中考英语代词专项复习 时

中考英语代词专项复习 时

专项三 代词 中考热点透视 代词是代替名词的词，按照其不同的含义与作用分类。代词种类多，用途广，试题中出现频率很高，中考中涉及各个题型，约占中考试题的10%左右，出现较多的是不定代.词的用法及代词作主语时和谓语动词一致的用法，人称代词主格与宾格用法区别，形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的用法区别。代词在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语或定语。‎ 课标考点详解 1， 人称代词 （1） 人称代词的分类 人称代词分为主格和宾格两种形式。‎ 人称 单数 复数 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me ‎ we us 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称 he him they them she her it it ‎(2)人称代词的用法：‎ ‎①主格人称代词在句中作主语。‎ She is as intelligent as he (is). 她像他一样聪明。‎ We all like English very much.我们都很喜欢英语。‎ I like music.我我喜欢音乐。 ‎ ‎②宾格人称代词在句中作动词的宾语或介词的宾语。‎ We often go to see her on Saturdays. 我们常在星期六去看她。‎ ‎③人称代词作表语时一般用宾格，但在比较正式的场合用主格。‎ ‎-Who is it?谁呀? ‎ ‎-It's me.‎:是我。(非正式)‎ ‎-!t is I.是我。(正式)‎ 友情提示 如果有几个不同的人称代词同时作主语，且用 and，or连接时，习惯顺序是单数:(2，3，1)第二人称、第三人称、第一人称。即: you， he(she) and I。复数:(1，2，3)第一人称、第二人称、第三人称。I即: we， you and they。‎ ‎-如果做错了事，需要承担责任时，通常把第一人称放在最前面。‎ ‎- Who broke the window?谁打破了窗子? 一I and Tom.我和汤姆。‎ 即景活用：①Miss Lin teaches _______English this term. ‎ ‎-You are lucky .______is a very good teacher. ‎ A.our She B.us; He C.us,She D. ours; He 答案:C点拨:本题考查人称代词主格与宾格的用法区别。第一个空在动词teaches后作宾语，故用宾格;第二个空在句中作主语，故用主格，且性别上应与Miss Lin相对应。‎ ‎②(2008.北京)I'm going skating. Would you like to go with _____?‎ A.meB.. I C. my D. mine 答案:A点拨:with是介词，介词后的代饲用宾格形式，作介词的宾语。 ‎ ‎2，物主代词 物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。‎ 类型 词义 我的 你的 他的/她的/它的 我们的 你们的 他们的 形容词性物主代词 my your His/her/its our your their 名词性物主代词 mine yours His/hers/its ours yours theirs （1） 形容词性的:物主代词具有形容词的的特征，在句中作定语，后面接名词。‎ Our school is not far from here. 我们的学校肉这儿不远。‎ My father and mother are teachers. They like their work. ‎ ‎（2)名词性物主代词具有名词的特征，在句中可以作主语，表语或宾语。 ‎ This is not my pen. Mine is red. ‎ 这不是我的钢笔。我的是红色的。‎ I have lost my dictionary. Please lend me yours. ‎ 我的词典丢了。请把你的借我用一下。‎ 友情提示 ‎"of+名词性物主代词"属双重所有格的一种形式，应特别注意它的用法。‎ a friend of mine我的一个朋友 ‎ a neighbour of theirs他们的一个邻居 ‎ a pen of hers她的一支钢笔 ‎ 即景活用 ‎①(2009河北中考 ) Is there any difference between your idea and___ ? ‎ A. he B. his C. she D. her ‎ 答案:B点拨:此题考查代词的用法. he， she为主格，her为宾格，his此处代指"他的观点"，为名词性物主代词，故选B。‎ ‎②(2009.杭州中考)-Do you know Alice?‎ 一Yes. I know____very well. ‎ A. she B. her C. hersel f D. hers ‎ 答案:B点拨:此题考查代词的用法，know后跟.宾格her，故选B ‎3.反身代词 ‎ 反身代词是表示动作回到执行者本身或是强调代词或名词的一种代词。列表如下:‎ 人称 数 单数 复数 第一人称 Myself Ourselves 第二人称 Yourself Yourselves 第三人称 Himself Herself itself themselves 友情提示 第一、二人称的反身代词由形容词性物主代词加-self构成或selves构成，第三人称的反身代词由人称代词宾格)加-self或-selves构成。 ‎ 反身代词的用法:‎ ‎（1)作及物动词或介词的宾语 ‎ Did they enjoy themselves last Sunday? 他们上个星期天玩得高兴吗？‎ We should take care of ourselves我们应该照顾自已 ‎ ‎(2)作主语或宾语的同位语 ‎ 在作同位语时反身代词多可译为"本人"(或"本身“但有时为了加强语气，常译为"自已"!或"亲自"。超强调作用时，反身代词可以放在被强调词之后，也可以放在句末。‎ Nobody taught him drawing. He learned it by himself. 没有人教他绘闹。他;142白'予的。‎ You'd better ask the teacher yourself (himself). 你最好亲自问老师。(你最好问老师本人.)‎ Our guide buys some food from the villagers and we cook it ourselves.我们的向导从村民那里买来一些食物，我们自已烹调。‎ 思维拓展 反身代词固定结构:‎ teach oneself 自学 say to oneself自言自说 ‎ learn. ... by oneself自学 enjoy oneself:过得愉快 help oneself to. ..随便吃些….吧 ‎ 即景活用 ‎(2009.长沙中考)-Help _____to some fish， my boy. ‎ ‎-Thanks. ‎ A. you B. yours C. yourself ‎ 答案:C点拨:此题考查help oneself to. ..请随便用，故选c.‎ ‎4.指示代词 ‎ 英语中常见的指示代词有this， that， these， those， such，same等。 ‎ ‎(1)this(复数形式是these)，是指时间或空间上离说话人较近的人或物。that(复数形式是those)，是指在时间或空间上离说前人较远的人或物。‎ This is Mr Smith and that is Mr Black. ‎ 这位是史密斯先住，那位是布莱克先生。‎ These are jeeps. Those are trucks. 这些是吉普车。那些是载重卡车。‎ ‎(2 that/those有时用来代替前面说过的名词，以避免重复。 ‎ The weather in Shanghai is not so cold as that (= the weather) in Beijing. 上海的天气没有北京那么冷。 ‎ City people stand closer than those who live in the country.城里人比那均住在乡村的人彼此站得更靠近 友情提示 ‎(1)在电话用语中，that相当于"你"，用于询问对方的身份; this相当于"我"，常用于自我介绍。‎ 一Is that Mary speaking?你是玛丽吗?‎ ‎-Yes. Who's that?是的。你是谁呀? ‎ ‎-This is Ann.我是:纭。 ‎ ‎(2)在疑问句中，如果句子的主语是this，that， these 或those 时，1"1答时用It代替this， that;)用 they代替 these， those。 ‎ 一Is that your chair?-Yes，it is. ‎ 一What are these?这些是什么?一They are oranges 思维拓展 ‎(1)指示代词such表示"如此的，如此的事物"，具有名词和形容词的性质，在句子中可用作主语，表语、宾语等。 ‎ Such is our study plan.这就是我们的学习计划。 I don't like such a book.我不喜欢这样的书。 ‎ 注意:such作定语时，它所修饰的名词之前如有不定冠词，则这个不定冠词应放在such之后。如: such a man， such a play. ‎ ‎(2)same(同样的)也是指示代词，使用时 same之前必须用定冠词the.它也具有名词和形容词的性质，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。‎ The same happened to me. 我也发生了同样的情况。‎ Thank you all the same.还是要谢谢你。 ‎ 即景活用 ‎①(2009.山西中考)-Look! What's_______ in the sky?‎ 一It looks like a kite.‎ A.this B. that C. those ‎ 答案:B点拨:由"in the sky"知物体距说话者较远排除A;what's说明后面的主语是单数，选B. ‎ ‎②The pears in my basket are smaller than_______in Jim’s.‎ A. it B. that C. ones D. those ‎ 答案:D点拨:此题考查几个代词的区别，指代前面出现的名词，可用that或those. that常指代可数名词单数或不数名词，those常指代可数名词复数，本题中pears为复数 ‎5.不定代词 ‎ 不定代词主要有all， each， every， both， either， neith，none; little， few， many， much， other， another， some. 还有由some，any，no和every构成的合成代词。•‎ 不定代词在句中可以作主语，宾语，表语，定语，同位语等。‎ ‎(l) some与any some 与any是表示不定数量的代词，意为“一些” some多用于肯定句，any多用于-疑问句、否定句或条件从句中。但有些疑问句表请求，建议等，这时多用some而不用any.any 还可用来修饰可数名词的单数，表示“任何一个”或“随便哪一个”。 ‎ There are some eggs in the basket. ‎ Do you have any brotheror sisters? 你有兄弟姐妹吗?‎ If you find any new words in it， mark them out.如果发现里面有生词就把它们标出来。‎ Would you like some tea?您想要点茶吗?‎ ‎ You can buy it in any shop. 这东西你在哪个商店都能买得到。‎ ‎(2)both，eilher neither ‎ both either neither 三个词都只限于两者之间。Both表示“两者都….”,是对两者的肯定；neither表示“两者都不…”是对两者的否定。Both和neither是一对反义词，在进行肯定与否定的句型转换变化时，只要改变这两个词就行了。Either表示“两者之一”neither 作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。‎ Both of them are workers.‎ Neither of the answers is correct.‎ ‎ (3) little， few， a little,a few,many， much Little ，few没多少,很少 （否定）‎ Much,many 很多，许多 A little,a few 有上些，有几个（肯定）‎ 这三组分别前者修饰不可数名词，后者修饰可数名词。‎ There are a few students in the classroom. ‎ I know little about it.‎ ‎ Few (of us ) have ever been to Tibet. ‎ ‎（4）none，no，all ‎ None 与all是反义词，“没有人，没有什么东西”， None作主语时谓语单复都可 No 表示“没有” 相当于not any,not a/an.‎ ‎ all表"全体;所有"，可以指代和修饰可数或不数名词。.‎ None of us have (has) seen the film.‎ 我们当中没有人看过这部电影。‎ There are no dictionaries on the bookshelves. ‎ All of the work is done.所有的工作都做了。‎ ‎ All of us like her找们都喜欢她。 ‎ ‎5)each与every ‎ Each既可作代词，又可作形容词，着重于个别情况; ‎ every只作形容词，着重于全体情况，表示其中没有一个例外。‎ 它们作主语时，谓语用单数形式。‎ Each (student) has a book. 每个人(每个)学生都有一本书。‎ Every student has a book. 每个学生(全体学生)都有一本书。 ‎ ‎(6) one， other， others， another ‎ One用来代替前面提到的一个东西或人，以避免重复，可以有复数ones，也可以泛指一个人。‎ other用作代词，前加the，表两者中的另一个，one….the other...一个..另一个…(只限两者)。 others是other的复数，表另一些，如 some... others. ..一些…另一些…，特指时要加the.‎ another表与某一个不同的另一个(又一个)，用来代替或修饰可数的单数名词，前面不再加冠词。‎ ‎-Do you have a watch? ‎ ‎- No，1 don't have one. ‎ I have two brothers， one is a teacher， the other is a doctor.‎ There are many students in the classroom. Some are cleaning the windows， others are sweeping the floor. ‎ I don't like this green pen. Please give me another. ‎ ‎(7)anyone与any one都表示"任何人".‎ ‎ anyone作代词，只能指人，意思是"任何人，有人，等于anybody，不能与of短语连用。‎ Any one是一个词组，既可以指人，也指物，意思是 "任何一个人或任何一个物"，强调只限一个，可以和of短语连用，表示多数当中的任何一个。‎ Is there anyone at home?‎ John is more diligent than anyone else in his class. ‎ You may choose any one of these. 你可以从这些当中选择任何一个。‎ You can tell any one of us. 你可以告诉我们中的任何一个人。‎ ‎(8) everyone与every one ‎ Everyone用作不定代词意思是"每个人、人人"，表示整体意义，且只用来指人，等于everybody，不能和of短语连用，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。‎ Everyone is here.大家都在这儿。 ‎ Everyone likes to be free.人人都喜欢自由。 ‎ Every one单独使用时指人，意思是"每个人、人人"，等于everyone，和of短语连用时既可指人也可指物，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。‎ Every one put on his hat.‎ Our teacher has checked every one of the computers before class .‎ everyone后不能与 of构成短语，但 everyone后 可以接"1n十集体名词"短语。作主语时谓语动词依然用单.数形式。‎ Everyone in our class likes playing football. ‎ 思维拓展 ‎(1) neither还可作副词，表示"也不"之意，放在句首时表前面否定的内容也适用于另一个人或另一事，句子结构为"Neither+ be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语"。‎ I am not a teacher， neither is he. ‎ My father can't swim， neither can1. ‎ ‎(2)不定代词 all， both， every等与not连用构成部分否定;若要表示完全否定，则要换用 none， neither， no one等。试比较: ‎ All of the students bave read it. 所有学生都读过它。‎ Not all of the students bave read it. 并不是所有的学生都读过它。‎ ‎(3)复合不定代词的含义及用法:‎ 由some， every， no， any分别与one， thing和body组合得到以下不定代词 Someone,something ,omebody ; Anyone,anything,anybody; ‎ everyone c ~ everything everybody ; no one ,~ nothing, nobody' ‎ ‎①一般说来，由some构成的不定代词往往用于肯定句中;而由any构成的不定代词往往用于否定或疑问句 I heard someone singing when 1 was at work last night. ‎ It seems that they have lost something in the train Is there anyone at horne? ‎ 注意:由some构成的不定代饲有时也可用于疑问句中，用来表明特殊用意。‎ Would you like something to drink? 你想要一些喝的东西吗?(委婉的询问语气)‎ Why not ask someone else to help you? 为什么不让别人来帮助你呢?(建议不确定的某人)‎ ‎②由every构成的不定代词大多具有"复数"的含义，但并不能将其用作复数。因为此类词更强调个体，使用时任以单数对待。‎ Everything is ready and we may start. ‎ ‎③由no构成的不定代词表示的是一种否定含义，作主语时谓语动词多用单数形式。‎ There is nothing wrong with your computer. ‎ Nobody knows him in this city. ‎ 指点迷津：‎ ‎(])当主句中的主话是指人的复合不定代词everybody，nobody，anyone ，其反意疑问句的主语通常用they,当主句中的主语是指物的组合不定代词everything， anything， something， nothing等时，其反意疑问句的主语常用代词it. ‎ Everybody is here， aren't they? ‎ Everything is ready，isn't it? ‎ ‎ (2)、形容词修饰复合不定代词 everything，something，everyone等时，.形容词必须放在复合不定代词后面。‎ Xiaoming， I have something important to tell you. ‎ We need one more helper. Can you find anyone else?‎ 即景活用 ‎①(2009太原中考 ) I know—— about the news. 。You can ask Peter. He can tell you the nws. ‎ A. everything B. nothing C. anything ‎ 答案;B点拨;由"你可以问彼得。他能告诉你这个消息。"知对于这个消息"我"一无所知，故选B。‎ ‎②(2009淄博中考稩-Where would you like to go，Jinan or Qufu?‎ 一______. I only want to go to Qingdao.‎ A. Neither B. Either C. Each D. All ‎ 答案;A点拨:题意为"你想去济南还是曲阜?""都不，我只想去青岛。"neither表示两者的否定，故选A。‎ ‎③{南通中考) In my class some students love music，____arc fond of drawing and enjoy reading. ‎ A. some; the other B. others; the other C. others;the others D. some;others ‎ 答案;D点拨; some. . .， some. . .， others. ..意为"一些… 一些…，另一些… "，故选D ‎④(2008重庆)-When shall we go to the museum， this afternoon Or tomorrow morning? ‎ 一______is OK.I'm free these days.‎ A. Both B. All C. Either D. Neither ‎ 答案:C点拨:由''I'm free these days."可知，这两个时间都行;句中be动词用了is，因此both可排除，正确答either，表示"两者中任何一个"，故选C。 ‎ ‎⑤(2008.武汉)-Are you________ from America? ‎ ‎-No， none of us.‎ A. both B. all C. any D. either ‎ 答案;B点拨:代饲none暗含"三者或三者以上"之意，因此前面应使用all，故选B。‎ ‎⑥(2009'苏州中考) Make sure you've gott the tickets and guidebooks and ______before you leave. ‎ A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing ‎ 答案:C点拨: "在你离开之前，确保你有票、手册及每件东西"。B项不用于肯定句，D项与题意不和，A意为"某事〈物)"，C项意为"一切东西;每件东西”由题意可知选C，‎ ‎⑦( 2009 哈尔滨中考)~How can 1 make friends in a new school?‎ 一Say hello to_____ to you today， and you can have a friend tomorrow ‎ A. new someone B.someone new C. new anyone ‎ 答案:B点拨:形容词修饰不定代词时，要放在不定代词的后面。本句表达肯定语气，故用Bomeone new.‎ ‎6.疑问代词 ‎ 疑问代词主有who， whom. whose， which， what，它们用来构成特殊疑问句，位于句首。‎ ‎(1) who'， whom都表示“谁”做主语时用who，作宾语时用 whom，. Who在:特殊疑问句中可以代价'whom, 当疑问词作介词宾语，且介词又放于句首时，只能用whom。. whose.通常不能单独使用，常在前名词前作定语。‎ Whose shoes are these?‎ ‎ Who is standing there?‎ ‎ Who (Whom) arc you waiting for? ‎ With whom did you talljust now? ‎ ‎(2)which，what在:特殊疑问句中作定语时，后面必须紧跟一个名词。‎ Which class are you in?‎ ‎ What map is this? ‎ 思维拓展 ‎(I )who， what， which作表语指人时的区别：who问人的身份，多指姓名，关系； what问人的职业； which问一定范围内的人群中特指的人。‎ ‎(2) what和 which作定语时的区别：:what 指“什么” “哪种”，不限制范围; which指在相当数量人中进行选挠，限制在一定范围内。‎ ‎(3)疑问代词作主语时，后面的谓语动词单复数都可以。主要看代表的人或物是单数还是复数。‎ 即景活用 ‎①（2009河南七地市联考 ) Can you tell me_______ you are going to do next week?‎ A.if B. what C. how D. where 答案:B点拨:从句中是指某 物，故用疑问词what ， if“如果;是否”;how意为"怎么样"; where意为"哪里"。‎ ‎②（2009江西中考 )-Do you know ______the man with sunglasses is? ‎ ‎-I’m not sure.Maybe a repoter.‎ A. who B what C. where D. how ‎ 答案:B、拨:题意“你知道那个戴太阳镜的人是做什么的吗?""我不能确定，可能是一位记者。"由答语可知上句问职业，故选B。‎ 疑点难点突破 ‎ ‎1，one和it都可以用来代替前面提到的名词，其区别如下:‎ ‎1)one~不特定的事物， it指特定的事物。 ‎ Jim lost his pen， but he has bought a new one. (one在这里指另外的一只，而不是丢失的那支)‎ I'm looking for my pen，but I can't find it. (it. 是丢失的那支钢笔)‎ ‎2),one或; ones 可与 the， this/these. that/those. Which等词连用，而it不可以。‎ Do you know that man? - Which one? -The one under the tree. ‎ These boxes are heavier than those ones. ‎ ‎3)one可与形容词连用，而 it不可以。 ‎ That's an empty bag， but this is a full on。 ‎ ‎4)one只能代替可数名词，而 it 可代'"可数名词和不可数名词。‎ Tom's uncle bought a new bike and gave it to Tom. ‎ We need water and we can’t live without it.‎ ‎2,any和either都可表示"任何，其中之一"'any用于三者或 三者以上其中之一，也可指不可数事物; either指两者之间其中之-。‎ There are many apples here， you can take any of them. ‎ 中考考题预测 代词专项训练 ‎.用所给代词的适当形式填空 ‎1.. Please show_______(I) the way to the hospital. 2. Grandma often tells _________(we) stories. ‎ ‎3. This is __________(you) room. _______(she) is next one. 4.Help _________(you) to some fish， children. ‎ ‎5.Where is Lucy? Lily is looking for _________(she). ‎ ‎6.My uncle is ill.I'm going to see ________(he) in the hospital. 7.Edison built a science lab __________(he). ‎ ‎8.Yesterday I met a friend of___________(I) in the street. ‎ ‎9.The girl is only seven， but she can do some housework by____________ (she). ‎ ‎10. They enjoyed _____________(they) in the park. ‎ lI.单项填空 ‎1.Would you like ___________to drink? A. anything B. everything C. nothing D. something ‎ ‎2.We went to travel with some friends of ________ A. us B. ours C. our D. ourselves ‎ ‎3.The population of China is much larger than ___________of Russia. A. this B. those C. it D. that ‎ ‎4.We've got two TV sets，but _________works well. A. any B. both C. either D. neither ‎ ‎5.Two foreigners are in the sitting room. One is Jack and ________is Peter. A. other C.one B. another D. the other ‎6. Kate is nice. I like to work with _________A. she B. her C. hers D. him ‎ ‎7.一Is David ________classmate or _________? 一He is my classmate.‎ A.our;their B. your;theirs C. her;they D. his;them ‎ ‎8.Is there__________ in today's newspaper? ‎ A.something interesting B.interesting something C.anything interesting D.interesting anything ‎ ‎9.- ______came to see you yesterday afternoon. -Who was_____ ?‎ A.Somebody; he B.Somebody; she C.Somebody; it D. Anybody;the one ‎ ‎10.______ of us went to the Summer‎ ‎Palace except Lin Tao yesterday: A. Some B. Either C. All D. Every ‎ ‎11. My father is busy with his work. He has ____time to do the housework. A little B. few C. a little D. a few ‎ ‎12.一I don't think it very expensive to buy a family computer here. - Really?I'll buy ______next week. ‎ A. it B. this C. one D. mine ‎ ‎13.He found _______ very interesting to ride a horse. A. this B. that C. it D. which ‎ ‎14. – Do you want an apple or a pear? . -_______ I really don't mind. A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither ‎ ‎15.-________bikes are over there? -They are ours. A. Whose C. Whom B. Who's D. Where ‎ Ⅲ用方框中所给的代词完成下到旬子(每词只能用一次)‎ other， any， either， some， both， much，all， neither， another， many ‎ ‎1. Jack and his two sisters are_________f rom Australia. ‎ ‎2.Mary and Peter are ________Americans. ‎ ‎3.The two boys were very sad because _______of them had passed the maths exam. ‎ ‎4.There isn't _______water in my glass. Would you gIve me ________? ‎ ‎5.The jacket is too small for me. Would you show me____________ one? ‎ ‎6.What__________ things can you see in the picture? ‎ ‎7.There arc so __________books to read and so ____________work to do. ‎ ‎8. You can go this morning or this afternoon. _________ is OK N.根据汉语意思完成旬子 ‎ ‎1. 上个周末你们玩得高兴吗?Did you __________ _________last weekend? ‎ ‎2.那边的书不是我的，是她的。 The books over there are not ____________.. They are ____________.‎ ‎3.我不喜欢这样的书。I don't like ________ ________book. ‎ ‎4.找们的想法完全一样。 Our ideas are exactly _________ ____________‎ ‎5.他们互:相看着 They looked at _______ _________‎ ‎6,.这是谁的房间? __________ ________is this? ‎ ‎7.他们两个都对电脑不感兴趣。_________ ________them __________interested in computers. ‎ ‎8.这本书里有什么有趣的故事吗? Is there __________ __________in this book? ‎ 即景活用：1，①Miss Lin teaches _______English this term. -You are lucky .______is a very good teacher. ‎ A.our She B.us; He C.us,She D. ours; He ‎②(2008.北京)I'm going skating. Would you like to go with _____? A.meB.. I C. my D. mine ‎2，①(2009河北中考 ) Is there any difference between your idea and___ ? A. he B. his C. she D. her ‎ ‎②(2009.杭州中考)-Do you know Alice? 一Yes. I know____very well. A. she B. her C. hersel f D. hers ‎ ‎3，(2009.长沙中考)-Help _____to some fish， my boy. –Thanks . A. you B. yours C. yourself ‎ ‎4，①(2009.山西中考)-Look! What's_______ in the sky? 一It looks like a kite. A.this B. that C. those ‎ ‎②The pears in my basket are smaller than_______in Jim’s. A. it B. that C. ones D. those ‎ ‎5，①(2009太原中考 ) I know—— about the news. 。You can ask Peter. He can tell you the nws. ‎ A. everything B. nothing C. anything ‎ ‎②(2009淄博中考稩-Where would you like to go，Jinan or Qufu? 一______. I only want to go to Qingdao.‎ A. Neither B. Either C. Each D. All ‎ ‎③{南通中考) In my class some students love music，____arc fond of drawing and enjoy reading. ‎ A. some; the other B. others; the other C. others;the others D. some;others ‎ ‎④(2008重庆)-When shall we go to the museum， this afternoon Or tomorrow morning? ‎ 一______is OK.I'm free these days. A. Both B. All C. Either D. Neither ‎ ‎⑤(2008.武汉)-Are you________ from America? -No， none of us. A. both B. all C. any D. either ‎ ‎⑥(2009'苏州中考) Make sure you've gott the tickets and guidebooks and ______before you leave. ‎ A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing ‎ ‎⑦( 2009 哈尔滨中考)~How can 1 make friends in a new school?‎ 一Say hello to_____ to you today， and you can have a friend tomorrow ‎ A. new someone B.someone new C. new anyone ‎ ‎6，①（2009河南七地市联考 ) Can you tell me_______ you are going to do next week?‎ A.if B. what C. how D. where ‎②（2009江西中考 )-Do you know ______the man with sunglasses is? -I’m not sure.Maybe a repoter.‎ A. who B what C. where D. how ‎ 代词专项训练 ‎.用所给代词的适当形式填空 ‎1.. Please show_______(I) the way to the hospital.‎ ‎2. Grandma often tells _________(we) stories. ‎ ‎3. This is __________(you) room. _______(she) is next one.‎ ‎4.Help _________(you) to some fish， children. ‎ ‎5.Where is Lucy? Lily is looking for _________(she). ‎ ‎6.My uncle is ill.I'm going to see ________(he) in the hospital. ‎ ‎7.Edison built a science lab __________(he). ‎ ‎8.Yesterday I met a friend of___________(I) in the street. ‎ ‎9.The girl is only seven， but she can do some housework by____________ (she). ‎ ‎10. They enjoyed _____________(they) in the park. ‎ ‎1.Would you like ___________to drink? ‎ A. anything B. everything C. nothing D. something ‎ ‎2.We went to travel with some friends of ________‎ A. us B. ours C. our D. ourselves ‎ ‎3.The population of China is much larger than ___________of Russia. ‎ A. this B. those C. it D. that ‎ ‎4.We've got two TV sets，but _________works well. ‎ A. any B. both C. either D. neither ‎ ‎5.Two foreigners are in the sitting room. One is Jack and ____________is Peter. ‎ A. other C.one B. another D. the other ‎6. Kate is nice. I like to work with _________‎ A. she B. her C. hers D. him ‎ ‎7.一Is David ________classmate or _________? 一He is my classmate.‎ A.our;their B. your;theirs C. her;they D. his;them ‎ ‎8.Is there__________ in today's newspaper? ‎ A.something interesting B.interesting something C.anything interesting D.interesting anything ‎ ‎9.- ______came to see you yesterday afternoon. -Who was_____ ?‎ A.Somebody; he B.Somebody; she C.Somebody; it D. Anybody;the one ‎ ‎10.______ of us went to the Summer‎ ‎Palace except Lin Tao yesterday: ‎ A. Some B. Either C. All D. Every ‎ ‎11. My father is busy with his work. He has _______time to do the housework. ‎ A little B. few C. a little D. a few ‎ ‎12.一I don't think it very expensive to buy a family computer here. - Really?I'll buy ______next week. ‎ A. it B. this C. one D. mine ‎ ‎13.He found _______ very interesting to ride a horse. ‎ A. this B. that C. it D. which ‎ ‎14. – Do you want an apple or a pear? . -_______ I really don't mind. ‎ A. Both B. None C. Either D. Neither ‎ ‎15.-________bikes are over there? ‎ ‎-They are ours.‎ A. Whose C. Whom B. Who's D. Where ‎ Ⅲ用方框中所给的代词完成下到旬子(每词只能用一次)‎ other， any， either， some， both， much，all， neither， another， many ‎ ‎1. Jack and his two sisters are_________f rom Australia. ‎ ‎2.Mary and Peter are ________Americans. ‎ ‎3.The two boys were very sad because _______of them had passed the maths exam. ‎ ‎4.There isn't _______water in my glass. Would you gIve me ________? ‎ ‎5.The jacket is too small for me. Would you show me____________ one? ‎ ‎6.What__________ things can you see in the picture? ‎ ‎7.There arc so __________books to read and so ____________work to do. ‎ ‎8. You can go this morning or this afternoon. _________ is OK ※ 注：复合不定代词有12个：something(某事), someone(某人), somebody(某人), anything ‎(任何事), anyone(任何人), anybody(任何人), nothing(没事),nobody(没有人), no one(没有人), everything(一切), everyone(每个人), everybody(每个人). ‎ ‎(1)some和 any 的用法：‎ some一般用于肯定句中,意思是“几个”、“一些”、“某个”作定语时可修饰可数名词或不可数名词。如：I have some work to do today. / They will go there some day. ‎ some 用于疑问句时,表建议、请求或希望得到肯定回答。如：Would you like some coffee with sugar?‎ any 一般用于疑问句或否定句中,意思是“任何一些”、“任何一个”,作定语时可修饰可数或不可数名词。如：They didn’t have any friends here. / Have you got any questions to ask?‎ any 用于肯定句时,意思是“任何的”。Come here with any friend.‎ ‎(2)no和none的用法：‎ no是形容词,只能作定语表示,意思是“没有”,修饰可数名词(单数或复数)或不可数名词。如：There is no time left. Please hurry up. / They had no reading books to lend.‎ none只能独立使用,在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语,意思是“没有一个人(或事物)”,表示复数或单数。如：None of them is/are in the classroom)/ I have many books, but none is interesting. ‎ ‎(3)all和both的用法：‎ all指三者或三者以上的人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词；也可用来代替或修饰不可数名词。‎ both指两个人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词。all和both在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。如：I know all of the four British students in their school. / --Would you like this one or that one? –Both.‎ all和both既可以修饰名词(all/both+(the)+名词),也可以独立使用,采用“all/both + of the +名词(复数)”的形式,其中的of 可以省略。如：All (of) (the) boys are naughty.‎ ‎(4)every和each用法：‎ every是形容词,只能作定语修饰单数名词,意思是“每一个”,表示整体概念；‎ each是形容词、代词,可用作主语、宾语、定语等,意思是“每个”或者“各个”,表示单个概念；each可以放在名词前,可以后跟of短语,与动词同时出现时要放在“be动词、助动词、情态动词”之后或者行为动词之前 every和each都用作单数理解,但是下文中既可以用单数的代词(如he/him/his)也可以用复数的代词(如they/them/their)替代。如：Every one of the students in his class studies very hard.(他班上每个学生学习都很用功) / They are very busy. Each of them has something to do.(他们很忙,人人都有事干) ‎ ‎(5)either和neither的用法：‎ either意思是“两个中间的任何一个”；neither是either的否定形式,意思是“两个都不”。‎ neither和either在句子中可作主语、宾语和定语等,都用作单数。如：I don’t care much for what to drink. Either of the two will do. / --Will you go there by bus or by car? –Neither. I will go there by train.‎ ‎(6)other、the other和another的用法：‎ other意思是“另一”、“另一些”,有复数形式。在句子中可作主语、宾语和定语。another意思是“另外”、“又一个”,表示增加,在句中可作宾语和定语。如：‎ ‎ Some girls are singing under the big apple tree and others are sitting on the grass talking./ You have had several cakes. Do you really want another one? / I want another four books.‎ another(另外的,再一,又一)与the other(另外的一个) 主要从数量上区分,只有两个时用the other,在原先基础上增加用another。如： This is one of your socks. Where is the other one? / I have eaten 4 cakes, but I still want another.‎ others与the others的主要区别：others指“剩余的人/物”(指大部分)；the others指“其余的人/物”,(指全部)。如：A few students are playing soccer while others are watching them./ Two of the ten boys are standing and the others are sitting round them.‎ ‎(7)many和much的用法：‎ many意思是“很多”,与可数名词复数连用；much意思是“很多”,与不可数名词连用。它们在句中可作主语、宾语和定语等。如：I don’t have many friends here.(在这里我没有很多的朋友。) /Many died in the bus accident.(许多人在公交车祸中丧失) / We can learn much with the help of him.(在他的帮助之下我们能学到很多) ‎ ‎ many和much一般用于否定句,肯定句中通常用a lot of 或者lots of; many / much用于肯定句时可以在前面加上so、very或too.如： There are a lot of people on the playground./ They haven’t got much work to do. / There are too many people in the room.‎ ‎(8)few、little、a few、a little的用法：‎ few、little意思是“很少几个”、“几乎没有”,有否定的意思,a few、a little意思是“有几个”、“有些”,有肯定的意思 ；few、a few与可数名词连用或代替可数的事物, little、a little与不可数名词连用或代替不可数的事物。它们在句中可作主语、宾语和定语。如：‎ He is very poor and he has little money. / Don’t worry. There is still a little time left./ In that polar region there live few people. / You can get a few sweets from him.‎ ‎(9)复合不定代词somebody ,something ,anything, nothing ,everything, everybody等是由some , any ,no ,every, 加上body, thing 构成的,叫做复合不定代词,在句子中当单数使用。‎ somebody, something, someone 一般用于肯定句中；anything, anybody,anyone一般用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中。修饰复合不定代词的定语,应放在它们的后面。如：Hey,Lily. There is someone outside the door. /Di d you meet anyone when you came to school last Sunday?/He has nothing much to do today.‎ ‎ (10)one与ones用来代替上文的一个或多个人或事物,前面可以加冠词、形容词、指示代词、which等。如： Which jacket would you like, this one or that one? / I don’t like the green ones.‎ ‎ (11)so可以代替一件事情,作句子的宾语或表语。如： I don’t think so. / He lost a book. So did ‎I.‎ ‎ (12)a lot of、lots of、a number of( /large numbers of)、a great deal of、plenty of的区别：五个“名词+介词”短语都表示“大量,许多”,a lot of(或lots of)既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的复数形式,可以相应地换为much和many；plenty of“足够、大量”,既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的复数形式。 a number of / large numbers of只可以修饰可数名词复数形式(它修饰的词作主语时谓语用复数形式)可以换为some、many、a lot of、plenty of。 a great deal of只可以修饰不可数名词(它修饰的词作主语时谓语用单数形式)可以换为much。‎ 如：A lot of people think that time is money. / I don’t have to do it in a hurry because I have plenty of time. / I have a number of letters to write today. / I spend a great deal of time/money on shopping.‎ ‎ (13)none、no one、nobody的区别：no one和nobody都表示“没有人”,仅指人,后面不跟of 短语,作主语时谓语用单数形式；none表示“没有一个人/物”,可指人也可以指物,后面可跟of短语,作主语时谓语可用单数也可用复数。如：No one knows how he managed to get the ticket. / Nobody handed in his/their composition(s) yesterday. / None of my friends came to see me that day.‎ ‎9、相互代词：表示相互关系的词叫相互代词。‎ each other ,one another是相互代词,译成“互相”,可以通用。each other表示两者之间,而one anther表示许多人之间。它们有所有格形式each other’s ,one another’s。如： We must help each other when we are in trouble.(我们身处困境时要互相帮助。) / They sat there without talking to one another / each other.(他们坐在那儿,互相都不说话。)‎ ‎10、疑问代词：用来提出问题的代词称为疑问代词。‎ ‎1、who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever、whatever、whichever主要用于特殊疑问句中,一般放在句首。口语中也常用who代替whom作宾语,但在介词后则只能用whom。如：‎ Who(m) did you invite to your birthday party? / What does she want to be when she grows up?‎ ‎2、who 和whom只能独立使用,其中who可以作句子的主语、表语或动词的宾语,whom只能作谓语动词的宾语；而what、which、whose等既可以独立使用作主语、表语和宾语,也可以与名词构成疑问短语。如： Who is that man? / What colour are their hats? / Which car was made in Germany?(被动句) ‎ 注意这个提问：The man in the car is my father.→Which man is your father?‎ ‎3、which除了可以询问指代的情况之外,还可以针对说明人物的时间、地点、岁数、颜色、大小、状况等进行提问。如：People there live a very sad life.→Which people live a sad life? / --Which hotel have you booked for your holiday?—The biggest one in Haikou.‎ ‎4、疑问代词不分单复数,视它所替代的人或事物决定单复数,但是通常用单数；如果修饰名词,则以名词的单复数为准。如：Who is (are) in that playhouse? / What is that? / What are those? / What colours ‎ do they have?‎