高考英语复习语法专题之定语从句精讲

高考英语复习语法专题之定语从句精讲

高考英语复习语法专题之定语从句经典精讲 一．单项选择 1.All the neighbors admire this family, ________ the parents are treating their child like a friend. A. why B. where C. which D. that 2.Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers ________ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. A. where B. when C. who D. Which 3.Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _______ the audience can buy ice-cream. A. when B. where C. that D. which 4.In a sports team each player has a clear role, and there are few occasions members are confused or uncertain of their roles. A. which B. that C. when D. how 5.The Black Friday after Thanksgiving Day is the busiest day of the holiday shopping season, _______ shoppers line up hours before stores open to get the best deals. A. which B. where C. when D. That 6.Mr Liu wants to talk to the students _______ homework has not been handed in. A. of whom B. of which C. of whom the D. of which the 7.He is such a good teacher ________ every student likes very much. A. who B. that C. as D. whose 8.He is such a good teacher ________ every student likes him very much. A. as B. that C. whom D. which 9.I gave that boy so difficult a math problem ________ he couldn’t work out. A. which B. that C. as D. when 10.I gave that boy so difficult a math problem ________ he couldn’t work it out. A. as B. which C. that D. When 11.________is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress. A. that B. as C. what D. which 12.The Beatles,________ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool. A. what B. that C. which D. as 13.He is one of the teachers who_______ French in our school. A. are knowing B. is knowing C. knows D. know 14.He is the only one of the teachers who_______ French in our school. A. are knowing B. is knowing C. knows D. know 15.Our chemistry teacher announced that he would do the experiment in a different way _______we might find interesting. A. which B. in which C. in that D. whom 16.The engineer the workers are fond of _______a machine at the moment. A .repairing B. repaired C. is repairing D. repairs 17.It was in the museum _______I saw the young man. A. / B. that C. in which D. where 18.It was the museum _______ I saw the young man. A. that B. / C. on which D. where 19.Because of the financial crisis, days are gone local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. A. if B. when C. which D. since 20.For many cities in the world，there is no room to spread out further, New York is an example. A. for which B. in which C. of which D. from which 21.I’ll give you my friend’s home address, ________ I can be reached most evenings. A. which B. when C. where D. whom 22.Whenever I met her, _______ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. A. who B. which C. when D. that 23.The news spread quickly through the village _____ the war had ended, ______ made villagers wild with joy. A. which; that B. that; what C. that; which D. what; which 24.“You’ll have to wait for two hours, ______is, at about 11:30, ______ the medical report will come out, ” the doctor said to me. A. that; when B. which; that C. that; which D. it; whose 25.China’s new food law provides for a food recall (召回) system ______ producers have to stop production if their food isn’t up to standards. A. when B. on which C. where D. which 26.When you come to China you can’t help noticing a “can-do” attitude and a general sense that this is a society ______ is looking ahead. A. where B. as C. who D. that 27.Is this factory _______ you visited last week? A. where B. that C. the one D. of which 28.Is this the factory _______ you worked last week? A. where B. that C. the one D. of which 29.On the second floor there are two rooms，________is used as a meeting room. A．the larger of which B．one of them C．the larger one of that D．the largest of which 30.These old pictures bring to their mind the college days________they spent together， ________life was hard but happy。 A．when；whose B．which；whose C．which；when D．when；which 31.Everyone will go through life's stages of ups and downs，________self­respect plays a key role in the maturity of a person. A.when B．which C．as D．That 32.Every summer，the beautiful town welcomes top buskers，or street performers，______ they're called，from all over the world. A．as B．that C．which D．what 33.English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, ________ uses it differently. A. all of which B. each of which C. all of them D. each of them 34.Until now, we have raised 50 000 pounds for the poor children, ________ is quite unexpected. A. that B. which C. who D. It 35.Care of the soul is a gradual process ________ even the small details of life should be considered. A. what B. in what C. which D. in which 36.When deeply absorbed in work, ________ he often was, he would forget all about eating or sleeping. A. that B. which C. where D. when 37.Maria has written two novels, both of ________ have been made into television series. A. them B. that C. which D. what 38.Maria has written two novels，and both of ________ have been made into television series. A．them B．that C．which D．what 39.We live in an age ________ more information is available with greater ease than ever before. A. why B. when C. to whom D. on which 40.In June 2000, Hanks was offered a scholarship to study in New York City__________ he could have supported his family, but he refused it. A. by which B. through which C. with which D. in which 41.The sides of the Iran nuclear negotiation reached a key point, the result of ________ would have a great influence on the world peace. A. that B. which C. whom D. them 42.It is such a good place everybody wants to go and visit it is well known all over the world. A. that; that B. as; as C. as; that D. that; as 43.Parents should pay attention to the cases __________ their children have difficulty adapting to new surroundings. A. where B. as C. why D. when 44.Today is my grandfather’s 100th birthday，an occasion ________ we are going to celebrate with all the family and a few friends in for the evening. A．who　　B．which C．where　　 D．when 45.Love was a magnificent building________I built on the foundation of friendship，which took time to blossom. A．where　　B．which C．/　　　 D．that 46.American students take part in a wide variety of after-school activities________they develop their social skills. A．where　 B．which C．that　　　D．What 47.Naturally a smile ________ the eyes participate is extremely communicative. A. to which　 B. in which　 C. at which　 D. with which 48. I don't like any humor in this serious speech because I can't think of any circumstance ________ this would be beneficial or useful. A. which B. whether C. where D. as 49.The following original editions of discs are imported from Hong Kong and Taiwan ， ________prices include the transportation costs. A．what B．which C．where D．Whose 50.A housing bubble is an economic situation ________ occurs when house prices rise much too fast. A．which B．where C．what D．Why 二．单句改错 1．He stood on the top of the hill,from which he could see the whole village. 2．The whole city, 75% of its factories and buildings were gone, lay in ruins. 3．Can you think of some cases in that drivers obviously knew the traffic rules but didn't obey them? 4．There are two lakes, where cover nearly one thousand square kilometers. 5．The yellow house which windows face south is the place where I spent my childhood. 6．Everyone has periods in their lives that everything seems very hard. 7．John once talked to his mom about the people and cities which he had visited abroad. 8．He lives in a big house,in front of which a tall apple tree stands. 9．The couple will fly to France for their honeymoon on their first stop, which they plan to stay for three days. 10．I gave that boy so difficult a math problem which he couldn't work out. 三．语法单句填空 1．The Gate of Fortune, from ________ top visitors can enjoy a wonderful sea view, will attract lots of tourists. 2．At the end of the joke she gave a horse laugh ________ could be heard a street away. 3．—We were surprised to hear that the reason ________ she gave for her absence was ________ her mother was ill. —Yes, we saw her mother was at the supermarket that morning. 4．In our class there are 46 students of ________ half wear glasses. 5．Life is like an onion, ________ sometimes makes you weep when you try to open it. 6 ． Parents should pay attention to the cases ________ their children have difficulty ________(adapt) to new surroundings. 7．What the separatists did on Mar. 1st in Kunming was extremely violent, ________ will only add to the importance the country attaches to the unity of all ethnic groups. 8.—When did he come back last night? —It was at 8 o'clock ________ I was watching a documentary on TV. 9．I'll ask the teacher about the subjunctive mood ________ I'm very puzzled about; and that's also ________ most of our classmates have doubt. 10．Lee Min­ho, ________ music and films are loved by many teenagers, was invited to perform in the 2014 Spring Festival Gala. 11．Now their relationship has reached a stage ________ one would do anything for the other. 12．The Charles Dickens Museum in Doughty Street is the only one of his London homes to survive, ________ he wrote Oliver Twist. 13．Sixty­six Chinese athletes attended the 2014 Winter Olympics, three ________ whom won gold medals. 14．Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer ________ it was 20 years ago, ________ it was so poorly equipped. 15．A lot of language learning, ________ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so parents should talk much to their children during that period. 一．单项选择 1.B 详解：句意为：所有的邻居都对这个家庭赞赏不已，在这个家庭里，父母对待他们的孩 子就像对待朋友一样。先行词 family 后跟非限制性定语从句，此处缺少地点状语 in this family，故用 where。 2.A 详解：________ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law 为定语从句，其先 行词是前面的 cases。空白处缺少地点状语 in the cases，所以选 where。 3.A 详解：_______ the audience can buy ice-cream 是定语从句，其先行词为 interval。因为从 句缺少时间状语 in the interval，所以选 when。 4.C 详解： members are confused or uncertain of their roles 是定语从句，其先行词为 occasions。因为定语从句缺少时间状语，所以选 when。 5.C 详解：_______ shoppers line up hours before stores open to get the best deals 是定语从句， 其先行词为 the busiest day。因为从句缺少时间状语 on the busiest day, 所以选 when。 6.C 详解：_______ homework has not been handed in 是定语从句，其先行词为 students。 students 与 homework 之间是所属关系，所以选 of whom the。whose homework =of whom the homework= the homework of whom。 7.C 详解：such……… as 是固定用法, 意为“像…….那样的，像…….这类的”，as 引导定语 从句时，可以作主语，宾语或表语；such…that 也是固定用法，意为“如此…….以至于”，that 引导结果状语从句，在从句中不作成分。这里 likes 缺宾语，所以选 as。 8.B 详解：such……… as 是固定用法, 意为“像…….那样的，像…….这类的”，as 引导定语 从句时，可以作主语，宾语或表语；such…that 也是固定用法，意为“如此…….以至于”，that 引导结果状语从句，在从句中不作成分。这里 likes 后有宾语 him ，所以选 that。 9.C 详解：so…as 是固定用法, 意为“如此…….的”，as 引导定语从句时，可以作主语，宾 语或表语。这里 work out 是及物动词，缺宾语，所以选 as。 10.C 详解：so…that 也是固定用法，意为“如此…….以至于”，that 引导结果状语从句，在 从句中不作成分。这里 work out 中间有宾语 it，所以选 that。 11.B 详解：________is reported in the newspapers 是非限制性定语从句。关系代词做主语， 指代整个主句的内容，所以只有 as 和 which 可以选择，但是从句在主句前而且关系词具有 “正如”的意思，所以选 as。 12.D 详解：________ many of you are old enough to remember 是非限制性定语从句。关系词 做主语，指代整个主句的内容，所以只有 as 和 which 可以选择，但是从句位于主句中间， 所以选 as。 13.D 详解：定语从句“who_______ French in our school”的先行词为 teachers，从句谓语应 用复数，而且 know 不能用于进行时，所以选 know。 14.C 详解：定语从句“who_______ French in our school”的先行词为 one，从句谓语应用单 数，而且 know 不能用于进行时，所以选 knows。 15.A 详解：此处先行词 way 在定语从句中作 find 的宾语，故用 which。 16.C 详解：分析句子结构可知，the workers are fond of 是定语从句，其先行词为 engineer。 that/who/whom 作 are fond of 的宾语，被省略了；空格处做主句的谓语，根据时间状语 at the moment 可知，应用现在进行时。 17.B 详解：本题干是强调句型，in the museum 是被强调的部分，所以引导词用 that。 18.D 详解：museum 是先行词，其后是定语从句。从句缺少地点状语，所以应用 where 或 in which。 19.B 详解：gone 后面是定语从句，其先行词为 days。从句缺少时间状语，所以选 when。句 意：由于金融危机，当地五星级酒店一晚收费 6000 元的日子不复存在了。 20.C 详解： New York is an example 是非限制性定语从句，其先行词为 many cities。 定语从句和先行词可以连成 of many cities New York is an example. of 意为“……之中的”， 表示整体与部分的关系。句意：对于世界上许多城市来说，没有可以进一步延展的空间，其 中纽约是一个例子。 21.C 详解：________ I can be reached most evenings 是定语从句，其先行词为 home address。 从句中缺少地点状语，所以选 where。 22.B 详解：_______ was fairly often 是非限制性定语从句。关系词做主语，指代前面整个主 句 Whenever I met her，故用 which。 23.C 详解：_____ the war had ended 为同位语从句，解释说明 news 的内容。因为从句不缺分 而且句意完整，所以第一个空应填 that; ______ made villagers wild with joy 是非限制性定语 从句。关系词做主语，指代前面整个主句 The news spread quickly through the village _____ the war had ended 的内容，所以第二空填 which。 24.A 详解：that is 是插入语，用来对上文进行解释说明，所以第一个空填 that; ______ the medical report will come out 是非限制性定语从句, 其现行词为 about 11:30，在从句中作时间 状语，所以第二空填 when。 25.C 详解：______ producers have to stop production if their food isn’t up to standards 是定语 从句，其先行词为 system。从句中缺少地点状语，所以选 where。这里 where=in which。 26.D 详解：_____is looking ahead 是定语从句，其先行词为 society。从句中缺主语，所以选 that。 27.C 详解：_______you visited last week 是定语从句，其先行词为 the one。从句缺宾语，应 用 that，而且 that 可以省略，所以空格处填 the one 就可以了。句意：这家工厂是你们上周 参观的那家工厂吗？ 28.A 详解：_______ you worked last week 是定语从句，其先行词为 factory。从句缺少地点状 语，所以选 where。句意：这是你们上周工作的那家工厂吗？ 29.答案 A [句意：在二楼有两个房间，其中较大的那个被用作会议室。句中没有连接词， 可知逗号后为定语从句，the larger of which＝and the larger of them＝and the larger of two rooms。B 项变为 and one of them 才正确；定语从句中，若介词置于引导词前，则不能用 that 而用 which，所以 C 项也不正确。] 30.答案 C [句意：这些旧照片把他们的思绪带回了他们一起度过的大学时光，那时生活艰 苦但愉快。此题考查 the college days 为先行词的两个定语从句，第一空：which 在从句中作 spent 的宾语；第二空：when 在定语从句中作状语，将其代入后为：In the college days life was hard but happy。] 31.答案 A [考查定语从句。句意：每个人都将经历人生的浮沉阶段，其间，自尊在一个人 的成熟过程中起着关键作用。根据句意可知，后半句是定语从句，when 在从句中作状语。] 32.答案 A [句意：每年夏天，这座美丽的城镇欢迎来自世界各地的优秀街头艺人，或如人 们所称呼的那样，叫做街头表演者。as 正如，符合句意。] 33.B 解析　考查定语从句与主谓一致。句意为：英语是被几个不同文化共享的一种语言， 而每种文化对英语的使用都不尽相同。根据题干结构可知，后半句为非限制性定语从句；同 时根据从句谓语“uses”可知，主语应是单数形式。故选 B，which 引导的非限制性定语从 句，先行词为“several diverse cultures”。 34.B 解析　考查定语从句。句意为：截止到现在，我们已经为贫困儿童筹集了 50 000 英镑， 这很出乎意料。which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个句子的内容，并在从句中作主 语，可译为“这件事”。注意：that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。故选 B。 35.D 解析　考查定语从句。句意为：对心灵的爱护是一个循序渐进的过程，在这个过程中， 甚至生活中很小的细节都应该被关注。分析题干可知，空格处引导的定语从句修饰先行词 process，process 在从句中作地点状语，故用 in which 引导，相当于 where。 36.B 解析　考查定语从句。句意为：当沉浸于工作时，他经常会忘记吃饭或睡觉。分析句 式结构可知，which 引导的非限制性定语从句是用来修饰主句 he would forget all about eating and sleeping，而主句中又含有一个 when 引导的时间状语从句。故答案选 B。 37.C 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，本句为一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为 two novels，且从句中缺少介词 of 的宾语，所以用关系代词 which 引导。 38.A 与原题相比，本题题干添加了一个连词 and，也就是说，现在题干是一个并列句，空格 处代替上一句指物的复数名词，且作介词 of 的宾语，所以用代词 they 的宾格 them。故选 A。 39.B 解析　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，本句为一个定语从句，先行词是 an age，且 此先行词在定语从句中作时间状语，故应用关系副词 when 引导，所以选 B 项。 40.C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在 2000 年 6 月，汉克斯被提供给在纽约学习的奖学金， 用这些奖学金他本可以去扶持他的家庭，但是他却拒绝了。在这个定语从句中，根据先行词 scholarship 可知搭配介词应该是 with，意思是“用奖学金”，所以选 C 项。 41.B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：伊朗核武器多边谈判已经到了一个关键点上，谈判的结 果将会对世界和平产生巨大的影响。先行词为“negotiation”，所填的词又要作介词“of”的 宾语，故只能用关系代词“which”。The result of which=of which the result=whose result。 42.C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这是一个每个人都想去的地方，以至于众所周知。 Such ..that 如此以至于。而 such a good place 跟着一个定语从句，先行词中有 such 故用 as 引导。故选 C 项。 43.A【解析】考查定语从句。句意：父母应该注意这样的情况，孩子们对适应新的环境有困 难。先行词是 the cases，定语从句中缺少地点状语，用 where 引导定语从句，选 A 项。 44.B 解析：考查定语从句。句意：今天是我爷爷的一百岁生日，晚上我们全家会和几个朋 友聚在一起庆祝这个日子。本句中的先行词为 occasion，在定语从句中作 celebrate 的宾语， 所以用关系代词 which 引导。 45.BCD 解析：考查定语从句。句意：爱是我建立在友谊的基础上的壮丽的房子，这需要时 间才能绽放。先行词 building 在从句中作 built 的宾语，所以关系代词可以用 which/that 或不 填。 46.A 解析：考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词 activities，且空处在句中作地 点状语，所以用 where 引导。 47.B【解析】 句意：自然地，有眼神参与的微笑是一种极好的交流方式。定语从句的先行 词是 smile，participate 是不及物动词，后跟宾语时要接介词 in。 48.C 解析】 从结构判断此处是 circumstance 后的定语从句，排除 B 项；而从句中主干完整， 应该用关系副词，which 和 as 是关系代词，故选 C 项。 49.D 解析　本题定语从句的先行词是 original editions of discs，在定语从句中关系代词 whose 指代先行词，放在名词 prices 的前面做定语。句意：下面的磁盘的最初版是从香港和 台湾来的，它们的价格包括了运输的费用。A 项不能引导定语从句，B、C 两项在定语从句 中通常不做定语。故 D 正确。 50.A 解析　考查定语从句。句意：房产泡沫是一个经济形势，这种形式发生在房价上涨太 快的时候。本题定语从句的先行词是 an economic situation，后面的定语从句中缺少主语，故 使用 which 指代先行词，在句中做主语。B、D 只能在定语从句做状语。what 不能引导定语 从句。故选 A 项。 二．单句改错 1．答案　when 改为 where 2．答案　its 改为 whose 3．答案　that 改为 which 4．答案　where 改为 which 5．答案　which 改为 whose 6．答案　that 改为 when 或 during which 7．答案　which 改为 that 8．答案　which 改为 who 9．答案　which 改为 where 或在其前加 in 10．答案　which 改为 as 三．语法单句填空 1．答案：whose　句意为：从富贵门之上远远眺望，旅游者可以享受完美的海景，这将会 吸引大批的旅游者。关系代词 whose 作定语修饰 top。 2．答案：that/which　句意为：讲完笑话之后，她发出像马一样的笑声，一个街区外都能听 到。先行词为 laugh，且在从句中充当主语，应用 that 或 which。 3．答案：that/which；that　句意为：——我们很惊讶地听到她为她的缺席给出的原因是她 妈妈病了。——是的，我们今早在超级市场看见她妈了。the reason 作先行词，且关系词在 从句中充当 give 的宾语，故填 that/which；第二空考查 the reason... is that 这一常用句型，that 引导表语从句。 4．答案：whom　句意为：我们班级有 46 名学生，其中一半都戴眼镜。whom 引导的非限 制性定语从句，充当 of 的宾语。 5．答案：which　句意为：生活就像洋葱，当你试图打开它时，它会让你流泪。which 引导 非限制性定语从句，并在从句中充当主语。 6．答案：where; (in)adapting　句意为：父母应该关注孩子们对适应周围环境有困难这件事。 句型 have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难。case 作先行词引导定语从句时，若从句中不 缺主语和宾语，一般用关系副词 where。 7．答案：which　句意为：3 月 1 日分裂分子在昆明的所作所为相当暴力，这只会让国家更 重视强化各民族团结。which 引导非限制性定语从句且在从句中充当主语。 8.答案：when　分析句式结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，句中先行词为 8 o'clock，在定语 从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词 when。句意为：——昨晚他什么时候回来的？——8 点 钟，当时我正在看一部电视纪录片。 9．答案：that/which; where　句意为：我会向老师询问让我非常困惑的虚拟语气，这也是我 们大部分同学疑惑的地方。第一空引导定语从句，先行词为 the subjunctive mood，在从句中 充当 about 的宾语，关系词用 that/which。第二空引导表语从句，where 在表语从句中充当地 点状语。 10．答案：whose　句意为：李敏镐的音乐和电影被许多年轻人喜欢，他被邀请在 2014 年 的春晚上表演。whose 引导定语从句，修饰 music and films。 11．答案：where　句意为：现在他们的关系已经到达了可以为对方做任何事的阶段。stage 作先行词，且从句中不缺主语和宾语，关系词用 where，在从句中充当地点状语。 12．答案：where　句意为：位于道蒂街的查尔斯·狄更斯博物馆是他在伦敦仅存的住处， 他在那儿写了《雾都孤儿》。where 引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中充当地点状语。 13．答案：of　句意为：66 名中国运动员参加了 2014 冬季奥运会，其中三人获得金牌。关 系词引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为 athletes，指人。 14．答案：what; when　句意为：学校发生了巨大的改变，不再像二十年前一样缺乏设备。 第一空考查表语从句引导词，在从句中充当表语，用 what。第二空考查定语从句引导词， 先行词为 20 years ago，且关系词在从句中充当时间状语，应用 when。 15.答案：as　句意为：根据研究表明，大部分语言的学习都发生在新生命的第一年，所以 父母们在那个时期要多多和他们的孩子谈话。as 可以引导非限制性定语从句，as 引导的从 句位置比较灵活，可以放在句首、句中或句尾，故本题用 as，指代 a lot of language learning is happening in the first year of life。