2019届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit2Workingtheland单元学案（60页word版）

2019届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit2Workingtheland单元学案（60页word版）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修四Unit 2 Working the land单元学案 一、语言要点 I单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）‎ 词汇 部分 词语 辨析 ‎1. expand / extend / spread / stretch ‎ ‎2. occupation / job / work / employment / career / profession 词形 变化 ‎1. hunger n.[u] 饥饿；欲望 hungry adj. 饥饿的 ‎2. expand v.使变大；伸展 expansion n.[u,c]扩大；扩展 ‎3. satisfy vt. 使某人满意 达到要求；满足需要 satisfied adj. 对……‎ 表示满意 satisfactory/sarisfying adj. 令人满意的 satisfaction n. 满意 ‎4. free adj.&adv.自由的(地)‎ 免费的(地) vt. 解放 ‎ freedom n.自由 ‎5. equip vt.&vi. 配备；装备 equipment n.[u] 装备；设备 ‎6. discover vt.发现，找到 discovery n.被发现的事物，发现 discoverer n. 发现者 重点 单词 ‎ ‎1. struggle vi.&n.斗争；拼搏；努力 ‎ ‎2. equip vt.&vi. 配备；装备 ‎ ‎3. regret (regretted) vt. (对……)遗憾；惋惜 n.[c,u] 遗憾；惋惜 ‎4. reduce vt.&vi. 减少；减缩 ‎ ‎5. focus vt.&vi. 集中(注意力)；聚焦 n.[c,u] 焦点；中心点 ‎6. comment vi.&vt. 表达意见；作出评论 n.[c,u] 评论；议论 重点 词组 ‎1. thanks to 幸亏；由于；因为 (有时作反语)‎ ‎2. rid sb./sth. of 使某人某物摆脱 ‎3. be satisfied with 对……表示满足或满意 ‎4. would rather 宁愿……‎ ‎5. build up 逐渐建立；逐渐增强体质；积累；开发 ‎6. lead to 导致；造成（后果）；通往 ‎7. keep...free from/of 使……免受(影响/伤害)；使……不含(有害物) ‎ 重点句子 ‎1. In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.‎ ‎2. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce ‎ one-third more of the crop in the same fields.‎ 重点语法 V-ing 的基本用法（见语法部分）‎ II 词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) ‎ ‎1. expand / extend / spread / stretch ‎【解释】 ‎ expand指向四面八方的扩大扩张 extend 强调向某一方向的延长 spread 指消息，疾病，瘟疫等的传播、蔓延，也指把某物铺开，把胳膊张开 stretch 指手掌，手臂，腰，腿，颈由曲变直，由短变长的伸展或伸出，多与out连用 ‎ ‎【练习】用expand，extend，spread，stretch的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1). The man _______ the information around. ‎ ‎2). The empire _______ its country in the 16th century. ‎ ‎3). The road builders worked hard to _______ the high way.‎ ‎4). She _______ out her hands to meet me.‎ ‎5). The project will _______ the city’ s telephone network to cover 1000000 users.‎ Keys: 1). spread 2). expanded 3). extend 4). stretch 5). expand ‎2. occupation / job / work / employment / career / profession ‎【解释】‎ occupation指一个人经常担任的工作，不论是否领取工资。‎ job非正式用语，指一份固定的赚钱工作，不论是否需要技术和特殊训练。‎ work多用来指工作本身，平常我们每做一件事无论大小，都可以称为work。‎ employment 指受雇于他人，领取工资谋生计，并且比较固定的工作。‎ career 指职业、事业；指某种经过特殊训练而又为之献身的终身事业，带有崇高色彩。‎ profession 指那些必须受到特殊教育及训练才可胜任，带有专业性质的工作，多为创造性的脑力劳动。‎ ‎【练习】用occupation，job，work，employment，career，profession的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1). She has a good ________ in the bank. ‎ ‎2). She is an architect by ________. ‎ ‎3). She abandoned her stage ________.‎ ‎4). Graduates are finding it more and more difficult to find ________. ‎ ‎5). Please write down your name, ________ and address here in the form.‎ Keys: 1). job 2). profession/occupation 3). career 4). employment 5). occupation III 词性变化 （旨在提供语法填空所需材料）‎ ‎1. hunger n.[u] 饥饿；欲望 hungry adj. 饥饿的 ‎2. expand v.使变大；伸展 expansion n.[u,c]扩大；扩展 ‎3. satisfy vt. 使某人满意 达到要求；满足需要 satisfied adj. 对……表示满意 satisfactory/sarisfying adj. 令人满意的 satisfaction n. 满意 ‎4. free adj.&adv.自由的(地)‎ 免费的(地) vt. 解放 ‎ freedom n.自由 ‎5. equip vt.&vi. 配备；装备 equipment n.[u] 装备；设备 ‎6. discover vt.发现，找到 discovery n.被发现的事物，发现 discoverer n. 发现者 ‎【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1). In some poor African areas, many children died of ________ (hungry) every year. ‎ ‎2). The basic needs of the world population should ________ (satisfy) ‎ first. ‎ ‎3). The survey found that men got greater ________ (satisfy) from caring for their families than they did from work. ‎ ‎4). The rapid ________ (expand) of cities can cause social and economic problems. ‎ ‎5). We were told to keep all our sports ________ (equip) in the lockers downstairs. ‎ ‎6). The people there enjoy complete ________ (free) of speech. ‎ ‎7). The ________ (discover) of electricity was Franklin.‎ ‎8). Like many ________ (discover), atomic power can be used for good or evil. ‎ Keys: 1). hunger 2). be sarisfied 3). satisfaction 4). expansion 5). equipment 6). freedom 7). discoverer 8). discoveries ‎ IV 重点词汇 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）‎ ‎1. struggle vi.&n.斗争；拼搏；努力 ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). They were struggling to get out the burning car. 他们挣扎着从烧着的车里往外爬。‎ ‎2). The book is about their struggle for liberation. 这本书写的是他们为解放而作的斗争。‎ ‎[词语归纳]‎ struggle for 为……而斗争 struggle with / against与……作斗争 struggle to do sth.努力做某事 straggle to one’ s feet挣扎着站起来 a life-and-death struggle生死搏斗 ‎[练习] 按要求填空或翻译。‎ ‎1). They are ________ (为……而斗争) the position ‎2). They struggled all through the years ______ us _______ the Japanese.(介词)‎ ‎3). The fox struggled ________ (escape).‎ ‎4). He _______ _______ _______ _______ (挣扎着站起来) and dragged slowly ahead.‎ Keys: 1). struggling for 2). with; against 3). to escape 4). struggled to his feet ‎2. equip vt.&vi. 配备；装备 equipment n.[u] 装备；设备 ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). They equipped themselves for the expedition. 他们为远征治装。‎ ‎2). A good education should equip you for life. 有良好的教育能受用终生。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ equip sb./sth. with 用……武装某人；用……装备某物 ‎ equip sb./sth. for 为……而武装某人；为……而装备某物 ‎ a piece of office equipment 一件办公设备 ‎[练习] 按要求填空或翻译。‎ ‎1). The soldiers were well _______ _______ (装备好了) weapons. ‎ ‎2). We must equip young teachers _______ _______ _______ (对付) difficult children. ‎ ‎3). This library is equipped _______ (介词) atomic research.‎ ‎4). Our classroom _______ _______ _______ (装备有) a computer and a tape recorder.‎ Keys: 1). equipped with 2). to deal with 3). for 4). is equipped with ‎ ‎3. regret (regretted) vt. (对……)遗憾；惋惜 n.[c,u] 遗憾；惋惜 ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). If you go now, you’ ll regret it. 假若你现在就走, 一定得後悔。‎ ‎2). I regret to say the job has been filled. 十分抱歉, 那个工作已经有人做了。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ regret to say/tell/announce/inform 遗憾地说/告诉/宣布/通知 ‎ regret doing / having done sth. 后悔已做了某事 regret that 遗憾/后悔…‎ ‎[练习] 用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空或翻译。‎ ‎1). I now regret _______ (leave) school so young. ‎ ‎2). _______ _______ _______ _______(非常抱歉), I am unable to accept your invitation.‎ ‎3). I regret _______ (inform) you that your contract will not be renewed. ‎ Keys: 1). leaving / having done 2). Much to my regret/To my great regret 3). to inform ‎ ‎4. reduce vt.&vi. 减少；减缩 reduction n.缩减，减少，降低 ‎ ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). He reduced his weight from 98 to 92 kilos/by 6 kilos. 他把体重从98公斤减少到92公斤。‎ ‎2). The reform has reduced us to servants of the State. 这一改革把我们都降为公务员了。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ reduce sth (from...) to... 把某物从……减少到…… reduce sth. by... 减少多少 ‎[练习] 根据句子意思填入正确的介词。‎ ‎1). We must reduce our expenses ______ 300 yuan a month. ‎ ‎2). Their output has been reduced ______ 10 percent.‎ ‎3). He reduced his weight ______ 6 kilos.‎ Keys: 1). to 2). by 3). by ‎ ‎ ‎5. focus vt.&vi. 集中(注意力)；聚焦 n. [c,u] 焦点；中心点 ‎ ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). Focus your camera. 把照相机的焦距调准。‎ ‎2). Her beauty makes her the focus of attention. 她长得漂亮, 很惹人注目。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ focus on集中于 focus (one’ s attention/mind/efforts) on集中(注意力/心思/精力)于 ‎ ‎[练习] 按要求填空或翻译。‎ ‎1). The focus of recent research has been _______ (介词) environmental issues. ‎ ‎2). All eyes _______ _______ (集中于) her.‎ ‎3). They focused their mind on ______ (do) the experiment. ‎ Keys: 1). on 2). focussed on 3). doing ‎6.comment vi.&vt. 表达意见；作出评论 n. [c, u] 评论；议论 ‎ ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). The scandal caused a lot of comment. 这件丑闻遭到很多议论。‎ ‎2). “Will you resign, Minister?” “No comment!”“部长，你是要辞职吗?”“无可奉告。”‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ comment on/about sth./sb. 对某事/某人评论 make comments/no comment on sth./sb. 对某事/某人评论/不进行评论 ‎[练习] 按要求填空或翻译。‎ ‎1). Have you any comment(s) _______ (make) on the recent developments? ‎ ‎2). Asked about the date of the election, the Prime Minister _______ _______ (发表意见) no decision had yet been made. ‎ ‎3). She was asked about the pay increase but _______ _______ _______ (不进行评论) on it.‎ Keys: 1). to make 2). commented that 3). made no comment ‎ V 重点词组 （旨在提供综合运用所需材料）‎ ‎1. thanks to 幸亏；由于；因为 (有时作反语) ‎ ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). Thanks to your help, much trouble was saved. 多亏你的帮助, 减少了许多麻烦。‎ ‎2). Thanks to the bad weather, the match had been cancelled. 多亏这个倒霉天气, 比赛取消了。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ thanks to 相当于because of /owing to /due to /thanks to /on account of /as a result of 如：‎ ‎1). He was injured due to /owing to a car accident. ‎ ‎2). His failure is due to the fact that he lacks experience. ‎ ‎3). The train arrived late on account of /as a result of a heavy snow. ‎ ‎4). Thanks to him, I’ m getting better and better . ‎ ‎5). It was thanks to your stupidity that we lost the game . ‎ ‎[练习] 翻译句子。 ‎ ‎1). 多亏了新的政策，我们现在过着幸福的生活。‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________ ‎ ‎2). 多亏了他的忠告我才得以成功。(用强调句) ‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3). 由于交通堵塞我迟到了。‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________‎ Keys: 1). Thanks to the new policy, we are now having a happy life. ‎ ‎2). It was thanks to his advice that I succeeded. ‎ ‎3). I was late thanks to the traffic jam. ‎ ‎2. rid sb./sth. of... 使某人/某物摆脱…… ‎ ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). Many people are working hard to rid the world of famine. 很多人在努力使世界不再有饥荒。2). The dentist rid him of the pain by taking out his bad tooth. 牙科医生把他的坏牙拔掉，使他 免除痛苦。 ‎ ‎[重点用法] rid 短语：‎ be rid of 摆脱 get rid of 摆脱；除掉；去掉 rid a house of mice 清除室内老鼠 rid oneself of debt 还清债务 ‎[类似用法动词]‎ inform/ warn/ cure sb. of… 通知/警告/治愈某人……‎ ‎[练习] 翻译填空。‎ ‎1). He struggled to _______ _______ _______ (使自己摆脱) his guilt.‎ ‎2). The proposals are an attempt to _______ _______ _______ (使国家清除) political corruption.‎ ‎3). He was a boring nuisance! I’ m glad to _______ _______ _______ (摆脱他的纠缠) him.‎ ‎4). I still can’ t _______ _______ _______ (摆脱) my cold.‎ ‎5). The sales manager asked his men to _______ _______ _______ (通知) everything concerning the sales in time.‎ ‎6). The passengers ______ _______ _______ (警告) the danger of unsteady landing.‎ Keys: 1). rid himself of 2). rid the country of 3). be rid of 4). get rid of ‎ ‎5). inform him of 6). are warned of ‎3. be satisfied with = be content with 对……表示满足或满意 ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). I was not satisfied with the result. 我对那个结果感到不满意。‎ ‎2). You’ve done well at school. I’m very satisfied with you. 你在学校干得不错，我对你很满意。‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ sth. satisfy sb. 某事使某人满意 sb. is satisfied sth. 对……表示满足或满意 be satisfied to do 对做……感到满意 be satisfied that clause 对做……感到满意 a satisfied smile 满意的微笑 a satisfied customer 感到满意的顾客 feel a sense of satisfaction感到满足感 to sb’ s / sth’ s satisfaction 使某人满意的是 far from satisfactory 远远不能令人满足 it is satisfying (to do sth) 做某事是令人满意的 a satisfactory explanation / performance令人满意的解释/演出 get/obtain/derive satisfaction from one’ s work 从自己的工作中得到满足 ‎[练习] 根据句子意思用satisfy 的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1). I am not ________ (satisfy) with your work. You must improve it. ‎ ‎2). The result doesn’ t ________ (satisfy) me. ‎ ‎3). What he has done is far from ________ (satisfy).‎ ‎4). He hung up the phone, ________ (satisfy) with a smile on his face.‎ ‎5). It can be very ________ (satisfy) to work in the garden.‎ ‎6). Finance officials expressed ________ (satisfy) with the recovery of the dollar.‎ Keys: 1). satisfied 2). satisfy 3). satisfactory 4). satisfied 5). satisfying 6). satisfaction ‎4. would rather 宁愿……‎ ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). I’ d rather walk than take a bus. 我愿意走路而不愿意坐公共汽车。‎ ‎2). “Some more wine?” “Thank you, I’ d rather not. I have to drive home.”“再来一点酒好吗?”“不要了，我不能再喝了。 我还得开车回家呢。”‎ ‎[重点用法]‎ would rather do A (than do B) = would (prefer to) do A (rather than do B) 宁愿做甲事(而不做乙事) ‎ would rather sb. did sth.宁愿某人做某事 ‎[练习] 用所给词的适当形式填空或翻译。‎ ‎1). I would rather you ________ (know) now, than afterwards.‎ ‎2). Rather than ________ (ride) on a crowded bus, I prefer ________ (walk). ‎ ‎3). 她宁可死也不愿失去孩子们。‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________‎ Keys: 1). knew 2). ride; to walk 3). She’ d rather die than lose the children. ‎ ‎5. build up 逐渐建立；逐渐增强体质；积累；开发 ‎[典例]‎ ‎1). You need more protein to build you up. 你需要增加蛋白质以增强体质。‎ ‎2). He is now trying to build up a fine reputation. 他正在努力逐步赢得好的声誉。‎ ‎[练习] 翻译填空。‎ ‎1). Slowly a thick layer of fat ________ ________ (越聚越多) on the pan’ s surface.‎ ‎2). Exercise will help ________ ________ (增强) the muscles. ‎ ‎3). They have finally ________ ________ (建立) a big company.‎ Keys: 1). builds up 2). build up 3). built up ‎ ‎6. lead to 导致；造成（后果）；通往 ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). This misprint led to great confusion. 这个印刷错误造成很大的混淆。‎ ‎2). His actions could lead to him losing his job. 他的行为有可能会导致他丢了工作。‎ ‎[短语归纳] lead短语：‎ lead sb. to 把某人带到 lead sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事 ‎ lead sb. in doing sth. 领导/带领某人做某事 lead to sb. doing sth. 导致某人做某事 ‎[练习] 根据句子意思填空或按要求填空。‎ ‎1). The events ________ ________ the start of the First World War.‎ ‎2). What led him ________ (kill) his wife? ‎ ‎3). He had led everyone ________ (believe) that his family was very wealthy.‎ ‎4). Our research led us ________ (介词) the conclusion that the present system is unfair.‎ ‎5). Too much work and too little rest often _______ _______ illness.‎ ‎6). He will lead the party of scientists ________ (do) the research. ‎ ‎7). Failure often lies in laziness while hard work _ ________ success.‎ ‎8). The driver’ s carelessness ________ ________ the serious traffic accident.‎ Keys: 1). led to 2). to kill 3). to believe 4). to 5). leads to 6). in doing ‎ ‎7). leads to 8). led to / resulted in ‎ ‎7. keep...free from/of = protect sb./sth. from... 使……免受(影响/伤害)；使……不含(有害物) ‎ ‎[典例] ‎ ‎1). We should keep ourselves free from drugs. 我们应该远离毒品。‎ ‎2). I hope you will keep yourself free from tobacco and alcohol. 我希望你不抽烟不喝酒。‎ ‎[练习] 根据句子意思填空。‎ ‎1). We’ ve managed to ________ the garden ________ ________weeds this year.‎ ‎2). Relaxation exercises can ________ your body ________ ________ tension.‎ Keys: 1). keep; free of 2). keep; free of ‎ VI 重点句子 （旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）‎ ‎1. In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output. 1974年，他成了世界上第一位种植高产水稻的农业先锋。 ‎ ‎[解释] 不定式放在表示次序的词the first, the last, the best以及the only, the very, the right等词后面, 且这些词与动词不定式有逻辑上的主谓关系，结构为：the first/last/best/right/only/very/... + n. + to do sth.第一个/最后一个/最好的一个/合适的/唯一的/恰好的……做某事的人/物，如：‎ ‎1). He is always the first (student) to come and the last to leave.‎ ‎ 他总是第一个来和最后一个离开的（学生）。‎ ‎2). The last man to leave the sinking ship was the captain. 最后一个离开正在下沉的船的是船长。‎ ‎[练习] 根据句子意思填空。‎ ‎1). I think he is the right person ________ (tell) her about this.‎ ‎2). I’ d be the first ________ (admit) I might be wrong. ‎ Keys: 1). to tell 2). to admit ‎2. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields. 这种特殊的稻种使得同样的田地多收获三分之一的产量。‎ ‎[解释] make it + 宾语补足语 + 动词不定式, it 做形式宾语,动词不定式是真正的宾语，有时 真正的宾语是从句。常和动词consider/think/make/find/believe/declare/feel/guess/imagine/prove 等连用。如：He felt it his duty to take good care of them. 他感觉到好好照顾他们是他的责任。‎ 再如：‎ ‎1). The bad weather makes it impossible for us to go for a picnic.‎ ‎2). We make it a rule to do some English practice before class.‎ ‎3). Tom found it very embarrassing to be reminded of the long-standing debt.‎ ‎4). Do you find it funny to see someone sliding on a banana skin?‎ ‎[练习] 翻译句子。‎ ‎1). 我们觉得支持好的领导是我们的职责。‎ ‎ ___________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2). 我记得我想你讲清楚我不会来的。‎ ‎ ___________________________________________________________________________‎ Keys: 1). We consider it our duty to support good leaders. ‎ ‎2). I remember I made it clear to you that I was not coming.‎ 二、课文要点 ‎1课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）‎ 根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：‎ Yuan Longping, the Father of 1 (超级杂交稻), is a famous scientist. he has 2 (奋斗)for the past five 3 (十年) for the Chinese farmers. In 1953 when Dr Yuan graduated from college, 4 (hungry) was a disturbing problem in many parts of the countryside. ____5____, Yuan wanted to help ___6__(摆脱)his motherland of hunger by increasing the rice output without 7 (expand) the area of the fields and he made it. Dr Yuan’s another dream is to 8 (出口) his rice to the ‎ world. Thanks 9 Dr Yuan, the UN has more tools in the battle against hunger ____10____the world.‎ 答案: 1.Super Hybrid Rice 2.struggled 3.decade 4.hunger 5.Therefore 6. rid 7.expanding 8.export 9. to 10.throughout ‎2课文大意概括 （旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）‎ 阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或翻译下面短文。‎ 袁隆平是我国最著名的科学家之一，已经取得了伟大成就，通过培植超级杂交稻使世界消除饥饿。不过，他不在乎名利和金钱，过着贫穷的生活。‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：Yuan Longping, one of China’s most famous scientists, has made great achievements in ridding the world of hunger by growing super hybrid rice . However, he cares little about fame and money and enjoys leading a poor life.‎ ‎ 3课文佳句背诵与仿写 （旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力）‎ ‎1.【原句】Indeed, his sunburnt face and arms and his slim, strong body are just like those of millions of Chinese farmers, for whom he has struggled for the past five decades. ‎ 事实上，他黑黝黝的脸和胳膊和他的苗条，强壮的身体就像那些数以百万计的中国农民的一样，在过去50年来他一直为他们而奋斗。‎ ‎ [模仿要点] 句子结构： 主句，+ 介词+which 引导的定语从句 ‎【模仿1】在学校里，他学习许多科目，如中文，数学，英语，物理，化学，计算机等，其中他最喜欢英语。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：At school, he studies many subjects, such as Chinese, Maths, English, Physics, Chemistry, Computer and so on, of which he likes English best.‎ ‎【模仿2】他有许多爱好，如打篮球，读小说，唱英语歌曲，集邮，他最喜欢收集邮票。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：He has various of hobbies, such as playing basketball, reading novels, singing English songs, collecting stamps, of which he likes collecting stamps best. ‎ ‎2．【原句】Dr Yuan Longping grows what is called super hybrid rice.袁隆平博士种植被称之为高产量的杂交水稻。‎ ‎ [模仿要点] 句子结构：主句+what/whatever 引导的宾语从句 ‎ ‎【模仿1】学生喜欢生活中如何新的东西。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：Students enjoy whatever is new in their life.‎ ‎【模仿2】通过考试，学生可以了解他们的弱点从而更加努力学习。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：Through exams, students will learn what their weak points are and then study even harder.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3. 【原句】Born into a poor farmer’s family in 1930, Dr Yuan graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953. 1930年出生于一个贫穷的农民家庭，，袁博士于1953年毕业于西南农业大学。‎ ‎ [模仿要点] 句子结构： 过去分词作状语，+ 主句 ‎【模仿1】配备了电子词典，学生觉得学习英语更容易和更方便了。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：Equipped with electronic dictionaries, students find learning English much easier and more ‎ convenient.‎ ‎【模仿2】位于城市的中心地带，这座公园给市民带来很多享受。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：Located in the centre of the city, the park provides much enjoyment to the citizens.‎ 三、单元自测 ‎ ‎1.完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ 字数：173‎ 完成时间：13分钟 难度：***‎ ‎ Parents usually have the test intentions when it comes to making sure their kids are growing up healthy. But it can be a 21 , especially with a picky eater or a child who 22 videogames to playing outdoors. The reality is that exhausted and overworked parents often 23 making food choices based on 24 -- serving the meal that's most appealing, not necessarily the most nutritious, or 25 it in front of a TV. Such habits take a toll. Last year, the International Obesity Task Force 26 that more than 35 percent of American children ranging from 6 to 17 exceed- ed their ideal body weight, which can 27 to serious long-term health problems like heart disease and diabetes (糖尿病), as well as 28 and low self-esteem (自尊). Good health choices can also 29 a long way -- not just toward physical health, but mental health and intellectual success, too. Researchers at the Medical College of Georgia found last year that kids who play vigorously ‎ ‎(精神旺盛地) for 20 to 40 minutes actually do 30 in school and are happier.‎ ‎21. A. coincidence B. challenge C. difficulty D. puzzle ‎22. A. prefers B. devotes C. contributes D. addicts ‎23. A. start with B. insist on C. object to D. end up ‎24. A. nutrition B. menu C. convenience D. preference ‎25. A. offering B. showing C. having D. sharing ‎26. A. predicted B. estimated C. valued D. proclaimed ‎27. A. stick B. tend C. see D. lead ‎28. A. oppression B. desperation C. depression D. repression ‎29. A. come B. go C. find D. extend ‎30. A. better B. faster C. more D. earlier 答案：‎ ‎21. B。 考查语境理解。“父母希望孩子健康成长，特别对挑食者或喜欢游戏而不喜欢户外运动的孩子来说，是一个挑战。”‎ ‎22. A。 考查语境与动词短语。prefer … to …, “喜欢……胜过……”；devote…to… “投身于”；contribute…to…“对……做出贡献”； addict to… “沉迷于……”。‎ ‎23. D。 考查语境理解。start with “以……开始”; insist in坚持；object to反对；end up以……结束. “疲惫不堪、工作过度的父母们最终根据便利性做出食物选择”。‎ ‎24. C。 考查语境理解。nutrition 营养； menu 菜单.；convenience 方便、便利； preference偏爱。‎ ‎25. A。 考查语境理解。offer提供，“在看电视节目时父母主动提供食物”。‎ ‎26. B。 考查语境理解。6-7岁的美国孩子中35%以上孩子超出了他们的理想体重。‎ ‎27. D。 考查语境理解。stick to坚持； tend to趋向；see to注意、负责； lead to导致。‎ ‎28. C。 考查语境理解。引起的健康问题是depression（沮丧、消沉），与后面的low self-esteem（自尊心低下）并列。 desperation 绝望disappointment失望。‎ ‎29. B。 考查语境理解。良好的健康选择任重道远。extend延伸。‎ ‎30.‎ ‎ A。 考查语境理解。从后面的happier可知，应用比较级。尽情玩20-40分钟的孩子在校的表现更好。‎ ‎2. 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31-40的相应位置上。‎ 字数：156‎ ‎ 完成时间：8分钟 难度：***‎ ‎ Even in China today, most 31 (ability) teenagers have to go to special schools to receive 32 education. I know people are trying to give them more help, comfort and care, 33 I don't quite agree with such idea.‎ ‎ Disabled people's life is difficult and frustrating. 34 we should give them a hand in their normal life. But despite their disability, they're complete. They have their own thoughts and feelings, we can't say disability will limit a person's life. So it's necessary for them to study 35 (independent) and equally just as normal people. If they 36 (ask) to go to the special school, they will probably treat themselves 37 special, unlucky people. That will make them 38 (lose) hope. ‎ ‎ 39 the disabled people need the most is confidence and dignity. Most of them hate 40 feeling that they always need others' help. They just want to prove themselves as we do.‎ ‎ In a word, help is essential, but we should give the disabled more individual space.‎ 答案：‎ ‎31．disabled 32．their 33．but 34．So 35．independently 36．are asked 37．As 38．lose 39．What 40．the ‎ 31．disabled．用形容词修饰teenagers， 意为“大多数残疾的青少年”‎ ‎ 32．their.意为“大多数残疾的青少年去特殊学校接受他们的教育”：‎ ‎ 33．but . 根据前文I know．．．和后文I don't quite agree…可知此处是转折关系：‎ ‎ 34．So．根据Disabled people's life is difficult and frustrating可知是因果关系，“因此我们要帮助他们”：‎ ‎ 35．Independently ．用副词修饰动词study：‎ ‎ 36．are asked．“如果他们被要求去特殊学校”故用被动语态，If引导条件状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来：‎ ‎ 37．as．习惯搭配treat sb．as…将某人当作，．．看待。‎ ‎ 38．lose．"make sb+do”句型中用省略to的不定式作宾补：‎ ‎ 39．What. 主语从句 the disabled people need the most中need缺少宾语，只能用What引导主语从句；‎ ‎ 40．the．后用定语从句that they always need others’help，修饰名词，则该名词前有the表特指：‎ ‎3. 信息匹配 ‎ 请阅读下列应用文和相关信息，从所给的选项A、B、C、D、E和F中按照要求匹配信息。‎ ‎ 首先，请阅读下列有关颜色偏好和性格的关系的应用文：‎ A. GOLD According to the True Colors system people who choose GOLD as their primary color like to fit in or to belong. They tend to be reliable people who enjoy serving others and things like traditions. Home is very important to them. They need order and structure. They don't like waste or change.‎ B. ORANGE People who choose ORANGE as their primary color need a lot of variety and freedom. They take pride in being highly skilled. They enjoy "hand-on" work and often are good in a crisis. They are risk takers, seek challenges.‎ C. YELLOW People who choose YELLOW as their primary color are curious about everything, and they are confident and knowledgeable. They love sports very much and they work high efficiently.‎ D. GREEN People who choose GREEN as their primary color are competent and want to control the realities of life. They are analytical and enjoy solving problems and developing systems. They love intelligence and logic. They are often critical of themselves and others.‎ E. BLUE People who choose BLUE as their primary color enjoy close relationships. Harmony and integrity(诚实)are very important. These people are often very creative or they ‎ enjoy the creative work of others.‎ F. RED People who choose RED as their primary color are always full of vigour (活力 ) and they tend to be confident all the time. It seems like they are ready to do anything and they will be successful. And they have a strong desire of power.‎ ‎ 请阅读以下根据员工性格来促进工作效率的方法的信息，然后匹配上面的信息。‎ ‎41. Creating a warm and personal working atmosphere; establishing a peaceful working environment and trying to avoid conflicts; allowing them the freedom to express their felling praising their creative approach to the job; praising them with their good jobs.‎ ‎42. Assigning work which needs detailed planning; defining the tasks in clear terms; providing a stable work environment and avoiding sudden change; giving standard rules and regulations and set a good examples; praising them with their good jobs.‎ ‎43. Assigning work which needs analytical thinking and problem-solving; encouraging them to think independently and taking their ideas to the next step; praising them with their good jobs.‎ ‎44. Assigning work which is action-packed, providing opportunities to be skillful and adventurous; allowing them the freedom to the job in their own ways; praising them with their good jobs.‎ ‎45. Assigning work which needs full energy; providing opportunities for job competition; if he does well, letting him know he is very likely to get promotion; praising them with their good jobs.‎ 答案：‎ ‎41. E [解析] "enjoy close relationships, Harmony" 与 "Creating a warm and personal working atmosphere, establishing a peaceful working environment and trying to avoid conflicts" 相呼应 "These people are often very creative" 与 "praising their creative approach to the job"相呼应。‎ ‎42. A [解析] "like to fit in or to belong", 'don't like waste or change" 与 "providing a stable work environment and avoiding sudden change"相呼应。‎ ‎43. D [解析] "They are analytical and enjoy solving problems and developing systems." -与 "Assigning work which needs analytical thinking and problem-solving”相呼应 ‎44. B [解析] "take pride in being highly skilled", "risk takers, seek challenges" 与 "providing opportunities to be skillful and adventurous" 相呼应 ‎45. F [解析] "full of vigour” 与 "Assigning work which needs full energy"相呼应"tend to be confident all the time" 与 “providing opportunities for job competition”相呼应 ‎4.读写任务 ‎ 阅读下面的对话，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。‎ Linda: How was your trip to Hengshan during your summer vacation?‎ Joanna: Oh, it's great. You ought to go there some day if you haven't been there already.‎ Linda: Well, what do you think is the best time to go to Hengshan?‎ Joanna: Mm, it's very crowded there in summer. And it's too cold to go there in winter, so I wouldn't suggest the winter season, either. Besides, we can't afford the time when school is in session. So I would say the best time is the first few days of the summer break when people haven't started doing anything yet.‎ Linda: I see. How long does the whole trip take, including the time on the road?‎ Joanna: It all depends, really. If you go there by train, four days should be enough. You can also take a bus, which takes a longer time and is less comfortable, but as an exchange, you'll be able to enjoy lots of country scenes and perhaps you'll save some money, too.‎ Linda: That sounds good. If I can afford the time, I think I'll take the bus. Do you think I should go by myself, or take a package tour with a travel agency?‎ Joanna: It is hard to say which is better, you know.‎ Linda: Anyway, thank you very much for all the information.‎ ‎[写作内容]‎ ‎ 你的英语老师在上英语说写课时，提供以上对话给你和同桌作为英语口语训练的材料。口语练习结束后，老师要求你根据上述对话话题写一篇关于了解自然环境的游历活动的英语短文。‎ ‎ 1，以约30个词概括对话的要点。‎ ‎ 2．然后以约120个词写一篇关于了解自然环境的游历活动的英语记叙文，并包括以下要点：‎ ‎ (1)叙述你的关于了解自然环境的游历活动的经过；‎ ‎ (2)谈谈你的感受。‎ ‎[写作要求]‎ ‎ 1．作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子；标题自定。‎ ‎ 2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。‎ ‎[评分标准]概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章连贯。‎ ‎[写作辅导]‎ ‎ 1．写作有可能用到的主要短语和单词：山区the mountainous area，农村the countryside，风景区 scenic spot，原始森林natural thick forest,，灌木丛林the woods／the trees，国家森林公园 the national park ,田野the fields，牛cows，马horse，羊sheep，牲口群cattle．‎ ‎ 2．本文的概要必须包含以下要点： How was your trip to Hengshan during your summer vacation? / What do you think is the best time to go to Hengshan? / How long does the whole trip take, including the time ‎ on the road? ‎ ‎ 3．本文要注意，概要一定要根据文段的时态来写。同时，绝对不能抄袭原文的句子。文章是叙述你的关于了解自然环境的游历活动的经过，属于某人的经历，故用一般过去时态。而谈谈你的感受，属于一般评论性的文字，故用一般现在时。‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎[答案]‎ ‎ One of My Travelling Experiences ‎ In the dialogue, Joanna describes her trip to Hengshan during her summer vacation. She offers some advice to Linda, including the best visiting time, the way of traveling and so on.‎ ‎ I had such a touring experience of visiting the countryside last autumn.‎ ‎ Last Sunday, my sister and I went to the countryside. As far as I 'm concerned, autumn is the best time for going on a trip because the weather is neither too hot nor too cold. And autumn is the most pleasant season of the year. There, we could see some peasants busy getting in the crops in the fields, and others were picking fruits under the trees.‎ ‎ Not until that moment did we really realize what the famous saying "No pains, no gains." means. It seemed as if we were wandering in a splendid world. I love autumn! I love the harvest time! To pursue my own good harvest in my study, I will spare no efforts to work hard.‎ Period Two　Learning about Language v．ing形式作主语和宾语 动词的ing形式既是现在分词形式，也是动名词形式。作为动名词，它具有动词的基本性质，因而可以有状语修饰它，及物动词的动名词还应有宾语，从而构成动名词短语；它也具有名词的基本性质，因而在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语和定语等。‎ 一、动名词形式作主语 ‎1．v.ing形式直接作主语，往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，在口语中也可以表示具体的动作，通常直接置于句首。‎ Reading aloud is a good way in learning languages.‎ 大声朗读是学习语言的一个好办法。‎ Wasting a person’s time is the same as killing him for his property.‎ 浪费别人的时间无异于谋财害命。‎ ‎2．it作形式主语，v.ing形式放在其后。‎ It is no use crying over spilt milk.‎ 覆水难收。‎ It is no good learning without practice.‎ 只学习而不实践是不好的。‎ It is a waste of time arguing about it.‎ 争辩此事是浪费时间。‎ It is worthwhile making the experiment.‎ 做这个实验是值得的。‎ ‎3．在“There be＋v.ing形式”结构中作主语。‎ There is no joking about such matters.‎ 这种事开不得玩笑。‎ There is no point doing such a silly thing.‎ 做这件傻事毫无意义。‎ 二、动名词形式作宾语 ‎1．v.ing形式作动词的宾语。可接动名词作宾语的动词有enjoy，include，excuse，practise，advise，suggest，mind，delay，forbid，keep，consider，miss，finish，appreciate，can’t help(禁不住)，risk，admit，imagine等。‎ Mary is considering changing her job.‎ 玛丽正在考虑换工作。‎ Xiao Wu suggests spending the evening with the workers.‎ 小吴提议今晚和工人们一起过。‎ He admitted making a serious mistake.‎ 他承认犯了一个严重错误。‎ Can you imagine living alone on a wild island?‎ 你能想像单独生活在一个荒凉野岛上是什么样子吗？‎ ‎2．在下面的短语中，动名词常用作介词的宾语：be good at，dream of，care about，devote...to，be concerned about，look forward to，be interested in，be used to，feel like，insist on，object to，think of，give up，aim at，put off，set about，stick to，apply to，succeed in...，owing to，pay attention to等。‎ I have never dreamed of visiting that place.‎ 我从未幻想过要参观那个地方。‎ I feel like going to the movie this evening.‎ 今晚我想去看电影。‎ I’ve been looking forward to hearing from you.‎ 我一直盼望着能收到你的来信。‎ ‎3．既可接v.ing，又可接动词不定式作宾语，意义差别不大的有：hate，like，prefer，attempt，begin，start，continue，intend等。‎ Price will continue to rise/rising.‎ 物价将持续上涨。‎ What do you intend to do/doing next?‎ 你下一步打算做什么？‎ ‎4．接v.‎ ing形式和动词不定式作宾语，但意义差别较大的词或词组有：‎ I remember to mail the letter but forget buying the stamp.‎ 我记得去寄信可忘了已买邮票了。‎ Please stop working and have a rest.‎ 请停下工作，休息一下。‎ ‎5．下列动词可接v.ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式。‎ need/want/require/deserve doing(＝need/want/require/deserve to be done)‎ This small room needs painting.(＝This small room needs to be painted)．‎ 这个小房间需要粉刷了。‎ The sick woman required examining.(＝The sick woman required to be examined.)‎ 这位生病的妇女需要接受检查。‎ 三、动名词的复合结构 ‎1．带有逻辑主语的动名词称为动名词的复合结构。当动名词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，要在动名词前加物主代词或名词所有格，这便构成了动名词的复合结构。其中物主代词(名词所有格)是逻辑上的主语，动名词是逻辑上的谓语。动名词的复合结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等。‎ Her coming to help encouraged all of us.‎ 她来帮忙鼓舞了我们所有人。‎ Mary’s coming late made her teacher angry.‎ 玛丽迟到使她的老师很生气。‎ Jane’s being careless caused so much trouble.‎ 简这么粗心惹来了不少麻烦。‎ What’s troubling them is their not having enough food.‎ 困扰他们的问题是食物不足。‎ ‎2．在口语中，如果动名词的复合结构作宾语，其中的物主代词常用人称代词宾格，名词所有格常用名词普通格来代替，但在句首作主语时不能这样来代替。‎ Can you imagine him/Jack cooking at home?‎ 你能想像他/杰克在家做饭的样子吗？‎ The father insisted on his son’s/his son going to college.‎ 爸爸坚持要求儿子上大学。‎ Mary’s(不可用Mary)being ill made her mother upset.‎ 玛丽病了，这使她妈妈很着急。‎ His(不可用Him)smoking made his family angry.‎ 他抽烟，这使他家人非常生气。‎ ‎3．如果动名词的逻辑主语是无生命的事物或是有生命名词但表示泛指意义时，则要用名词的普通格或人称代词宾格。‎ The baby was made awake by the door suddenly shutting.‎ 这个婴儿被猛烈的关门声吵醒了。‎ The sound of desks being opened and closed could be heard out in the street.‎ 书桌的开关声在街上都能听到。‎ Have you ever heard of women practising boxing?‎ 你听说过妇女练拳击吗？‎ ‎4．there be的动名词的复合结构为there being。‎ What’s the chance of there being a storm tomorrow?‎ 明天有暴风雨的可能性有多大？‎ 四、动名词的时态和语态 动名词的时态和语态如下表所示：‎ ‎ 语态 时态　　　‎ 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 writing being written 完成式 having written having been written 其否定形式是在doing前加not ‎1.动名词的一般式表示的动作通常是一般性的，即不是明确地发生在过去、现在或将来的动作，或是与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的动作。‎ I hate talking with such people.‎ 我讨厌与这样的人说话。‎ She dreams of becoming a teacher.‎ 她梦想成为一名教师。‎ She enjoys playing the piano.‎ 她喜欢弹钢琴。‎ ‎2．动名词的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。‎ I am very pleased at your having been honoured with a medal.‎ 我很高兴你能获得一枚奖牌。‎ He was praised for having done a good deed.‎ 他因做了好事而受到表扬。‎ 注意　有些动词如admit，forget，remember，deny，apologize，regret，thank等以及介词after等后面的动名词可用一般式表达完成式的意义。‎ I forgot meeting her(＝having met her) in the park.‎ 我忘记了曾在公园里见过她。‎ After reading your letter，I realized I had misunderstood you.在读了你的信之后，我才意识 到我误解了你。‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．This story is not suitable (合适的)for young children.‎ ‎2．In an invoice the amount (数量)of money should be written both in words and in figures.‎ ‎3．Most people prefer organic (有机的)vegetables.‎ ‎4．He tried to rid (摆脱)himself of debts.‎ ‎5．He is developing (发展)into a good soldier.‎ ‎6．The human being struggles (斗争)with his environment.‎ ‎7．Rumours began to circulate (传播)about his financial problems.‎ ‎8．He equipped (装备)himself for a long journey.‎ ‎9．The blood exports waste products from the tissues.‎ ‎10．Grain is used for making flour.‎ Ⅱ.用所给动词的适当形式填空 ‎1．All the boys are looking forward to going (go) forward to_feed (feed) the animals.‎ ‎2．The bird was lucky and it just missed being_caught (catch)．‎ ‎3．I always prefer to_start (start) early rather than leave (leave) everything to the last minute.‎ ‎4．Walking (walk) is a good form of exercise for both men and women.‎ ‎5．While shopping women sometimes can’t help being_persuaded (persuade) into buying more clothes than necessary.‎ ‎6．—What made Jane so upset?‎ ‎—Losing (lose) the ring her husband bought her for her birthday.‎ ‎7．Once your business becomes international，flying (fly) constantly will be part of your life.‎ ‎8．Do you think it of any use arguing (argue) with him any more？We are wasting our time trying (try) to persuade him to give up the idea.‎ ‎9．Finding (find) a job in such a big company has always been beyond his wildest dream.‎ ‎10．—Maybe you’ve forgotten to_post (post) my letter.‎ ‎—How could I？I remember putting (put) it into the letter box.‎ Ⅲ.短文填空 I used to like to go to our local cinema.It was old and rather uncomfortable，but it was special.Now they’ve stopped 1.showing (show) films there.The owner would like to go on 2.running (run) the cinema，but he couldn’t afford 3.to_make (make) a lot of improvements，which would mean 4.spending (spend) tens of thousands of pounds.I remember 5.watching (watch) the last film at the cinema.It was a murder mystery.It was five minutes before the end，and we were trying 6.to_work (work) out who was the murderer when suddenly all the lights went out and the film stopped.We sat in the dark for a few minutes，and then the owner appeared with a torch.“I regret 7.to_tell (tell) you”，he said.“that our electricity has failed.I don’t mean 8.to_disappoint (disappoint) you，but I’m afraid we can’t show you the end of the film.We’ve tried 9.phoning (phone) the electricity company，but they say they can’t help.”He went on 10.to_explain (explain) to the audience how the film ended.I didn’t understand the story.But I don’t regret 11.going (go) to the cinema on that last evening.‎ Ⅳ.句型转换 ‎1．Would you mind if I stay away from the conference?‎ Would you mind my/me staying away from the conference?‎ ‎2．Alice was ill，which made her mother worried a lot.‎ Alice’s being ill made her mother worried a lot.‎ ‎3．It was very slow to drive to the office this morning because of the traffic.‎ Driving to the office was very slow this morning because of the traffic.‎ ‎4．I prefer him to paint the door blue.‎ I prefer that he paint the door blue.‎ ‎5．You must do it well whatever you do.‎ You must do it well no matter what you do.‎ ‎6．Dr. Yuan would work the land than do research in a big city.‎ Dr. Yuan would work the land rather than do research in a big city.‎ ‎7．Jane Goodall decided to live in Gombe National Park so as to make a deep study of the chimp.‎ Jane Goodall decided to live in Gombe National Park so that she could make a deep study of the chimp.‎ ‎8．That Sunday the student came to the professor，hoping to get some advice from him.‎ That Sunday the student came to the professor with the hope of getting some advice from him.‎ Ⅴ.完成句子 ‎1．Dr. Yuan Longping is_still_working_his_land (仍然在耕着田地) and doing his research into hybrid rice.‎ ‎2．She struggled_along_the_road (在公路上挣扎) to her home.‎ ‎3．As time goes，Dr. Yuan is_getting/becoming_more_and_more_famous (变得越来越著名)．‎ ‎4．China can produce much more rice than before thanks_to/because_of_Yuan_Longping’s_‎ contributions (由于袁隆平的贡献)．‎ ‎5．Now many people are_living_a_happy_and_comfortable_life (过着幸福而舒适的生活)．‎ ‎6．If you don’t work hard，you won’t get what_you_wish_for/hope_for (你希望得到的)．‎ ‎7．Wuxi is_rich_in_fish_and_rice (鱼米之乡)．‎ ‎8．He kept_the_table_free_from_dirt (使餐桌不蒙上灰尘) by putting a cover over it.‎ Ⅵ.单项填空　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎1．I know he didn’t listen to me，but I went on ________ to get him ________ in the project.‎ A．to hope；interesting B．to hope；interested C．hoping；interested D．hoping；interesting 答案　C 解析　go on doing sth.继续做某事；get sb. interested in...使得某人对……感兴趣，interested用以修饰人。‎ ‎2．Seeing the funny scene，I can’t help ________.‎ A．laugh B．to laugh C．laughing D．laughed 答案　C 解析　can’t help doing禁不住干某事。can’t help (to)‎ ‎ do不能帮助干某事，由题意可知应选C。‎ ‎3．We look forward every spring to ________ the flowerlined garden.‎ A．walking in B．walk in C．visit D．paying a visit 答案　A 解析　look forward to盼望……，期盼……，其中的to为介词，后跟动名词(短语)作宾语。D项虽为doing形式，但是visit后应加介词to。‎ ‎4．The girl said that she had never dreamt of ________ a volunteer.‎ A．be B．to be C．being D．is 答案　C 解析　dream of梦想；向往，介词of后应跟v.ing形式作宾语。‎ ‎5．________，I failed in the driving test.‎ A．To my joy B．To my sad C．To my happy D．To my regret 答案　D 解析　to one’s＋n.结构表“令某人……的是”，B、C本身形式不对，另由题意可知D为正确选项。‎ ‎6．—I hear Johnson was badly injured in the earthquake.‎ ‎—________，let’s go and see him.‎ A．What’s more B．If so C．Where possible D．When necessary 答案　B 解析　what’s more而且，更有甚者；where possible有可能的地方；when necessary有必要的时候；if so如果那样的话，表示如果前面的情况是真的。由答语的后半句可知是要去看他，所以应选B，表示Johnson如果在地震中真的受了重伤的话。‎ ‎7．I have to go to work on foot，for my bike needs ________.‎ A．repair B．to repair C．repairing D．being repaired 答案　C 解析　need作“需要”讲时，后跟动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式。类似用法的词还有want，require等。‎ ‎8．________ with the pay，the young man decided to change his job.‎ A．Being not satisfied B．Not being satisfied C．Not satisfying D．Not satisfied 答案　D 解析　形容词化了的过去分词作原因状语。句意为：由于对报酬不满意，那位年轻人决定换工作。‎ ‎9．I wouldn’t advise ________ there by bus，because it is too crowded.‎ A．go B．to go C．to going D．going 答案　D 解析　advise后的动词用doing。‎ ‎10．In England as early as the ________ century young people enjoyed ________ soccer.‎ A．twelfth；playing B．twelveth；playing C．twelfth；to play D．twelveth；to play 答案　A 解析　twelve的序数词是twelfth。enjoy后的动词用动名词形式。‎ ‎11．—What makes him so happy?‎ ‎—________ a prize in the computer contest.‎ A．Because of winning B．For he won C．Winning D．He won 答案　C 解析　回答what用动名词，作省略句的主语。‎ ‎12．Do you remember ________ a ruler from Betty？Don’t forget ________ it to her tomorrow.‎ A．borrowing；to return B．borrowing；returning C．to borrow；to return D．to borrow；returning 答案　A 解析　第一空填borrowing，表示“你还记得从Betty那里借过一把尺子吗？”；第二空填to return，表示“别忘了明天还给她。”。‎ ‎13．—By the way，when did you get your room ________？‎ ‎—Last year.‎ A．painting B．painted C．to paint D．to be painted 答案　B 解析　get sth. done的搭配。‎ Ⅶ.阅读理解 The agriculture revolution in the nineteenth century involved two things：the invention of laboursaving machinery and the development of scientific agriculture.Laboursaving machinery naturally appeared first ‎ where labour was scarce：“In Europe，”said Thomas Jefferson，“the object is to take the most of their land，labour being more than enough；here it is to make the most of our labor，land being more than enough.”It was in the United States，therefore，that the great advance in the nineteenth century agriculture machinery first came.‎ At the opening of the century，with the exception of a crude plow，farmers could have carried practically all of the existing agricultural tools on their backs；by 1860，most of the machinery in use today had been designed in an early form.The most important of the early inventions was the iron plow.As early as 1790 Charles Newbold of New Jersey had been working on the idea of a castiron plow and spent his entire fortune in introducing his invention.The farmers，however，were not interested in it，claiming that the iron poisoned the soil and weeds grew.Nevertheless，many people developed their attention to the plow，until 1869 James Oliver of South Bend，India，turned out the first chilledsteel plow.‎ ‎1．What is the main topic of the passage?‎ A．The need for an agriculture advance to help to feed a growing population.‎ B．The development of a saver machinery demanded by the labor movement.‎ C．Machinery that contributed to the agriculture revolution.‎ D．New Jersey as a leader in the agriculture revolution.‎ 答案　C 解析　文章主要讲的是农业机械对农业的促进作用。‎ ‎2．Which of the following can be inferred from what Thomas Jefferson said in the first paragraph?‎ A．Europe was changing more quickly than the United States.‎ B．Europe had greater need of farm machinery than the United States did.‎ C．The United States was finally running out of good farmland.‎ D．There was a shortage of workers on the United States’ farms.‎ 答案　D 解析　在欧洲，人多地少；然而在美国，人少地多。‎ ‎3．Why did the farmers reject Newbold’s plow?‎ A．Their horses were frightened by it.‎ B．They preferred lighter tools.‎ C．It was too expensive.‎ D．They thought it would ruin the land.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。从最后一段倒数第二句可以找到相关依据。‎ ‎4．Which of the following inventions came first?‎ A．The chilledsteel plow. B．The castiron plow.‎ C．The iron plow. D．The crude plow.‎ 答案　D 解析　农业铁犁的诞生顺序应为：原始犁——铁犁——铸铁犁——淬钢犁。‎ Ⅷ.阅读填空 ‎__1__They decorate (装饰) the walls of homes and are used in stores for sales of different goods.The news is filled with pictures of fires, floods, and special events.Photos record the beauties of nature.They can also bring things close that are far away.Through photos, people can see wild animals, cities in foreign lands, and even the stars in outer space.‎ ‎__2__ Reporting the news through photos is called photojournalism.At times photojournalists tell their stories through a single picture.At other times, they use a group of pictures to tell a story.Each picture is like a chapter in a book, which can do more than record the facts.‎ ‎__3__ Jacob Riis was among the first photojournalists.He took pictures of parts of New York City where the poor lived.Riis believed that poverty (贫穷) caused crime, and he used photos to help him prove his point.A few years later, the photos of small children working in factories by Lewis Hine shocked the public.Hine’s pictures helped bring about laws to protect such children.‎ Hundreds of pictures may have to be taken in order to get one or two really good photos.It takes science to have the photo come out clearly and art to make a photo that has a good design and expresses feeling.Photojournalists make an actual record of what they see.__4__ It can record an important event as a beautiful or exciting picture.‎ ‎__5__Today photojournalists still have their pictures appear in newspapers and magazines.They also publish (发表) them in books and on the Internet.‎ A．It can also be a strong force for social change.‎ B．Photos help people improve.‎ C．A photo, however, can be both a work of art and an actual record.‎ D．Photos are also works of art.‎ E．Photos also tell stories.‎ F．Photographs are everywhere.‎ G．As historical and artistic documents (文献), photos can become ‎ more important over time.‎ 答案　1.F　2.E　3.A　4.C　5.G Period Three　Using Language ‎1 ‎ 拓展归纳 confuse sb.使某人困惑(糊涂)‎ be confused by sth.被某(事)物搞糊涂了 become/get confused困惑，不知所措 confuse...with/and...把……和……混淆 confuse black with white混淆黑白 confusable adj.会被混淆的，会被弄糊涂的 confused adj.困惑的，不知所措的；混乱的 confusing adj.令人困惑的，难以理解的 confusion n．[U]混乱，混淆；困惑 ‎ 完成句子 ‎(1)这个难题使他困惑。‎ The difficult question confused_him.‎ ‎(2)人们被大量的信息搞糊涂了。‎ People were_confused_by a lot of information.‎ ‎(3)我把她和她妹妹弄错了，因为她们长得太像了。‎ I confused_her_with_her_sister because they were so alike.‎ ‎2 ‎ 拓展归纳 regret to do sth.遗憾/抱歉要去做……(do动词一般是say，tell，inform，announce等这样的词)‎ regret doing sth.后悔曾经做过某事 regret not to have done sth.后悔没做过某事 regret that...遗憾/后悔……‎ have no regrets没有遗憾 It is a matter for/of regret that...令人遗憾的是……‎ It is to be regretted that...使人遗憾的是……‎ to one’s regret(对某人而言)可惜的是 用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎(1)He bitterly regretted ever having_mentioned (mention) it.‎ ‎(2)I regret to_say (say) that I’m unable to accept your kind invitation.‎ ‎(3)I have no regrets (regret) about leaving Newcastle.‎ ‎(4)Emma shook her head regretfully (regret) when she heard the result.‎ ‎3 ‎ ‎ 拓展归纳 reduce (...)to...(把……)减少到……‎ reduce (...)by...(把……)减少了……‎ reduce sth. to...使……成为(某种状态)‎ reduce sb. to (doing) sth.迫使某人陷入(不佳状态)；使某人不得不……‎ reduction n．减少，缩减；折扣，减价 reductive adj.减少的；缩减的 完成句子 ‎(1)商店已经降低了商品的价格，所以现在是买东西的好时候。‎ They’ve reduced_the_prices in the shop，so it’s good time to buy.‎ ‎(2)她的体重减轻了5千克。‎ She reduced_her_weight by 5 kilograms.‎ ‎(3)炸弹使该市成为废墟。‎ The bombs reduced the city to_ruins.‎ ‎(4)她见到那情景便哭了起来。‎ She was_reduced_to_tears at the sight.‎ ‎4These chemicals in the food supply build up in people’s bodies over time.(P14) ‎ build up，put up，set up ‎(1)build up逐步建立，建造，建设，常指建造较大的物体。‎ ‎(2)put up着重指建造、搭起一个具有高度的具体的物体，口语中set up和build也有此意。‎ ‎(3)set up开办，建立，常和表示组织、机构、团体等意义的名词连用，与found基本相同，但found更着重打基础。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 完成句子 ‎(1)各方面的压力越来越大，他因负荷太重有好几个星期没上班了。‎ All the pressure built_up and he was off work for weeks with stress.‎ ‎(2)试试让他增进对自己的信心。‎ Try and build_up_his_confidence a bit.‎ ‎(3)他们的话在面试后增强了我的信心。‎ Their words built_up my confidence after the interview.‎ ‎(4)在十年拼搏后他们建立了这家公司。‎ They built_up_this_company after ten years’ struggle.‎ ‎5 ‎ 拓展归纳 lead sb. to...引导某人去……(地方)‎ lead sb. to do sth.引导某人做某事 lead a．..life过……的生活 result from产生于；因……引起 lie in在于，由于 have a good lead over领先于 完成句子 ‎(1)这条小路通到那个村庄。‎ The path leads_to the village.‎ ‎(2)我们的产品仍领先于我们的竞争者。‎ Our product has_a_good_lead_over our competitor’s.‎ ‎(3)我们队在前半场领先。‎ Our team was in_the_lead at halftime.‎ ‎(4)什么使你相信我病了？‎ What_led_you_to_believe I was ill?‎ ‎6 ‎ 拓展归纳 come into focus(某物)轮廓明显，清晰；(问题)突出 in focus焦距对准；清晰 out of focus焦距没对准；模糊 the focus of attention注意力的中心；焦点 focus on(＝concentrate on)注意；关注 focus a camera/telescope on/upon 使照相机、望远镜聚焦于 focus/fix/concentrate one’s attention/mind/eyes on/upon 使某人的注意力/心思/眼睛专注于 用focus on的适当形式填空 ‎(1)The discussion focuses_on three main problems.‎ ‎(2)All his attention was_focused_on one thing only—how to solve the problem of water shortage.‎ ‎(3)In the scene，the camera focused_on the actor’s face.‎ ‎7 Some organic farmers prefer planting grass between crops to prevent wind or water from carrying away the soil,and then leaving it in the ground to become a natural fertilizer for the next year’s crop.(P14)‎ 拓展归纳 stop sb. (from) doing sth.阻止某人做某事 keep sb. from doing sth.阻止某人做某事 protect sb. from...保护某人不受……侵袭 keep sb. doing sth.让某人一直做某事 完成句子 ‎(1)大雨使我们无法外出。‎ The heavy rain stopped/prevented_us_(from)_going_out.‎ ‎(2)妈妈不让我单独外出。‎ Mother kept_me_from going out alone.‎ ‎(3)雨伞可以保护你不被雨淋。‎ The umbrella can protect you from the rain.‎ ‎1 Recently,however,scientists have been finding that longterm use of these fertilizers can cause damage to the land and,even more dangerous,to people’s health.然而，最近科学家发现长期使用这些肥料会造成土地受损，甚至更危险的是，会对人们的健康造成危害。‎ 用法点拨 ‎(1)have been finding是现在完成进行时。现在完成进行时与现在完成时是有区别的，前者说明动作从过去某段时间到现在一直进行着，而且有可能还将持续下去；后者强调的是一个完成的动作，用于说明动作的结果，而不是动作本身。‎ John has been painting the ceiling.‎ 约翰一直在粉刷天花板。‎ John has painted the ceiling.‎ 约翰把天花板粉刷完了。‎ ‎(2)本句中的情态动词can表示理论的可能性。肯定句中，can可以表示客观的(理论的)可能性，并不涉及具体某事是否会发生，此种用法常常可以说明人或事物的特征；要表达具体某事实际发生的可能性时，不可用can，须用could，may，might。‎ Accidents can happen on such rainy days.‎ 这种下雨的天气可能会发生事故。(客观的可能性)‎ Peter may come with us tonight，but he isn’t sure yet.‎ 彼得今晚可能和我们一起来，但他还没确定。(实际可能性，不用can)‎ 用所给动词的适当形式填空 ‎(1)I won’t tell the students the answer to the maths problem until they have_been_working (work) on it for more than an hour.‎ ‎(2)They had_been_working (work) on the program for almost one week before I joined them，and now we are_still_working (still work) on it as no good results have come out so far.‎ ‎(3)—Are you still busy?‎ ‎—Yes，I am_finishing (finish) my work and it won’t take long.‎ ‎2 Crops such as peas or soybeans put important minerals back into the soil,making it ready for crops such as wheat or corn that need rich and fertile soil.像豌豆、大豆一类的农作物将重要的矿物质带回土壤，使之适宜于种植那些要求土壤肥沃的农作物，例如小麦或玉米。‎ 用法点拨 making it...是现在分词短语作结果状语。现在分词作结果状语时，其逻辑主语可以是句子的主语，也可以是整个句子。‎ By 1820 the population of New York had grown to about 125,000，making it the largest city in the USA.‎ 到1820年纽约的人口增长到大约125 000人，这(使它)成为美国最大的城市。‎ They were caught in a traffic jam，thus causing the delay.‎ 他们遇上了交通阻塞，因而迟到了。‎ 现在分词与不定式作结果状语的区别 ‎(1)现在分词作结果状语时一般只能单独使用，也就是说，没有固定的句型结构，它通常位于句末，其前有逗号隔开。有时为了突出结果之意可在现在分词前加副词thus，常译为“因而，因此”。现在分词作结果状语往往表示正常出现的、自然而然的或意料之中的结果。‎ Tom fell down from the tree，breaking his arm.‎ 汤姆从树上摔了下来，摔断了胳膊。‎ ‎(2)动词不定式单独作结果状语，通常表示偶然的、出乎意料的结果，有时为了强调这种意外的结果，可在不定式前加only，译为“(结果)却……，只(只是……)”，在这种情况下，不定式的逻辑主语也可能是全句的主语。‎ After two days we finally arrived at the small village，only to be told that the old man had passed away.‎ 两天之后我们终于到达了这个小村庄，(使我们失望的是)村民们告诉我们那位老人已经去世了。‎ Yesterday a beggar bought a lottery ticket，to make him a millionaire overnight.‎ 昨天一个街头乞丐买了一张彩票，结果使他一夜之间成了百万富翁。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 用所给动词的适当形式填空 ‎(1)He went to New York to see his daughter，only to_find (find) she had gone to Washington.‎ ‎(2)Oil prices have risen by 32% since the start of the year，reaching (reach) a record of $57.65 a barrel on April 4.‎ ‎(3)He hurried to the cinema only to_find (find) the film had been on.‎ ‎(4)European football is played in 80 countries，making (make) it the most popular sport in the world.‎ ‎(5)His father was lost in the war，never to_be_heard (hear) of again.‎ 化学耕作还是有机耕作？‎ 在过去的半个世纪里，在耕作中使用化肥已经非常普遍。很多农民喜欢使用化肥，把化肥作为防治农作物病虫害和提高产量的重要手段。然而，最近科学家发现长期使用这些肥料会造成土地受损，甚至更危险的是，会对人们的健康造成危害。‎ 化肥带来的问题有哪些呢？首先，化肥在杀死病菌和害虫的同时也会杀死有益的细菌和昆虫，从而破坏土地。化学物质还会在地里和地下水中保存很长时间，而这会影响到农作物，进而影响到动物和人类，因为化学成分会进入到农作物中，并且不能被冲洗掉。随着时间的推移，食物中的这些化学成分会在人体中堆积。很多化学成分能导致癌症或其他疾病。另外，施过化肥的水果、蔬菜和其他食物通常生长得过快而营养不足。它们表面上很好看，但是里面通常是含过多的水分，而不是维他命和矿物质。‎ 由于这些发现，一些农民和许多消费者开始转向有机耕作。有机耕作就是不用任何化学肥料的耕作。农民关心的是保持土壤肥沃并且免受病害。健康的土壤会减少病虫害并且帮助农作物茁壮成长。因此，有机耕作的农民通常喜欢把天然的动物粪便当作肥料，他们认为这样会使田地更富含矿物质，因而也会更加肥沃，同时还可以让空气、土壤、水以及农作物不受化学物质的污染。‎ 有机耕作的农民也使用很多其他的方法来保持土壤肥沃。在同一块地里，他们经常每隔几年就换种农作物。例如：种玉米或小麦后，来年再改种豌豆或大豆。像豌豆和大豆这样的农作物将重要的矿物质带回土壤，从而使之适宜于要求土壤肥沃的农作物，比如小麦或玉米。有机耕作的农民还种植多种农作物来利用不同层次的土壤。比如，他们先种植生长于浅层土壤的花生，然后再种植生根于深层土壤的蔬菜。还有一些有机耕作者喜欢在农作物之间种草，以防止水土流失，并且把草留在地里，从而成为来年农作物的天然肥料。这些许多不同的有 机耕作的方法有着同样的目标：种植好的粮食，避免损害环境或者是人们的健康。‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．From his sunburnt face，we can know he spends much time working under the sun.‎ ‎2．Hunger is still a big problem in the world，for many people haven’t enough to eat.‎ ‎3．The output of coal must be increased to meet the need of electricity.‎ ‎4．People have so much freedom to choose their jobs that they can do whatever they like.‎ ‎5．I don’t think the job suitable for you.You’d better choose another one.‎ ‎6．This area is rich in minerals and the need for miners is great.‎ ‎7．The river expands and forms a lake.‎ ‎8．He is considering ridding of the weeds in the garden，for they are affecting the growth of the flowers.‎ ‎9．The factories are trying to reduce pollution to an even lower level so that we can have a better environment.‎ ‎10．The flood rose to a level of 60 feet.‎ Ⅱ.句型转换 ‎1．I’m just getting ready for school.‎ I am preparing for school.‎ ‎2．He comes to see me every week.‎ He comes to see me every seven days.‎ ‎3．He didn’t study hard；as a result，he failed.‎ As a result of his laziness，he failed.‎ ‎4．A heavy rain stopped me coming here yesterday.‎ A heavy rain prevented me from coming here yesterday.‎ ‎5．No matter what you say，I won’t listen to you.‎ Whatever you say，I won’t listen to you.‎ ‎6．His company becomes larger and larger.‎ His business is expanding.‎ ‎7．There is no doubt that he will attend the party.‎ It is certain that he will attend the party.‎ ‎8．He suggested that the work should be started at once.‎ He advised that the work be done at once.‎ ‎9．The result of the contest satisfied the teachers.‎ The teachers were satisfied with the result of the contest.‎ ‎10．The project had to be stopped because they were short of money.‎ The project had to be stopped because of lacking money.‎ Ⅲ.完成句子 ‎1．Over the past half century，using_chemical_fertilizers_has_become_very_common ‎_in_farming (在耕作中使用化肥已非常普遍)．‎ ‎2．Many farmers welcomed them as_a_great_way_to_stop_crop_disease_and_increase_‎ production(把他们作为防治农作物病虫害和提高产量的重要手段)．‎ ‎3．These chemicals in the food supply build_up_in_people’s_bodies_over_time (随着时间的推移会在人体中堆积)．‎ ‎4．The farmers focus on keeping_their_soil_rich_and_free_of_disease (保持土壤肥沃并免受病害)．‎ ‎5．With these discoveries，some farmers and many customers are_beginning_to_turn_to_‎ organic_farming(开始转向有机耕作)．‎ ‎6．In_addition (另外)，fruit，vegetables and other food grown with chemical fertilizers usually grow_too_fast_to_be_full_of_much_nutrition (生长得过快而营养不足)．‎ ‎7．They feel that this makes the soil in their fields richer in minerals and_so_more_fertile (因而也会更加肥沃)．‎ ‎8．A healthy soil reduces disease and helps_crops_grow_strong_and_healthy (帮助农作物茁壮成长)．‎ ‎9．Eating more vegetables might_not_always_be_good_for_us (并不总是对我们有好处)．‎ ‎10．It_is_certain_to_be_healthy_and_safe (肯定是健康和安全的)for people’s health.‎ Ⅳ.单项填空　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎1．It’s expensive.Can you reduce the price ________ a third？‎ A.to B．by C．of D．at 答案　B ‎ 解析　reduce(...)to...(把……)减少到……；reduce (...)by...把(……)减少了……。由题意可知应是把价格减少，故选B。‎ ‎2．—Why don’t we take a little break?‎ ‎—Didn’t we just have ________？‎ A．it B．that C．one D．this 答案　C 解析　one用于指代同类事物中的一个；it特指上文中提到的事物，即同一个；this这个；that那个。答句句意为：我们不是刚刚休息过吗？‎ ‎3．At sea the wind can build ________ giant，powerful waves.‎ A．in B．up C．on D．down 答案　B 解析　句意为：在海上，风能形成巨大强劲的波浪。build up逐渐增强；建立；开发。build in安装；固定；build on建立于；指望；build down降低；衰减，三者皆不符合题意。‎ ‎4．Each chapter concludes with a short ________.‎ A．declaration B．fiction C．composition D．summary 答案　D 解析　句意为：每个章节都以简短的总结结束。summary总结；概要。declaration指正式的官方立场、态度等的声明；fiction虚构；小说；composition作文；写作。‎ ‎5．—Do you believe me?‎ ‎—________，I’ll believe ________ you say.‎ A．No；whatever B．Yes；however C．No；however D．Yes；whatever 答案　D 解析　‎ 首先由答语的后半句看出，应该使用肯定回答，由此排除A和C；又因答语中say后缺少宾语，所以只能用代词whatever作say的宾语。‎ ‎6．Most homeless people are ________ with tents，food and drink.‎ A．supplied B．given C．offered D．burnt 答案　A 解析　supply sb. with sth.＝sb. be supplied with sth.向某人提供某物。‎ ‎7．Her poor English often ________ misunderstanding when she first went to England many years ago.‎ A．arose from B．resulted from C．led to D．lay in 答案　C 解析　句意为：由于她的英语很差，因而许多年前她第一次去英国时常引起误会。lead to导致；造成(后果)。arise from(＝result from)起因于；lie in在于……；由于……。‎ ‎8．It’s quite strange that the man sleeps with his mouth ________ and his eyes ________.‎ A．closed；open B．closed；opened C．closing；open D．closing；opening 答案　A ‎ 解析　考查with复合结构：with＋宾语＋宾语补足语。closed和open两个形容词分别作his mouth和his eyes的宾补，用于说明宾语的状态。‎ ‎9．________ the timely rain，our crops are saved.‎ A．Thanking to B．Thanks to C．Thanking for D．Thanks for 答案　B 解析　thanks to幸亏；由于，是固定搭配。句意为：幸亏这场及时雨，我们的庄稼得救了。‎ ‎10．John is the tallest boy in the class，________ according to himself.‎ A．five foot eight as tall as B．as tall as five foot eight C．as five foot eight tall as D．as tall five foot eight as ‎ 答案　B 解析　five foot eight五英尺八英寸，放在as tall ‎ as后面表示John的身高。‎ ‎11．He offered to ________ me with another ticket free ________ charge.‎ A．give；from B．provide；from C．supply；from D．supply；of 答案　D ‎ 解析　空格后有with，第一空填supply，构成supply...with的搭配。第二空填of，free of charge意为“免费的”，作后置定语修饰another ticket。‎ ‎12．I’m determined to climb the mountain，________ there may be a lot of difficulties.‎ A．as if B．when C．even though D．since 答案　C 解析　用even though(即使)引导让步状语从句。‎ ‎13．The forest guards often find campfires that have not been ________ completely.‎ A．turned down B．put out C．put away D．turned over 答案　B 解析　A项当“拒绝(请求/建议)”或“降低(声音)”解；B项作“扑灭”解；C项意为“把……收起来放好”；D项的意思是“把……翻转过来”或“把……递交给……”。句意为：护林员经常发现没有被完全熄灭的露营火。故选B项。‎ ‎14．________ with what he had already，the new stamps were not very interesting.‎ A．Compare B．Comparing C．Compared D．To compare 答案　C 解析　compare常用结构为：compare A with B把A与B作比较；compare A to B把A比作B；compare with (to)．..和……比起来。句意为：和他已有的相比，这几张新邮票算不上有趣。‎ ‎15．—What had made you so happy，Mary?‎ ‎—Oh，I’ve just ________ an old friend I haven’t seen for years.‎ A．come upon B．come in C．come out D．come up 答案　A 解析　come upon表示“偶然发现或遇见某人某物”；come in表示 ‎“进入”；come out表示“出现，显现”；come up表示(种子、植物等)长出地面；走近；被提出。句意为：——什么使你那么高兴，玛丽？——噢，我刚刚遇到一位多年未见的老朋友。‎ ‎ Ⅴ.短文改错 I’m glad to write to you.It has been a month since you our hospital.I’m still worried about you. are you getting along these days? I think you may be much better now.But you’d better to have a good rest and take good care yourself, for you are a sixtyyearold man.I still remember those days you helped me with my English.With your help， made a little progress. to my regret, my English very bad though I work hard at it.Can you give me some on it? ‎ Ⅵ.书面表达 假定你住在一个涉外小区。社区委员会请你帮忙用英文以短文形式写一封电子邮件，将周末农家采摘活动的安排传达给住户。‎ 要点：‎ 时间：下周六上午8∶00至11∶00‎ 内容：采摘苹果 报名：办公室，下周四下午5∶00前 提示：带帽子、手套 欢迎踊跃参加 注意：1.词数100左右，开头已为你写好；‎ ‎2．可适当增加细节以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．参考词汇：社区community ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ 参考范文 Hi，everyone!‎ The committee of our community will arrange our residents to pick up apples from 8∶00～11∶00 next Saturday.It will do good to our health and we can have a chance to relax.If you are willing to join in the activity，please sign up for it before 5∶00 in the afternoon of next Thursday.Please prepare caps and gloves in advance.‎ Welcome everyone’s attending.‎ Thanks a lot.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as shortterm teachers，almost three times the number hired last year，________ reduce unemployment pressures.(江苏高考)‎ A．help B．to have helped C．to help D．having helped 答案　C 解析　根据句意可知此处应该选动词不定式作目的状语。‎ 课文原文 ‎ ‎...for he works the land to_do_his_research.‎ My uncle’s house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours，but it is twice ________ expensive.(四川高考)‎ A．as B．so C．too D．very 答案　A 解析　but分句实际上是一个省略句，补充完整为：but it is twice as expensive as ours。‎ 课文原文 Using his hybrid rice，farmers are producing harvests twice_as_large_as_before.‎ The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities ________ rising steadily since 1997.(山东高考)‎ A．is B．are C．has been D．have been 答案　C 解析　“the number of＋n.”作主语时，其谓语动词用单数形式；由since 1997可知句子的时态应用现在完成时。‎ 课文原文 These increased harvests mean that 22% of the world’s people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in China.‎ ‎________ twice，the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.(北京高考)‎ A．Being bitten B．Bitten C．Having bitten D．To be bitten 答案　B 解析　Bitten twice在句中作状语，bite与句子主语the postman之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词作状语，表示被动。‎ 课文原文 Born into a poor farmer’s family in 1930，Dr.Yuan graduated from Southwest Agricultural College in 1953.‎ Excuse me，Marcia，a reporter from Vanity Fair ________ all day.Could you speak to her now？(辽宁高考)‎ A．phones B．has phoned C．has been phoning D．phoned 答案　C 解析　句意为：对不起，玛西娅，一位来自Vanity Fair的记者一整天都在打电话，你现在能和她通话吗？表示过去开始的动作一直持续进行到现在用现在完成进行时。题干中all day表示一段时间。‎