中考英语毕节总复习语法专题讲义专题9 非谓语动词

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中考英语毕节总复习语法专题讲义专题9 非谓语动词

专题九 非谓语动词 毕节五年中考命题规律及趋势 近五年毕节中考考情分析 ‎2019年毕节中考命题预测 年份 考查角度 考查重点 题号 分值 预计2019年毕节中考非谓语动词仍是高频考点,倾向于考查非谓语动词的具体用法,主要以单项填空、完形填空、短文改错的形式出现,考查的小题数约3—4道。‎ ‎2019‎ 非谓语动词的用法 考查It is+adj.+for sb.to do sth.的用法 ‎23‎ ‎1‎ ‎2019‎ 非谓语动词的用法 考查ask sb.to do sth.的用法 ‎25‎ ‎ 1‎ ‎2019‎ ‎/‎ ‎/‎ ‎/‎ ‎/‎ ‎2019‎ 非谓语动词的用法 考查forget to do sth.的用法 ‎28‎ ‎ 1‎ ‎2019‎ 非谓语动词的用法 考查sth. to drink的用法 ‎29‎ ‎1‎ 考查spend time (in) doing sth.的用法 ‎30‎ ‎1‎ 毕节中考考点突破 ‎ 动词不定式 ‎1.作主语 To do sports is healthy.做运动是健康的。‎ 注意:作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。‎ ‎2.作表语 ‎ His dream is to be an artist.他的梦想是成为一名艺术家。‎ ‎3.作宾语 I'd like to help homeless people.我想要帮助无家可归的人们。‎ 常见的这类动词不定式做宾语的有:want,like,would like,love,prefer,hope,wish,try,ask,start,begin,learn,agree,forget,remember,need,decide,choose,afford,help,mean,order,plan,wish,expect,forget,hope,try,agree,promise,manage,volunteer,pretend等。‎ 注意:(1)begin和start后可以接to do,也可接doing,意思基本相同;‎ ‎(2)forget to do表示忘记还没有做的事情;forget doing表示忘记已经做过的事情;‎ ‎(3)remember to do表示记得将要去做某事;remember doing表示记得做过的事情;‎ ‎(4)like,love,prefer 接to do 表示短暂性动作,接doing时表示经常性或习惯性动作;‎ ‎(5)stop to do 表示停下来去做另一件事;stop doing 表示停止正在做的事;‎ ‎(6)need to do表示需要去做某事(主动含义);need doing需要做某事(被动含义)。‎ ‎4.作宾补 ‎ You could ask the director of hospital to let you visit the kids and cheer them up.你可以要求医院的院长让你去看望并鼓励孩子们。‎ 不定式做宾补,不定式的动作是宾语发出的,而不是主语发出的。常见的跟不定式作宾补的动词有以下:‎ want,ask,need,teach,tell,invite,order,allow,force,advise,persuade,would like。‎ 注意:(1)感官动词后既可接不带to的不定式,也可接现在分词;接不定式时指“(看到、听到、见到)全过程”,接现在分词时指“瞬间动作”。这种用法常见的感官动词有see,hear,watch,notice,feel等。如:‎ I heard the girl singing in the next room.我听到那个女孩正在隔壁房间里唱歌。‎ I always hear the girl sing in the next room.我经常听到那个女孩在隔壁房间里唱歌。‎ ‎(2)在使役动词make,let,have后跟不带to的动词不定式作宾补。如:‎ My mom often lets me help her clean the house.我妈妈经常让我帮她打扫房间。‎ ‎5.作定语 动词不定式作定语时,被修饰的名词为它的逻辑宾语。如果动词不定式是不及物动词时,要带上必要的介词。 如:‎ He has no place to live in.他没有地方可以居住了。‎ ‎6.作状语 主要作目的状语,也可作结果状语和原因状语。动词不定式的动作是主语发出的。如:‎ She volunteers there once a week to help kids learn to read.她每周去那做一次志愿活动,教孩子们阅读。(作目的状语)‎ Paul is too excited to say anything.保罗太兴奋了,以至于他什么都说不出。(作结果状语)‎ I am sorry to hear that your mother was ill in hospital.听说你妈妈生病住院了,我很难过。(作原因状语)‎ ‎7.动词不定式的特殊句型 ‎(1)too…to…表示“太……而不能……”。如:‎ The boy is too young to look after himself.那个男孩太小不能照顾自己。‎ ‎(2)…enough to…表示“……足够……”。如:‎ He is old enough to go to school.他到了上学的年龄了。‎ ‎(3)Why don't you+不带to的不定式?=Why not+不带to的不定式?如:‎ Why don't you get her a camera?=Why not get her a camera?为什么不给她买个照相机呢?‎ ‎(4)had better+(not+)不带to的不定式。如:‎ You'd better not stay there today.你今天最好别待在那儿。‎ ‎(5)prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.“宁愿做某事而不愿做某事”。如:‎ She prefers to receive a small meaningful gift rather than receive a lot of money.她宁愿收到一份有意义的小礼物也不愿收到一大笔钱。‎ 单项填空。‎ ‎( A )(2019黔西南中考)Parents should always tell their kids ______ with strangers.‎ A.not to talk B.not talking C.to not talk D.not talk ‎ 分词 分词分为现在分词和过去分词。‎ ‎1.现在分词 ‎(1)现在分词作定语,可放在被修饰的名词之前或之后。如:‎ The boy standing under the tree is handsome.站在树下的男孩很英俊。‎ ‎(2)现在分词作伴随状语。如:‎ The girl came in the room,carrying a bunch of flowers.这个女孩带着一束花进了房间。‎ ‎2.过去分词 ‎(1)做定语。如:‎ I know the girl called Mary.我认识这个名叫玛丽的女孩。‎ ‎(2)作表语。如:‎ His car is broken.他的车坏了。‎ ‎(3)作宾补:have sth.+done表示使某事被做。如:‎ Mr.Smith had his hair cut.史密斯先生剪头发了。‎ 单项填空。‎ ‎( C )1.(2019南京中考)Some people enjoy ______ out their messages in bottles when they travel on the sea.‎ A.to send     B.send C.sending D.sent ‎( D )2.(2019毕节二模)Dave is a good boy and he always finishes ______ his homework on time.‎ A.do B.to do C.does D.doing 毕节中考题例及解析 单项填空。‎ ‎(   )1.(2019毕节中考)It's very important for us ______ English well.‎ A.learn B.learns C.to learn D.learning ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:对我们来说,学好英语是很重要的。固定句型:It is+adj.+for sb.to do sth.意为“对某人来说做某事是……”,故选C。‎ ‎(   )2.(2019毕节中考)My parents always ask me ______ more vegetables and fruit.‎ A.eat B.eating C.to eat D.eats ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:我父母经常让我多吃蔬菜和水果。固定搭配:ask sb.to do sth.意为“要求某人做某事”,故选C。‎ ‎(   )3.(2019毕节中考)Don't forget ______ thanks when other people help you.‎ A.accept B.to accept C.say D.to say ‎【解析】考查语境理解及非谓语动词的用法。句意:当别人帮助你的时候,不要忘了说谢谢。accept接受,不符合句意,A、B两项排除;固定搭配:forget to do sth.意为“忘记去做某事”,根据题意应用动词不定式,故选D。‎ ‎(   )4.(2019毕节中考)—Would you like something______.‎ ‎—Yes,I'd like some______.‎ A.drink;orange B.to drink;orange C.to eat;orange D.eat;oranges ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:——你想要喝点什么吗?——是的,我想要一些橙汁。Would you like sth.后面接动词不定式,所以排除A和D;orange作“橙汁”讲时,为不可数名词,故选B。‎ ‎(   )5.(2019毕节中考)Most students spend too much time ______ computer games.‎ A.playing B.play C.plays D.played ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:大多数学生花太多的时间玩电脑游戏。固定搭配:spend time (in) doing sth.意为“花时间做某事”,故选A。‎ 考 点 抢 测 ‎ 动词不定式 单项填空。‎ ‎( D )1.(2019南充中考)—Have you ever read the traditional story Yu Gong Moves a Mountain?‎ ‎—Yes,our teacher often advises us ______ more meaningful traditional books.‎ A.reading B.reads C.read D.to read ‎( C )2.(2019重庆中考B卷)Their parents don't allow them ______ in the river because it's really dangerous.‎ A.swim B.swimming C.to swim D.swam ‎( A )3.(2019孝感中考)Attention,please! Without permission,children are not allowed ______ alone here.‎ A.to swim B.swimming C.swim D.swam ‎( B )4.(2019安顺中考)—You should do what you can ______ your English,Li Ming.‎ ‎—OK,I will.Thank you,Ms.Hu.‎ A.improve B.to improve C.improving D.improved ‎ 分词 ‎( B )1.(2019黔西南中考)Please stop ______ and go out for a walk.Remember ______ warm clothes.‎ A.to study;wearing B.studying;to wear C.to study;to wear D.studying;wearing ‎( B )2.(2019襄阳中考)The traffic is terribly busy in the morning.You'd better avoid ______ in the center of the city.‎ A.drive B.driving C.to drive D.driven ‎( D )3.(2019达州中考)—Jack,remember ______ off the lights when ______ your bedroom.‎ ‎—OK,I won't forget,Mom.‎ A.turning;leaving B.to turn;leave C.turning;left D.to turn;leaving ‎( D )4.(2019上海中考)Sue practices ______ the violin hard and often gives wonderful performances.‎ A.play B.played C.to play D.playing
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