初中8年级英语教案：第1讲 时态（1）

初中8年级英语教案：第1讲 时态（1）

辅导教案 学员姓名： 学科教师：‎ 年 级：八年级 辅导科目： 英语 ‎ 授课日期 ‎××年××月××日 时 间 A / B / C / D / E / F段 主 题 时态（1）‎ 教学内容 ‎（本次课的重点、难点以及达到怎样的情感目标）‎ ‎1.掌握四种时态的基本概念及相关的时间状语；‎ ‎2.能在具体的语境中选用正确的时态。‎ ‎（TR可根据本次课的需要，选择不同的互动探究方法，如：预习、复习上节课内容、或通过案例分析、趣味故事进行新课导入）‎ 教学建议：‎ 1. 此部分的思维导图旨在帮助学生对时态有个整体的了解；‎ 2. 建议老师带领学生一起学习思维导图，对时态所表达的概念及各种时态的结构进行详细的学习 教学建议：‎ 由于此部分是复习课，建议老师采取以教代学的方式让学生各自负责一个知识点进行讲解，其他学生进行提问。老师在过程中进行补充和总结。‎ I.时态复习 ‎ 一．一般现在时 ‎1. 表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的副词连用。常用的频度副词有: often, always, usually, sometimes, every day/month/year, once a week/month/year. 频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。‎ People are often afraid of things they don't understand.‎ I know my dad looks forward to his pay raise every year, and every year he is disappointed.‎ This game was held once a year at the beginning, and now it is held twice a year ever since1957.‎ ‎2. 表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格、特征和能力等。‎ ‎ She is tall and with long blonde hair.‎ ‎ My brother is good at maths while I do well in chemistry.‎ ‎3. 表示客观真理，客观存在，自然现象。‎ Light travels faster than sound.‎ ‎ It’s known to all that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.‎ ‎ My mum once told me the earth travels around the sun and the moon travels around the earth.‎ ‎4. 在复合句中，当主句是一般将来时，时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。即: 主将从现——主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时。‎ ‎ I'll only stay if you offer me more money.‎ ‎ If anyone calls, tell them I'm not at home.‎ 练习： ‎ ‎1. — What does Tom’s uncle do? ‎ ‎— He is a teacher. He ________ physics at a school now. ‎ A. will teach B. has taught C. teaches D. is teaching ‎2. —Do you know whether David will go cycling or not tomorrow? ‎ ‎ —David? Never! He _______ outdoor activities. ‎ A. hates B. hated C. is hating D. has hated ‎ ‎3. My grandmother ________ in Yangzhou. She was born there and has never lived anywhere else.‎ ‎ A. lived B. lives C. was living D. will live ‎4. It only_______ him 20 minutes __________to his office every day.‎ ‎ A. takes, to drive B. took, drive C. takes, drive D. took, to drive ‎5. I don’t know if it ______ tomorrow. If it ________, I will not go fishing.‎ ‎ A. rains; will rain B. will rain; rains C. will rain; rain D. rains; rains ‎ ‎6. The traffic in Shanghai will become better if everyone _____ the traffic rules.‎ A. will obey B. is obeying C. obey D. obeys KEYS: CABABD 二． 一般过去时 ‎1. 表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态。‎ ‎ The buses went in opposite directions - one went south and the other went north.‎ He left England in 1964 and never returned.‎ ‎2. 表示过去的习惯性或经常发生的动作。‎ You always bought the same brands, usually the brands your mother bought.‎ ‎ Alice couldn’t get up early so she was often late for school.‎ ‎3. 动词过去式构成 ‎ 动词的不规则变化大体分为四类：‎ ‎ AAA类：cost, cost, cost ABA类：come, came, come ‎ ABB类：get, got, got ABC类：fall, fell, fallen ‎ ‎ ‎4. 与一般过去时相关的时间状语 ‎(1) just now, yesterday (morning/afternoon/evening), last week/month/year, in 1999, two days/weeks/months/ years ago等表示过去的时间状语连用。‎ ‎(2) 一般过去时表示过去经常或反复发生的动作时，常和often，always，once a week等表示频度的时间状语连用。‎ ‎ ‎ 练习： ‎ ‎1. When I was young, my mother often__________ me interesting stories.‎ ‎ A. spoke B. said C. talked D. told ‎2. -When_________ you__________ your old friend?‎ ‎ -The day before yesterday.‎ A. will; visit B. did; visit C. have; visited D. are; visit ‎3. He_________ this dictionary for 5 years. He_________ it in 1997.‎ ‎ A. has bought; bought B. bought; bought ‎ C. has kept; has bought D. has had; bought ‎4. I__________ the wrong thing. Can I use your eraser?‎ ‎ A. write B. wrote C. am writing D. will write ‎5. --Excuse me. You shouldn't smoke here. Look at the sign “NO SMOKING HERE”.‎ ‎ --Sorry, I__________ it. ‎ ‎ A. doesn't see B. haven't seen C. didn't see D. haven’t seen ‎6. — Come and join us, Ben!‎ ‎ — I’m afraid I can’t. I’m too busy now. If I ________ time, I would certainly go.‎ A. had B. will have C. have had D. have ‎7. Sam opened the door and__________ a lovely dog outside.‎ ‎ A. finds B. found C. has found D. will find ‎8. —Frank, you look worried. Anything wrong?‎ ‎ —Well, I__________ a test and I’m waiting for the result.‎ ‎ A. will take B. took C. am taking D. take KEYS: DBDBC ABB 三． 一般将来时 ‎1. a. will +动词原形 (do/be) ‎ We will have a class meeting next Friday.‎ There will be a lecture in the auditorium this afternoon.‎ b. be going to +动词原形(do/be)‎ What are you going to do tomorrow?‎ Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm.‎ ‎2. 位移动词如come, go, start, arrive, leave, stay常用现在进行时表示将来。‎ I’m leaving for Beijing to visit my grandparents tomorrow. ‎ Are you staying here for a business trip till next week?‎ ‎3. 与一般将来时相关的时间状语: tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening, next day/week/month/year, …later, in 2020, soon, the day after tomorrow等连用。‎ ‎4. 在由 when, after, before, until, till, as soon as等引导的时间状语中或由 if, as long as等引导的条件状语从句中，当主句是一般将来时，时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。即: 主将从现——主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时。‎ 练习：‎ ‎1. Simon is interested in American culture. He ______ English at Trojan University next year. ‎ A) study B) studied C) will study D) would study ‎2. Another bridge across the Yangtze River built in one or two years.‎ A) was B) has been C) would be D) will be ‎3. They their classroom to welcome me coming Christmas tomorrow afternoon.‎ A) decorate B) will decorate C) are decorating D) decorated ‎4. Dad _____ the USA in two weeks.‎ A) is leave for B) leaves for C) is leaving for D) left for ‎5. There ________a Disneyland Park in Shanghai Pudong New Area in the near future.‎ A) is B) will be C) was D) will have ‎ ‎6. Sam ________ us the result as soon as the manager makes a decision.‎ A) tells B) has told C) will tell D) would tell ‎7. We ________ a barbecue in the park if the weather ________ fine tomorrow.‎ A) will have...will be B) will have...is ‎ C) have...is D) have...will be ‎8. Mary ______ to work in the west of China after she graduates from university.‎ A) goes B) will go C) went D) would go Keys : CDBCBCBB 四． 过去将来时 ‎1. 基本结构：would +do; was/ were +going to do ‎2. 表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态。‎ She was sixty-six. In three years, she would be sixty-nine.‎ It was late in the evening. We were going to leave in an hour.‎ ‎3. 过去将来时常用于宾语从句和间接引语中。‎ ‎ We never imagined that John would become a doctor.‎ ‎ She told us that she would not go with us if it rained.‎ ‎ He said he would come back the next day.‎ 练习：‎ ‎1. It was reported that more young teachers _________ to Yunnan sometime next year.‎ A. would send B. will send C. would be sent D. will be sent ‎2. Peter promised that he ____________ his sister an electronic dictionary.‎ ‎ A. has bought B. had bought C. would buy D. will buy ‎3. — Come and join us, Ben!‎ ‎— I’m afraid I can’t. I’m too busy now. If I ________ time, I would certainly go.‎ A. had B. will have C. have had D. have ‎4. — Has Wendy handed in her application form?‎ ‎ — Not sure. She told me that she wanted to check again and it in soon.‎ ‎ A. will hand B. would hand C. has handed D. had handed ‎5. The official said they _______ a new law to protect the tourists the next year.‎ ‎ A. makes B. would make C. made D. have made Keys: CCABB II. Reading Fill in the blanks with proper words.（2012年上海中考首字母）‎ The 2012 London Olympic Games are on the wa3'. You may ‎ ‎ have a nice trip in London with the help of the following information.‎ ‎ Getting around in London By ‎ underground The underground is The underground is fast and convenient. There is a station every few blocks. Underground trains run from 5:30 a.m. to 12:00 midnight. You can get to any place e 1 .‎ By bus Traveling by bus is a good way to see the city-, especially from the top of a double-decker bus. There is always a bus stop nearby. There are special tickets for c 2 under the age of 12.‎ By train Take a train to visit places outside London, like Hampton Court and Windsor Castle. You can use a Travel card on the underground, buses and most trains. To p 3 your journey, get a map from the railway stations, take some time to think about the places you want to visit.‎ By taxi London's black taxis are f 4 . Many visitors to London know they are good and comfortable. They Will cost you a few pounds, though. Take a taxi once, for the experience.‎ By b 5 ‎ The "river bus" leaves from Westminster Pier and stops at different places between Westminster and Greenwich Pier. A good way to see the city from the River Thames.‎ By car Don't drive your car in London! Car parks are very e 6 . You have to pay a special congestion charge (拥堵费) to drive your car into the city centre.‎ By bike There aren't many good bicycle lanes in London. Cycling with a large guided group is better than r 7 alone.‎ On foot ‎ The best way to visit the city! But look right and left before you cross a street. There are many beautiful sights waiting for you.‎ ‎【KEYS】1：easily 2: children 3: plan 4: famous 5: boat 6: expensive 7: riding 教学建议：‎ 1． 规定学生必须在10分钟内完成；‎ 2． 相互交换批改，表扬正确率最高的学生；‎ 3． 做对的学生给做错的学生讲题；‎ 4． 让每个学生简单总结一下错误原因及应该注意的问题。‎ I. Choose the best answer.‎ ‎1. The Eiffel Tower _____________ by the French engineer Alexandre Gustave Eiffel for the Paris Exposition (巴黎博览会) of 1889.‎ A. designed B. was designed C. will design D. will be designed ‎2. “If he has enough sleep, he ________ well soon.” the doctor said to Tom’s mother. ‎ A. is B. was C. will be D. has been ‎ ‎3. Please tell Joan this good news as soon as she back.‎ A. comes B. will come C. came D. has come ‎4. —Excuse me，look at the sign NO PHOTOS! ‎ ‎ —Sorry, I ________it. ‎ A. don’t see B. didn’t see C. haven’t seen D. won’t see ‎ ‎5. Every student who ____ in the same group takes part in his birthday party.‎ A. study B. studies C. are studying D. have studied ‎6. —Which team do you think ______ the game?‎ ‎ —Hard to say. There are still ten minutes before it ends.‎ ‎ A. won B. has won C. will win D. wins ‎7. — I called you yesterday evening．but you were not in．‎ ‎ —sorry，I _____in the shop with my mother．‎ ‎ A．am B．will be C. was D. have been ‎8. I know a little about Thailand, as I there three years ago.‎ A. have been B. have gone C. will go D. went ‎ ‎9. —Will you go to the cinema with me tomorrow?‎ ‎ —Sorry, I ________ skating with Tom. ‎ ‎ A. go B. went C. have gone D. will go ‎10. My grandmother ________ in Yangzhou. She was born there and has never lived anywhere else.‎ ‎ A. lived B. lives C. was living D. will live ‎11. Oh, you are here. I _______ you came back.‎ ‎ A. don't know B. didn't know ‎ C. haven't known D. won't know ‎12. —What did Yang Ying say?‎ ‎—She said they _____ a school trip the next weekend. ‎ ‎ A. will have B. had C. would have D. have ‎13. —Where ____ you ____ lunch?‎ ‎ —At home．There was no school lunch A. did; have B. are; having C. will; have D. do; have ‎14. This term ________ over. The summer vacation is coming in two weeks.‎ A. is B. was C. has been D. will be ‎15. Great changes have taken place since we ______ E-Times．And the computer is widely used throughout the world．‎ A. entered                  B. will enter       C. have entered D. enter ‎16. — Jack is busy packing luggage.（行李 ）‎ ‎ — Yes. He ____ for America on vacation.‎ ‎ A. leaves B. left C. is leaving D. has been away ‎17. If you ____ to the 2010 Shanghai Expo next month, I will go with you.‎ A. go B. has gone C. will go D. are going ‎18. －How’s the weather tomorrow, Rose?‎ ‎－I hear there is going to ______ a snow storm.‎ ‎ A. have B. be C. is D. has ‎19. －What did your dad tell you, my baby?‎ ‎ －He said the sun ______ in the east.‎ A. went up B. will go up C. goes up D. would go up ‎20. He asked me where the 2016 Olympics _______ held.‎ A. was B. will be C. would be D. is going to ‎（以学生自我总结为主，TR引导为辅，为本次课做一个总结回顾）‎ 一．一般现在时 ‎1.常用的频度副词有: often, always, usually, sometimes, every day/month/year, once a week/month/year. 频度副词在句中通常放在行为动词之前，系动词、助动词之后。‎ ‎2. 表示客观真理，客观存在，自然现象在复合句中，当主句是一般将来时，时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。即: 主将从现——主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时。‎ 二． 一般过去时： ‎ 时间状语： just now, yesterday (morning/afternoon/evening), last week/month/year, in 1999, two days/weeks/months/ years ago，often，always，once a week ‎ 1. 时间状语: tomorrow morning/afternoon/evening, next day/week/month/year, …later, in 2020, soon, the day after tomorrow等连用。‎ 2. 在由 when, after, before, until, till, as soon as等引导的时间状语中或由 if, as long as等引导的条件状语从句中，当主句是一般将来时，时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。即: 主将从现——主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时。‎ 教学建议：‎ ‎1. 包含预习下次课单词与短语和复习本次课内容两部分； ‎ ‎2. 规定学生在25分钟内完成；‎ ‎3. 要求学生对不确定有疑问的题目做标记；‎ ‎4．下节新课前让学生相互批改表扬正确率最高的学生；‎ ‎5．让作对的学生给做错的学生讲题，老师进行补充；‎ ‎6．老师对错误率较高的题目相关的知识点进行复习。‎ ‎【巩固练习】‎ I. Choose the best answer. ‎ ‎1. The teachers in our school on a two-day trip to the mountains last weekend. （宝山）‎ A. go B. goes C. went D. will go ‎2. I will give him the news as soon as he back from Beijing tomorrow. （长宁）‎ A. come B. will come C. comes D. came ‎3. Good service by China during the World Expo in Shanghai in 2010.（崇明）‎ A. provided B. has provided ‎ C. was provided D. has been provided ‎4. The Browns a party in the garden if it is fine this weekend.（虹口）‎ A. have B. will have C. were having D. had ‎5. McDonald menu prices in China by 0.50 yuan to 1 yuan per item last November. （虹口）‎ A. rose B. raised C. lifted D. grew ‎6. They their classroom to welcome me coming Christmas tomorrow afternoon.（金山）‎ A. decorate B. will decorate C. are decorating D. decorated ‎7. I think the students at home through the Internet in 2020. （静安）‎ A. study B. studied C. will study D. have studied ‎8. Our classroom is always clean and bright because it every day. （静安）‎ A. cleans B. is cleaned C. cleaned D. will clean ‎9. We a barbecue in the park if the weather fine tomorrow.（杨浦）‎ A. will have...will be B. will have...is C. have...is D. have...will be ‎10. Young people are worried that the housing prices ______ further in the coming years. （普陀）‎ A. have risen B. will rise C. rose D. are rising ‎11. —What would you do if you _____ the traffic accident?‎ ‎ —I would _____.学科王 ‎ A. see; do my housework first B. saw; buy some fruit right away学科王 ‎ C. see; call at I10 at once D. saw；call the police right away ‎12. —Have you washed the clothes?‎ ‎ —Not yet. But I _____ them in half an hour. ‎ ‎ A. washed B. have washed C. will wash D. wash ‎ ‎13. Kevin will give less homework to his students if he ______ a teacher.‎ ‎ A. becomes B. become C. became D. becoming ‎14. —Do you know who took the students to the old people’s home, Tony? ‎ ‎ —Well, Mr. Smith _______. ‎ ‎ A. took B. does C. did D. do ‎ ‎15. —I hear Mr. Zhang has gone to Beijing for a meeting. ‎ ‎—Really? Do you know when he ______? ‎ A. leaves B. was leaving C. has left D. left ‎ ‎16. —When will your aunt leave for Shanghai? ‎ ‎—I don’t know, but I’ll call you as soon as she____. ‎ A. leaves B. will leave C. left学科王 D. is leaving ‎17. We make it a rule that each of us________ the bedroom once a week.‎ A. has cleaned B. have cleaned C. cleans D. clean ‎18. There a football match and a concert this weekend. Which one would you like to go?‎ ‎ A. is B. are C. will be D. will have ‎19. －I’m sorry, Mr. Li. I my English homework at home.‎ ‎ －Don’t forget it to school tomorrow.‎ A. left, to bring B. forgot, to take C. lost, to bring D. missed, to take ‎20. — You look sad. What has happened?‎ ‎—Everyone ______ us to win the match, but we lost.‎ A. expects B. expected C. hopes D. hoped II. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each one can only be used once（将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词，每词或词组只能填一次。注意有一个多余选项） (2013宝山一模)‎ ‎ A. will B. moment C. hold on D. dream E. dangerous ‎ ‎ F. alive G. for long H. sudden I. messages ‎ Miners（矿工）work under the earth to collect coal. They have _____1_____ jobs because sometimes the earth sinks or fall apart（坍塌）. When this happens, miners are trapped（被困在）underground. They are covered with earth and rocks. They will die if they don’t have air to breathe, food to eat, or water to drink. They cannot live without any of these things _____2______. ‎ Trapped miners _____3_____ of being free and don’t give up. In July 2011, nine miners went to work in California. All of a _____4______, there was a terrible accident. A wall broke apart（断裂） and water flooded the place where the miners were working. The water came up to their necks. At first the miners shouted, but no one could hear them. Luckily, people on the surface found out where the miners were and dug a breathing hole. Later, they gave them _____5______ from their families, which told them to ______6______ and never lose heart. Many people took part in helping to save them. After several days’ hard work, they successfully pulled the tired miners out of the mine ______7_____. People called this “ miracle of lives（生命中的奇迹）”. On one hand we applaud(向……鼓掌) for the efforts and hard work of the rescuers（营救人员）, we are moved by the coal miners’ strong _____8_______ to survive and we admire the care of people for these miners. But on the other hand we think the authority(有关当局) should take strong measures to prevent more of these sorts of accidents from happening. ‎ Keys: 1.E 2.G. 3. D 4. H 5. I 6. C 7. F 8. A.‎ III. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with the proper words (在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。）‎ ‎ Jack is studying in a boarding(寄宿制)school．Here is one of the letters he wrote to his parents from the school.‎ Dear Mum and Dad,‎ I’m (1)a__________ I have some bad news for you. l have been very naughty and the headmaster is very (2)a_________ with me. She is going to write to you. You must come and take me away from here．She doesn’t want me in the school any longer. The (3)t__________ started last night when 1 was smoking in bed. That was against the rules，of course. We shouldn’t smoke at all.‎ As I was smoking, I heard footsteps(4)c___________ towards the room I didn’t want a teacher to catch me ‎ smoking, so I (5)t__________ it away.‎ ‎(6)U__________，the cigarette fell into the waste—paper basket, which caught fire .The headmaster phoned “‎119”‎. By the time the firemen arrived, the whole school was on fire.‎ Many of the students were in hospital. The headmaster said it was all my fault (错误) and I had to pay for the damage．I’m very sorry about this Dear Mom and Dad, don’t worry about me. None of the above is true．But I have failed my exam. I just want you to know what worse things could have happened. I will work (7)h____________ on my lessons from now on．‎ Love Jack ‎【keys】1. afraid 2. angry 3. trouble 4.coming 5. threw 6.Unluckily／Unfortunately ‎ ‎7. harder ‎【预习思考】‎ 复习U1词汇及短语，下节课默写。‎