including 41. met 42. deeply 43. records 44. where 45. proud 【解析】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了 10 岁的 Selah Schneiter 已经成为在加利福尼亚州约 塞米蒂国家公园攀登 El Capitan 峰的最年轻的人之一。文章还介绍了登这座山的一些困难之 处，以及她和她的家人对此的看法。 【36 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：10 岁的 Selah Schneiter 已经成为在加利福尼亚州约塞米蒂国家公园 攀登 El Capitan 峰的最年轻的人之一。people 由最高级 the younges 修饰，其后要用不定式作 定语。故填 to climb。 【37 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：Selah 和她的父亲 Mike 以及家人的朋友 Mark 一起爬上了这座 3000 英尺 高的山峰。peak 此处特指上文的“El Capitan”，故用定冠词 the。故填 the。 【38 题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：据报道，它比世界上最高的建筑——迪拜的哈利法塔还要高。根 据本句中的“than the tallest building in the world”可知，这里应用形容词 tall 的比较级。故 填 taller。 【39 题详解】 考查介词。句意：虽然有些人在征服迪拜哈利法塔的尝试中死去，但包括 Selah 的父母在内 的更多的人已经完成了旅程。结合句意表示“做某事的尝试”短语为 in an attempt to do sth.。 故填 in。 【40 题详解】 考查介词。句意：虽然有些人在征服迪拜哈利法塔的尝试中死去，但包括 Selah 的父母在内 的更多的人已经完成了旅程。结合句意表示“包括……在内”应用介词 including。故填 including。 【41 题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：大约 15 年前，Selah 的父母在一次登山旅行中相遇。根据空前的“About 15 years ago”可知，空处动词表示的动作发生在过去，描述过去的事实，故用一般过去时。 故填 met。 【42 题详解】 考查副词。句意：“你拿着所有的东西，而且你非常累，”她说。修饰形容词 tired 应用副 词 deeply，表示“非常”；deep 作副词，意为“在深处”不符合语境。故填 deeply。 【43 题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：由于该公园没有保存这类记录，所以尚不清楚 Selah 是否是这次旅行 中最年轻的登山者。record 为可数名词，由 those kinds of 修饰，应用其复数。故填 records。 【44 题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：Selah 生活在一个人人都喜欢登山的家庭。此处为定语从句修饰先行 词 a family，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用 where 引导该从句。故填 where。 【45 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：她的父亲在接受记者采访时说：“看到她有那么宽广的心胸和那么坚强， 我为她感到骄傲。”结合句意表示“为……感到骄傲”可知短语为 be proud of。故填 proud。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节 （满分 15 分） 46. 假定你是李华，你的美国好友 Lucy 打算来中国学习中医（ traditional Chinese medicine）， 发邮件向你询问中医的有关情况。请你回复邮件，内容包括： 1. 表示欢迎； 2. 简要介绍中医； 3. 表达祝愿。 注意： 1. 词数 80 左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： Dear Lucy, I’m so glad to know you are considering coming to China to learn traditional Chinese medicine. Here I would like to express my warmest welcome! Having evolved thousands of years, traditional Chinese medicine is now a common and mature healing approach which enjoys high reputation in China. Its fewer side effects and painless treatment drive many people to turn to traditional Chinese medicine when they suffer from diseases. Now it is growing in popularity with foreigners. I’m convinced that your plan is worth trying and sincerely wish you success in your study. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给美国好友 Lucy 回复封邮件，向他介绍中医的有关情 况。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 1. 表示欢迎； 2. 简要介绍中医； 3. 表达祝愿。 第二步：列提纲 （重点词组） be glad to; traditional Chinese medicine; thousands of years; a common and mature healing approach; turn to; suffer from diseases; in popularity; 第三步：连词成句 1.I’m so glad to know you are considering coming to China to learn traditional Chinese medicine. 2.Having evolved thousands of years, traditional Chinese medicine is now a common and mature healing approach which enjoys high reputation in China. 3.Its fewer side effects and painless treatment drive many people to turn to traditional Chinese medicine when they suffer from diseases. 4.Now it is growing in popularity with foreigners. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）（供参考） 1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last 2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including, 3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although +clause(从句), In spite of +n/doing, On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that… 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 【点睛】[高分句型 1]I’m so glad to know you are considering coming to China to learn traditional Chinese medicine 省略 that 的宾语从句，表达高级。 [高分句型 2]Having evolved thousands of years, traditional Chinese medicine is now a common and mature healing approach which enjoys high reputation in China.句中，过去分词作状语，和 which 引导的定语从句，表达高级。 [高分句型 3]Its fewer side effects and painless treatment drive many people to turn to traditional Chinese medicine when they suffer from diseases.句中，when 引导时间状语从句，表达高级。 第二节 （满分 25 分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续 写的词数为 150 左右。 Many years ago, my father, who was 80 at that time, arrived for his regular two-week visit at my home in Karachi. He lived with my elder brother in Lahore most of the time and for ten years had stuck to his habit of going for an-hour-long morning walk to keep fit. In Lahore, he would walk around a park that is quite close to my brother’s house. Naturally, he was keen to continue his morning walk while with us in Karachi. Our preferred park is a 2 km walk from my house and it has a 1 km walking track. I could not drive him there every day as I have to leave for the office at the same time he wanted to set out. Since there are hardly any footpaths in Karachi, my father said he was delighted to walk on the road as he was certain there wouldn’t be much traffic in the morning. Though I kept him informed that our house was near the park and was made of red bricks in case he got lost, I was still less confident so I suggested it would be safer if he changed his walk time to the evening. That way I could take him to the park after work. However, my father — a determined person — said that he could not change his routine for just a few days and insisted that he would be leaving the house everyday at 7 am and returning by 8 am. He started doing this and stuck firmly to his schedule. So one day when he had not returned by 8:30 am, my wife, Qaisa, phoned me in a panic. Worried, I immediately drove home, taking the same route that my father would have taken for his walk. Not spotting him anywhere, I went to the police station to report my father’s disappearance. The station house officer advised me to wait until midnight before filling the report. Since it was only 10 am, I drove back to the park, in the hope of discovering some trace, but in vain. Totally at a loss for what to do next, I returned home and waited impatiently, walking back and forth in the house. 注意: 1.所续写的短文词数应为 150 词左右； 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已经为你写好 Paragraph 1: At 10:35 am the doorbell rang and my father stood outside the door smiling, accompanied by a young man. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________ Paragraph 2: After knowing what had happened, I showed my appreciation of the young man’s kindness. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: At 10:35 am the doorbell rang and my father stood outside the door smiling, accompanied by a young man. I hugged my father tightly and affectionately. Enormously relieved, the young man told me that my father had lost his way while returning home after the morning walk. The only description he could provide was that my house was near the park and that the house was made of red bricks. With much effort, and in almost two hours’ searching, the young man was able to locate my house. He expressed great relief at getting my father home. Paragraph 2: After knowing what had happened, I showed my appreciation of the young man’s kindness. I invited him inside to join us for a cup of tea. The man refused politely and said sincerely that he felt so delighted to have brought my father safely home to me that he did not require further thanks. Then he drove the car away without even sharing his name and I have not seen him again. This kind act has a lasting influence on me. I always give others a helping hand if possible, even so many years later. 【解析】 【分析】 本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了许多年前，作者 80 岁的父亲到作者家中小住，父亲每天早 晨都会去公园散步一小时。作者因为工作需要无法接送父亲去公园，原想让父亲改为每天傍 晚外出散步，但作者的父亲执意在早晨散步，并说他早上 7 点出门，8 点回家。然而有一天， 作者的父亲到 8 点 30 分还未返回，作者的妻子惊慌地给作者打电话说明情况，作者立即开 始寻找，但是无果，只得求助于警方。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“上午 10 点 35 分，门铃响了，父亲微笑着站在门外，身边跟着一个年 轻人。”可知，第一段可描写作者见到父亲归来后地欣喜之情，这位热心的陌生人告诉作者 是怎么样和父亲遇见并把他送回来的。 ②由第二段首句内容“在了解了发生的事情后，我对这位年轻人的好意表示了感谢。”可知， 第二段可描写作者进一步对那个年轻人表示感谢，年轻人对此的反应以及这件事对作者的影 响。 2.续写线索：作者紧紧拥抱父亲——年轻人如释重负——告诉作者他父亲迷路——作者邀请 年轻人喝茶——年轻人礼貌拒绝——父亲被安全带回家——年轻人感到高兴——并表示不 需要感谢——被年轻人行为影响——作者总是出手帮人 3.词汇激活： 行为类 紧紧拥抱：hug tightly/embrace tightly 告诉：tell sb. sth./inform sb. of sth. 迷路：lose one’s way/get lost 礼貌拒绝：refuse politely/turn down politely 安全回家：bring sb safely home/carry home safely 影响：affect/have an influence on/have an effect on 帮助：give sb. a hand/help out 情绪类 如释重负：Enormously relieved/feel a sense of relief 高兴的：delighted/glad/happy 感谢：thanks/gratitude 【点睛】[高分句型 1] Enormously relieved, the young man told me that my father had lost his way while returning home after the morning walk.(that 引导宾语从句) [高分句型 2] The only description he could provide was that my house was near the park and that the house was made of red bricks.(“he could provide”为省略了 that 的定语从句，“that my house was near the park” 和“that the house was made of red bricks.”为并列的表语从句)