上海市徐汇区高考英语一模附答案解析

上海市徐汇区高考英语一模附答案解析

‎2017 学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷 高三英语 试卷 ‎（满分 140 分，考试时间 120 分钟）‎ ‎2017.12‎ 考生注意：‎ 1. 考试时间 120 分钟，试卷满分 140 分。‎ 2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。‎ 3. 答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上，在 答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名。‎ I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.‎ ‎1.‎ A. At a bank.‎ B. On the street.‎ C. At home.‎ D. In a cafe.‎ ‎2.‎ A. A concert.‎ B. A book sale.‎ C. A banquet.‎ D. An art exhibition.‎ ‎3.‎ A. 50 minutes.‎ B. 25 minutes.‎ C. An hour and a quarter.‎ D. An hour and a half.‎ ‎4.‎ A. The train will arrive on time.‎ B. The train is late due to the storm.‎ C. The woman will take the next train.‎ D. The woman has to wait for the train.‎ ‎5.‎ A. She talks too much.‎ B. She doesn’t like speaking.‎ C. She is always very frank.‎ D. She often talks loudly.‎ ‎6.‎ A. She doesn’t want to have a birthday party.‎ B. She doesn’t like the gift.‎ C. She wants to forget her birthday.‎ D. She doesn’t want to grow old.‎ 7. A. The woman doesn’t want to go out in the evening.‎ B. The film is not worth seeing at all.‎ C. The man won’t go to the movies with the woman.‎ D. The man is very tired from his work.‎ ‎8.‎ A. The summer this year is terribly hot.‎ B. Last summer was even hotter.‎ C. Hot weather helps people lose weight.‎ D. Light was stronger this morning.‎ ‎9.‎ A. He should have invited Mary.‎ B. He is doing business with Mary.‎ C. He was not a man of his word.‎ D. He didn’t want to ask Mary to the party.‎ 10. A. She would rather invite more people to come.‎ B. They prepared too much food at a previous meeting.‎ C. The family members always eat a lot.‎ 第 ‎1 页 / 共 17 页 微信公众号：上海试卷 D. They should prepare more food and drinks.‎ Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.‎ Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.‎ 11. A. She was born in a poor family.‎ B. She worked as a doctor in her early life.‎ C. She spent her whole life in London.‎ D. She decided to help the poor when she was young.‎ 12. A. Because of the poor living conditions.‎ B. Because she was sent to a settlement house.‎ C. Because of her health problem.‎ D. Because her family moved to another city.‎ 13. A. She founded the first settlement house in America.‎ B. She wrote books about the problems faced by the poor.‎ C. She introduced laws to help workers, women, and children.‎ D. She helped those who had come to America from other countries.‎ Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.‎ 14. A. They are available in different languages except Russian.‎ B. They are a range of useful desktop publishing packages.‎ C. They are not allowed to be taken out of the college.‎ D. They can help the students with their language learning.‎ ‎15.‎ A. Consult him frequently.‎ B. Use the computer regularly.‎ C. Occupy the computer early.‎ D. Print essays patiently.‎ ‎16.‎ A. Micro-computer lab service.‎ B. Facilities of a college.‎ C. The use of micro-computers.‎ D. The operating of printers.‎ Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.‎ 17. A. He is the journalist of a local newspaper.‎ B. He is a huge fan of international stories.‎ C. He is an experienced editor of a TV program.‎ D. He is an advocate for environmental protection.‎ ‎18. A. Current trends in economic development. B. Domestic issues of general social concern.‎ C. International relations and foreign policies. D. Conflicts among different political parties.‎ 19. A. Based on what the public wants to know.‎ B. By interviewing people who have stories.‎ C. By analyzing the current social problems.‎ 第 ‎2 页 / 共 17 页 D. Based on public expectations and editors’ judgment.‎ ‎20. A. First-hand stories. B. Practical experience.‎ C. Audience’s feedback. D. Educational background.‎ II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.‎ The Grasshopper in Van Gogh Painting Art conservators(管理员) dream of finding (21)_______(hide) secrets in the masterpieces they look after. Rarely do they expect to find a dead grasshopper.‎ Conservators at the Nelson-Atkins museum of art in Kansas City said they discovered the dead insect in one of its star paintings, Vincent van Gogh’s Olive Trees, when it (22)_______ (scan) as part of the research for a catalogue of its French painting collection.‎ It was spotted by Mary Schafer. She told a local broadcaster that she found it in the work’s lower foreground. “(23)_______(look) at the painting with the microscope，I came across the tiny body of a grasshopper covered in the paint, so it (24)_______ have occurred in the wet paint back in 1889.‎ ‎“We can connect it to Van Gogh painting outside, so we think of him battling the elements, dealing with the wind, the bugs, and then he’s got to walk back to his studio through the fields.‎ What’s fun is that we can come up with all these stories for (25)_______ the insect landed in the paint.”‎ Schafer said they were curious to know if the grasshopper could be studied (26)_______(far) to possibly identify which season Van Gogh painted Olive Trees.‎ Michael Engel, a professor at the University of Kansas, was approached (27)_______(examine) the grasshopper further. He discovered that part of the insect’s body was missing and there was no sign of movement in the surrounding paint. In other words, it was already dead (28)_______ it somehow landed on the artist’s wet canvas and could not be used for dating purposes.‎ Van Gogh painted Olive Trees in 1889, the year after his falling out with his friend Gauguin, (29)_______ may have led to his famous act of self-mutilation in the history of art: cutting off his own ear.‎ The grasshopper may not help in any art historical research but it has become a talking point for museum visitors, looking closely into the painting to see (30)_______ they can spot the dead insect.‎ Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.‎ 第 3 页 / 共 17 页 A. concerns B. illegal C. circulation D. recommended E. launched F. conducting G. witnessing H. innovation I. emphasized J. regulations K. criticisms Experts agree that it is becoming a growing trend that more and more consumers across the country are using cashless payment methods.‎ In fact, as early as 1988, the State Council released __(31)__ to encourage bank transfers and to reduce using cash during economic activities. Today, the move toward a cashless society could ‎“reduce the risks of using cash, save on costs and as a matter of convenience, prevent __(32)__ activities such as money laundering(洗钱),” Dong Ximiao, a research fellow at Chongyang Institute for Financial Studies at the Renmin University of China, told the Global Times.‎ But China is not the first country to seek a cashless society. Developed states like Sweden, Denmark and Singapore are also __(33)__ the increase of cashless payment. The rapid development of cashless payments does not mean there are no challenges and __(34)__.‎ Alibaba’s Hema store, where customers can shop, dine and order goods for delivery from their mobile phones, have come into the spotlight recently. Media reports said that consumers can’t purchase goods with cash there, which would be considered illegal. A Hema PR representative told the Global Times that all 13 Hema stores in the country do in fact allow consumers to pay in cash. She noted that Hema store simply __(35)__ consumers to pay via Alipay for convenience purposes.‎ Alipay and WeChat Pay, the nation’s two major third-party mobile payment tools, also __(36)__ campaigns this month to encourage more merchants and customers to use cashless payment methods. Both called for the establishment of a “cashless society”, which caused __(37)__ over whether cash will soon disappear. Dong __(38)__ that a cashless society would not mean that cash would completely disappear. “As the economy grows, the __(39)__ of cash is still very huge,” noted Dong.‎ ‎“Also, it’s important to remember that nearly half of China’s population lives in rural areas, especially in undeveloped western regions, and therefore is not able to enjoy __(40)__ brought by the Internet,” Dong said. “And when it comes to China’s senior citizens，most of them prefer to use cash in their daily life,” he added.‎ III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.‎ Eating fast food makes people impatient even when they are not short of time, a new study claims.‎ Students in the study became __(41)__ even when shown the logo of burger chain McDonald’s so quickly on screen that they could not __(42)__ it.‎ Researchers say that daily exposure to fast food brands could have a subliminal(潜意识的) effect on __(43)__, making people hurry regardless of whether they are pushed for time. They conclude: “Our experiments suggest that the __(44)__ goal of saving time embedded in fast food may have the unexpected consequence of causing hurriedness and impatience.”‎ Thinking about fast food increases __(45)__ for time-saving products. “More __(46)__, we found that the mere exposure to fast food symbols reduced people’s willingness to save and led them to prefer immediate __(47)__ over greater future return, finally harming their economic interest.”‎ Student volunteers were quickly shown six logos from fast-food chains — McDonald’s, Burger King, KFC, Subway, Wendy’s and Taco Bell. They could not consciously see what they were but the subliminal effect was __(48)__. Their reading speed was measured before and after seeing the logos and it was significantly faster afterwards. Participants also preferred time-saving products like three-in-one skincare treatments rather than __(49)__ versions after seeing the logos. When asked whether they would accept a small sum of money immediately or a larger amount in a week’s time, they again chose __(50)__ reward after being exposed to the brands.‎ Researcher Chen-Bo Zhong, assistant professor of organizational behaviour at Canada’s Toronto University, said: “Fast food represents a culture of time efficiency and immediate __(51)__.” The problem is that the goal of saving time gets activated upon exposure to fast food ‎__(52)__ whether time is a relevant factor in the context. “__(53)__, walking faster is time-efficient when one is trying to make a meeting, but it’s a sign of impatience when one is taking a walk in the park.”‎ ‎“We’re finding that the mere exposure to fast food is __(54)__ a general sense of hurriedness and impatience. When I sit in a fast food restaurant, I find myself gobbling(狼吞虎咽) my Big Mac down at this incredible speed even though there is no __(55)__ at all.”‎ ‎41.‎ A. hungry B. stressful C. anxious D. timid ‎42.‎ A. recognize B. investigate C. diagnose D. recall ‎43.‎ A. motivation B. appearance C. emotion D. behaviour ‎44.‎ A. common B. unconscious C. primary D. temporary ‎45.‎ A. preferences B. implications C. ingredients D. intentions ‎46.‎ A. naturally B. strikingly C. fortunately D. personally ‎47.‎ A. gain B. proof C. respond D. attention ‎48.‎ A. concealed B. imposed C. edited D. marked ‎49.‎ A. separate B. special C. expensive D. original ‎50.‎ A. potential B. constant C. intense D. instant ‎51.‎ A. cultivation B. resistance C. satisfaction D. awareness ‎52.‎ A. in terms of B. on account of C. regardless of D. with respect to ‎53.‎ A. In other words B. On the contrary C. For example D. In addition ‎54.‎ A. promoting B. assuming C. insulting D. assessing ‎55.‎ A. chance B. sense C. rush D. harm Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.‎ ‎(A)‎ One of the most inspiring quotes I ever heard was by Brian Tracy. He said: “The difference between successful people and unsuccessful people is that successful people fail many more times than unsuccessful people.” I personally experienced the wisdom of that understanding right after my first book was published. Like many authors, I expected hundreds of bookstore customers lining up for me to sign copies for them. I’m afraid to say, it didn’t quite happen like that.‎ My first signing was arranged at the largest bookstore in the city. Filled with anticipation, I was put into a private signing room in the beautiful store. Despite a nice sign placed outside the room exhibiting images of both me and my book, not a single customer entered the room. As each minute passed, I became increasingly anxious.‎ Do they not like the title? I wondered. Do they not like the book cover? After 90 minutes of this torture, I was absolutely distraught.‎ For the four years writing the book, I had felt a sense of mission and purpose like never before in my life. Working a full 8-hour day in my clinic, I had to get into bed by 9:30 pm every day, so I could wake up at 5:30 in the morning and have two hours of writing before heading into my clinic. Before I ever began each writing session, I would close my eyes for 10 minutes and then whisper,‎ ‎“Please grant me the words to touch just one person’s life.”‎ Now, sitting there alone at my first book signing, I wondered if my entire life wasn’t just a big joke. At that moment, just when I couldn’t feel any worse, a middle-aged couple walked into the room. I managed to hide my emotions and introduced myself and my book. There was something different about the way they were looking at me that I couldn’t quite identify. But I didn't know what else to say. The couple turned to each other, and the husband nodded to his wife. She then told me, “I think we’ll get the book.” My heart began to pound. But I realized the woman was trying to say something else.‎ ‎“The reason we’re buying it,” she said hesitantly, “is because our son committed suicide two years ago. Maybe your story will help us get over it.”‎ At that moment, I knew if I never sold another copy of the book, my four years of writing it had served its purpose. Although I would have many more challenging years until my book caught on and sold well, this couple’s story was all the motivation I needed at that point to keep me moving ahead. Thanks to them, I would come to the realization that the greatest of lives are made all in the same way: One challenge... one hurdle... one step... and one small victory at a time.‎ ‎56. The writer quotes Brian Tracy to emphasize the importance of _________.‎ A. conscience B. success C. confidence D. perseverance ‎57. The word “distraught” (paragraph 4) probably means _____.‎ A. bored and impatient B. cheerful and proud C. upset and disappointed D. miserable and ashamed 58. What can be inferred from paragraph 5?‎ A. The writer had to quit his job to make time for his writing.‎ B. The writer was not sure about the purpose of his writing at first.‎ C. The writing was completed with great self-discipline and efforts.‎ D. The process of writing the book was full of pains and frustration.‎ 59. By saying “my four years of writing it had served its purpose”, the author probably means that __________.‎ A. he had succeeded in selling his first book to the couple B. he had managed to touch someone’s life with his book C. he was quite satisfied with the feedback of his readers D. he had found someone who appreciated his writing The truth of our modern times is that you probably won’t find a student who does not use mobile applications today. Every student probably knows plenty of applications that fit his or her needs most, but there are still some mobile “helpers” no student should live without.‎ Raise — Save your money with discounted gift cards, especially with the Raise mobile app. Before you buy any back-to-school items, check the Raise app to see if there are any discounted gift cards you can buy to make your dollar go farther. Once you purchase a card, you can instantly use it online or in stores by showing the barcode on your phone — no need to worry about forgetting your gift cards at home.‎ iStudiez Pro — For college students who are attempting to successfully manage a full schedule, iStudiez Pro can help ease your transition into college courses and help you organize your class schedule and plan out your days. iStudiez Pro is the best app for students which combines tracking schedule, homework and grades with a delightful user experience.‎ SelfControl — College students are so easily distracted from the studying process! They always need to check new photos of their friends on Facebook, or share their mood with the world during a lecture. To avoid such distractions, the SelfControl application has been created: it blocks certain websites that can distract you from studying, and it does it for a set amount of time. So, when a lecture is finished, you are welcome to come back to your favorite websites again!‎ Mint — It’s an easy-to-read app that links to all your bank accounts and gives you updates on how much you’ve been spending. It also lets you know what you’ve been spending your money on by organizing your expenses into categories (You may be surprised by how much you dish out on Starbucks after using the app for a while).‎ LifeSite Vault — Parents struggle to make sure their college students have access to key personal documents and accounts, like Social Security numbers and bank account information.‎ That’s where LifeSite Vault can help. It does so by keeping important documents “safe but accessible.” For example, with LifeSite Vault, users can upload everything from their Social Security cards to passports and birth certificates or upload a picture of a medical insurance card.‎ ‎(B)‎ ‎60. The Raise mobile app is supposed to provide __________.‎ A. sales information on school supplies B. discounted gift cards for school items C. online shopping guidelines D. a barcode on your phone 61. If a college student wants to budget his finances and prevent himself from overspending, he will probably need _________.‎ A. iStudiez Pro B. SelfControl C. Mint D. LifeSite Vault 62. What is the main purpose of this passage?‎ A. To help college students increase learning efficiency.‎ B. To recommend some helpful applications to students.‎ C. To compare different types of online learning tools.‎ D. To explain how to use some modern applications.‎ ‎(C)‎ More than five million different kinds of organisms(生物体) live on the Earth. For thousands of years, humans have searched for ways to organize this diversity(多样性). In the eighteenth century, a Swedish professor, physician, and naturalist named Carolus Linnaeus developed the system of naming and classifying organisms that we use today.‎ Linnaeus contributed to the modern classification of organisms in two ways. He first developed a convention for naming life forms.‎ Before Linnaeus came up with a standardized system of naming, there were often many names for a single species, and these names tended to be long and confusing. Linnaeus decided that all species names should be in Latin and should have two parts, one indicating the genus(plural: genera), a group that includes similar species and one indicating the specific name of the species. When written alone, the specific name is meaningless since many different species in different genera have the same specific name. The specific name familiaris, for example, is commonly used to describe species. Therefore, when used by itself, it would not describe any one organism. When the genus is also given, however, as in Canis familiaris, we know that the name refers to a specific organism: the domestic dog.‎ Linnaeus was also the originator of modern taxonomy, a system of classifying nature based on hierarchical(分层的) groupings. Linnaeus first grouped life forms into three broad groups, called kingdoms. These kingdoms were animals, plants, and minerals. He divided each of these kingdoms into classes, classes into orders, orders into genera (genus is singular) and then genera into species, grouping organisms according to shared physical characteristics.‎ Although modern taxonomists still use the hierarchical structure of Linnaeus’s classification system as well as his method of grouping organisms according to observable similarities, they have added hierarchical levels and significantly changed Linnaeus’s original groupings. The broadest level of life is now a domain. All living things fit into only three domains. Within each of these domains there are kingdoms. Each kingdom contains phyla (singular is phylum), followed by class, order, family, genus, and species.‎ In addition to the Linnaean kingdoms of plants and animals, biologists recognize prokaryotes, protists, and fungi as separate kingdoms. The prokaryotes are the oldest and most abundant group of organisms. They are also the smallest cellular organisms. Common bacteria, which have been known to survive in many environments that support no other form of life, fall into this category. The protist kingdom is made up of a variety of single-celled or simple multicellular organisms. Protists do not have much in common. They are, essentially, those organisms which do not fit into any other kingdom. Fungi compose a third kingdom. Like plants, the cells of fungi have cell walls, giving them a tube-like structure. However, fungi do not produce their own carbon as plants do. Rather, they acquire nutrients by absorbing and digesting carbon produced by other organisms. Yeasts and mushrooms are examples of fungi.‎ 63. The writer gives the scientific name of the domestic dog in paragraph 3 in order to __________.‎ A. demonstrate Linnaeus’s method of classification B. introduce the need for a better system of naming organisms C. criticize the complexity of Linnaeus’s naming system D. illustrate the necessity of including two parts when naming organism 64. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?‎ A. The hierarchical structure of Linnaeus’s system for classifying is no longer in use.‎ B. Linnaeus’s original system of classification consisted of 3 domains.‎ C. Linnaeus’s original system of classification is used today with little modifications.‎ D. Modern taxonomists have added categories and regrouped organisms.‎ 65. Which of the following is TRUE about protists?‎ A. They do not share the characteristics of any of the other four kingdoms.‎ B. They are grouped together based on similar characteristics.‎ C. They are limited to single-cell organisms.‎ D. They acquire nutrients by eating other organisms.‎ 66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?‎ A. The Father of Modern Taxonomy B. Classifying Organisms C. Development in Life Forms D. Linnaeus’s Classification System Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.‎ A. Many say collecting toys creates a sense of accomplishment.‎ B. This is also why these adults are sometimes referred to as “kidults”.‎ C. But scientists are probably just worrying too much.‎ D. But this “fact” doesn’t seem to apply to today’s world anymore.‎ E. At one point in our life, we all had and loved our own toys.‎ F. Despite this, some social scientists see the trend as disturbing.‎ Staying young forever It used to be a matter of fact when Peter Pan — a character from James Matthew Barrie’s 1911 book — said: “All children, except one, grow up.” (67)________________‎ According to the NPD Group, a US market research company, sales of toys to adults in the UK increased by more than 20 percent in 2016, three times the pace of the children’s toy market itself.‎ These toys ranged from puzzles and Lego building sets to vehicle models and action figures. And more than half of the sales came from millennials — people born between the 1980s and 2000s.‎ ‎“Adults of the 21st century are channeling their inner child, one toy at a time,” commented website Koreaboo. (68)________________‎ According to Frederique Tutt, an analyst at NPD, the motivation of these grown-ups is to escape the stress of today’s fast-paced world. They are driven toward the more immediate pleasures brought by toys than those brought by, say, getting a promotion, which is far less easy to achieve. “It reminds me of the playful side of life,” Rob Willner, a 25-year-old PhD student in the UK, told The Telegraph when talking about his love for Lego, which he said brings him both comfort and entertainment.‎ ‎(69)________________ To Frank Furendi, a professor at the University of Kent in the UK, the fact that so many adults are pursuing “the thrills of youth” is the evidence that “adulthood has got nothing attractive about it anymore”, he told The New York Times. “That’s actually quite sad.”‎ ‎(70)________________ According to Canadian comic book artist Todd McFarlane, collecting toys could simply be a way for people to express their individuality. “It’s just pop culture stuff. It’s stuff that says, ‘I like a little of this and I like a little of that’,” he told ABC News. “It’s no big deal.” So now that over 100 years have passed since Peter Pan, perhaps it’s time to introduce a new “fact”, as stated in the tagline of the UK fashion brand KIDULT: “Growing old is mandatory(强制的), but growing up is optional.”‎ IV．Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.‎ We see it everywhere. A tired parent, at the end of a stressful day, loses it — and a child suffers.‎ We’d like to help if we could, but we hesitate. Is it our business to intervene(干涉)? And if we do, will we embarrass and offend the parent, making him or her even more angry with the child? Isn’t it wiser to walk past without comment? After all, none of us is a perfect parent.‎ There seems to be a common assumption in our society that intervening on behalf of a child in a public place is necessarily hurtful and critical. It needs to be neither. There is a world of difference between hurtful criticism (“How dare you treat your child like that?”) and helpful intervention done in a caring way (“It can be really hard to meet their needs when you’re so busy. Is there anything I can do to help?”) There is nothing essential in intervention that requires one to be offensive.‎ My friends and I have witnessed some really harmful acts: hitting, severe verbal abuse, hurtful comparisons to brothers and sisters, and so on. These children accept this treatment because they are too helpless and inexperienced to stand up for ‎ themselves. That emotional abuse(虐待) leaves no outward scars should not excuse us from helping these children. Those of us who can recognize damaging treatment have an obligation to step in.‎ There is one more reason for intervening that is nearly always overlooked in these discussions, but which I consider to be the most significant: the lifelong effect it can have on the child. Many adults in counseling sessions still recall with gratitude the one time that a stranger stepped in on their behalf, and how much it meant: that someone cared, and that the child’s feelings of anger and frustration were recognized and accepted. These adults have stated to me that this one intervention changed their lives and gave them hope. Are we to bypass the opportunity to make such a big difference in the life of a child?‎ V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.‎ 1. 今晚的音乐会门票已全部售罄。(sell)‎ 2. 我们若不齐心协力, 将无法战胜对手。（unless）‎ 3. 令人宽慰的是，爆炸发生时碰巧车间里没有人。(happen)‎ 4. 由于中国教育取得的巨大进步，中国已成为最受海外学生欢迎的留学目的地之一。(Due to)‎ VI. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.‎ 俗话说“万事开头难”（All things are difficult before they are easy.）。你是否同意这一说法？请用英语写一篇短文，内容包括：‎ 1. 你对这句俗语的理解；‎ 2. 结合生活中一个具体事例加以说明。注意：请勿透露本人真实姓名和学校名称。‎ 徐汇区 2017 学年第一学期学习能力诊断卷 高三英语 试卷 参考答案 I. Listening Comprehension ‎1-10 BDCDC DDADB ‎11-13 DCC ‎14-16 DBA ‎17-20 CBDB II . Grammar and Vocabulary ‎21. hidden ‎22. was being scanned 23. Looking ‎24. must ‎25. how ‎26. further ‎27. to examine ‎28. when/before ‎29. which ‎30. if/whether ‎31-40 JBGKD EAICH III. Reading Comprehension ‎41-55 CADBABADAD CCCAC ‎56-59 DCCB ‎60-62 BCB ‎63-66 DDAB 67-70 DBFC IV. Summary 参考答案（仅供阅卷老师参考）‎ People may hesitate to help when they see children abused by their parents in public because they are afraid to embarrass and offend the parent. However, intervention can be done in a non-offensive way. Since children are too young to stand up for themselves, we are obliged to intervene, which may have a lifelong effect on their future/growth. (58 words)‎ 评分标准:‎ 1. 本题总分为 10 分, 其中内容 5 分, 语言 5 分。‎ 2. 评分时应注意的主要方面: 内容要点、信息呈现的连贯性和准确性。‎ 3. 词数超过 60，酌情扣分。‎ 各档次给分要求:‎ 内容部分 A. 能准确、全面地概括文章主旨大意，并涵盖主要信息。‎ B. 能概括文章主旨大意，但遗漏部分主要信息。‎ C. 未能准确概括文章主旨大意，遗漏较多主要信息或留有过多细节信息。‎ D. 几乎不能概括文章的主旨大意，未涉及文中有意义的相关信息。‎ 语言部分 A. 能用自己的语言连贯、正确地表述。‎ B. 基本能用自己的语言正确地表述，但连贯性较差，有少量不影响表意的语言错误。‎ C. 基本能用自己的语言表述，但连贯性较差，且严重语言错误较多。‎ D. 几乎不能用自己的语言连贯、正确地表述。‎ V. Translation （15 分）‎ ‎1. Tickets for tonight’s concert have already been sold out.‎ ‎1 1 1‎ 2. We won’t be able to beat the opponents unless we work together.‎ ‎1 1 1‎ 3. To our relief, nobody happened to be in the workshop when the explosion occurred.‎ ‎1 2 1‎ 4. Due to the significant progress made in Chinese education, China has become one of the most ‎1 1 1 1‎ favored places for overseas students.‎ ‎1‎ Writing：‎ 评分标准：‎ 1. 本题总分为 25 分，其中内容 10 分，语言 10 分，组织结构 5 分。‎ 2. 评分时应注意的主要方面：内容要点，应用词汇和语法结构的数量和正确性及上下文的连贯性。‎ 3. 评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定所属档次，然后对照相应的组织结构档次给予加分。其中，内容和语言两部分相加，得 15 分或以上者，可考虑加 4-5 分，15 分以下者只能考虑加 0，1，2，3 分。‎ 4. 词数少于 70，总分最多不超过 10 分。‎ 各档次给分要求：内容部分 A. 内容充实，主题突出，详略得当。‎ B. 内容基本充实，尚能表达出作文要求。‎ C. 漏掉或未能写清楚主要内容，有些内容与主题无关。‎ D. 明显遗漏主要内容，严重离题。‎ 语言部分 A. 具有很好的语言表达能力，语法结构正确或有些小错误，主要因为使用了较复杂结构或词汇所致。句子结构多样，词汇丰富。‎ B. 语法结构和词汇方面有错误，但不影响理解。句子结构有一定的变化，词汇使用得当。‎ C. 语法结构与词汇错误较多，影响了对内容的理解。句子结构单调，词汇较贫乏。‎ D. 语法结构与词汇的错误很多，影响了对内容的理解。词不达意。‎ 组织结构部分 A. 自然地使用了语句间的连接成分，全文流畅，结构紧凑。‎ B. 能使用简单的语句间连接成分，全文内容连贯。‎ C. 尚能使用语句间连接成分，语言连贯性较差。‎ D. 缺乏语句间的连接成分，语言不连贯。‎ ‎2017 学年第一学期徐汇区学习能力诊断卷 高三英语 听力文字 I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.‎ 1. W: Oh, dear! I'm exhausted. I can’t walk any further.‎ M: Let’s go to the cafe opposite the China bank and have a rest.‎ Q: Where does this conversation most probably take place?‎ 2. W. The exhibit at this gallery is excellent.‎ M: I have heard that it contains works of art from all over the world.‎ Q: What are these people discussing?‎ 3. M: How long does it take you to drive home when there is not much traffic?‎ W: Nearly fifty minutes, but if I can’t leave my office before 5 p.m., it usually takes me 25 minutes more.‎ Q: How long does it take the woman to drive home when it is rush hour?‎ 4. M: I’m sorry, Madam. The train is behind schedule because of the fog. Take a seat and I’ll tell you as soon as we know something definite.‎ W: Thank you. I’ll just sit here and read a magazine.‎ Q: What do we learn from the conversation?‎ 5. M: How are you getting along with your new roommate, Jenny?‎ W: Oh, quite well. She’s a person who always speaks her mind.‎ Q: What does Jenny think of her new roommate?‎ 6. M: Happy birthday, Kate! This is for you.‎ W: Thank you so much, Jack. But I’d rather forget my birthday since last year I had my fortieth birthday.‎ Q: What does the woman really mean?‎ 7. W: I’d like to go to the movies this evening. Will you come with me?‎ M: Well, I’ll go if you really want me to, but I’m a little worn out from my work today.‎ Q: What conclusion can we draw from their conversation?‎ 8. M: It is so hot today. This must be the hottest summer in years.‎ W: Well, it’s certainly hotter than last summer. I was out in the sun today, and I think I’m five pounds lighter than I was this morning.‎ Q: What does the woman mean?‎ 9. M: I think Tom should invite Mary to the party.‎ W: It’s none of your business. If Tom had wanted to invite her, he would have.‎ Q: What did the woman say about Tom?‎ 10. M: Would you help me prepare some food and drinks for tomorrow’s family reunion?‎ W: Why not? Let’s be careful not to overdo it though. Last time we had enough for two such parties.‎ Q: What does the woman mean?‎ Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the longer conversation. The passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.‎ Questions 1l through13 are based on the following passage.‎ On September 6, 1860, the woman who devoted her whole life to helping the poor was born. Her name was Jane Addams. Even though Jane came from a well-to-do family, she saw the bad living conditions of the poor. As a young child, Jane had made up her mind as to what she wanted to do with her life. Jane wanted to help those people who couldn’t help themselves. She thought that the best way to help the poor was to become a doctor. Jane entered medical school, but because of poor health, she had to leave school.‎ It wasn’t until Jane visited London that she discovered how she would spend the rest of her life. In London, Jane saw a settlement house. A settlement house was a place where poor people could go for help. In 1889, Jane Addams opened the first settlement house in America. It was located in a very poor neighborhood in Chicago. The settlement house that Jane Addams founded helped those people who had come to America from other countries.‎ Jane wrote books about the problems faced by the poor. She also spoke to many people about those problems. Because she did this, new laws were passed to help workers, women, and children. Jane Addams gave hope to those who had none. When she died on May 21, 1935, Chicago’s poor lost a very dear friend. (Now listen again please.)‎ Questions:‎ 11. Which of the following can be learned about Jane Addams from the passage?‎ 12. Why did Jane leave school according to the passage?‎ 13. Which is NOT one of the contributions she made to the poor?‎ Questions14 through16 are based on the following passage.‎ Well, everybody. Welcome to our College library services. My name’s John Williams. Our resources are in three main locations: the library itself, with books and journals; the self-access language centre, with audio and video material; and the micro-computer lab. Now, we will start with the micro-computer lab, or micro-lab as we call it.‎ It is fitted with 24 personal computers. If you are a member of the library, you may borrow CALL discs in French, German, Italian, Spanish and Russian as well as English. By the way, CALL, C A double L, stands for computer aided language ‎ learning. You may also borrow a range of word processing and desktop publishing packages. All disks are, of course, strictly for use in the micro-lab only.‎ If you wish to print anything you should use one of the five machines around the outside of the room. There is always a long queue towards the end of term. Come in and get to know how to use the computers early in the term and use them regularly, rather than just before exams and essay deadlines, in order to avoid delay or disappointment. Training sessions are held on a regular basis, on the first and third Thursday of each month, and are free to full-time students of the college. See you there. Now, any questions? (Now listen again please.)‎ Questions:‎ 14. What did the speaker say about the CALL discs in the college library?‎ 15. What does the speaker suggest the students do during the term?‎ 16. What does the speaker mainly talk about?‎ Questions17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.‎ W: So, you’re the editor of this TV program. May I ask a few questions about your program?‎ M: Sure.‎ W: What kind of topics does your program cover?‎ M: Well, there are essentially domestic stories. We don’t cover international stories. We don’t cover party politics or economics. We do issues of general social concern to our audience. They can be anything from the future of the health service to the way the environment is going downhill.‎ W: How do you choose the topic? Do you choose one because it’s what the public wants to know about or because it’s what you feel the public ought to know about?‎ M: I think it’s a mixture of both. Sometimes you have a strong feeling that something is important and you want to see it examined and you want to contribute to a public debate. Sometimes people come to you with things they are worried about and those things can be quite small, like advertising junk food to children or wage inequality at work.‎ W: How do you know that you’ve got a really successful program? One that is just right for the time?‎ M: I think you get a sense about it after working in it for a number of years. You know which stories are going to get the attention. They are going to be published just the point when the public are concerned about that. (Now listen again please.)‎ Questions:‎ 17. What can be learned about the man?‎ 18. What kind of topics does the TV program cover?‎ 19. How does the TV program choose its topics?‎ 20. What factor plays an important role in running a successful program according to the man?‎