高考英语一轮复习精讲学案：选修7 Unit 3 Under the sea

高考英语一轮复习精讲学案：选修7 Unit 3 Under the sea

Unit 3 Under the sea Ⅰ.重要单词聚焦 ‎1． adj.　　　每年的；按年度计算的 ‎ n. 年刊；年鉴 ‎2． vt. 当场见到；目击 ‎ n. 目击者；证人；证据 ‎3． n. 住所；住宿 ‎4． n. 岸；海滨 ‎5． vi.& vt. 逃避；逃跑；逃离 ‎6． vt. 拖；拉；扯 annual witness accommodation shore flee drag ‎7． adv. 其间；同时 ‎8． vt. 催促，极力主张 ‎9． vt. 放弃；遗弃；抛弃 ‎10． n. 关系；血缘关系；交往 ‎11． n. 目标，靶，受批评的对象 ‎12． vi. 映射，反射 vt.& vi. 思考 ‎13． adj. 纯的；纯洁的 ‎14． adj. 意识到的；知道的 ‎15． adj. 生动的，鲜明的 meantime urge abandon relationship target reflect pure aware vivid ‎16． adj. 狭窄的；有限的；狭隘的 ‎17． adj. 锐利的；锋利的；敏捷的 ‎18． vt.& vi. 恐吓；受惊吓 ‎19． adj. 浅的；肤浅的；浅湿的 ‎20． n. 养老金；退休金 narrow sharp scare shallow pension Ⅱ.重点短语扫描 ‎1．in the 在此期间；与此同时 ‎2．be/become of 对……知道、明白；意识到……‎ ‎3．(be) to death 吓死了 ‎4．draw 靠近 ‎5．Hold 阻挡 ‎6．help (...) 帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难 ‎7．upside 上下翻转 meantime aware scared near up out down ‎8．Sort 整理；分类；收拾 ‎9． at 瞄准 ‎10．be to do sth. 正要做某事 out aim about Ⅲ.课文原句突破 ‎1．The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding me—purples，reds，oranges，yellows，blues and greens.‎ ‎[信息提取]　be/become aware of意识到，明白，知道。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　大家都知道他们相处不和睦。‎ ‎________ ________ ________ ________they didn’t get along well.‎ ‎【答案】　Everyone was aware that ‎2．It was a time when the killer whales，or “killers” as they were then called，helped the whalers catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.‎ ‎[信息提取]　It was a time when...这一段……时期……。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　这是一段妇女没有选举权的时期。‎ ‎________ ________ ________ ________ ________women had no right to vote.‎ ‎【答案】　It was a time when ‎3．I saw James being firmly held up in the water by Old Tom.‎ ‎[信息提取]　hold up举起，抬起，使耽误。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　我举手表示有问题。‎ I ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________that I had a question.‎ ‎【答案】　held up my hand to show ‎4．Without pausing we jumped into the boat with the other whalers and headed out into the bay.‎ ‎[信息提取]　head vt.& vi.朝……方向移动。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　我们将船驶向岸边。‎ We________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________.‎ ‎【答案】　headed the boat for the shore witness ‎(1)vt.当场见到；目击 Many people were shocked by the violent scenes they had witnessed.很多人被亲眼目睹的暴虐场面吓呆了。‎ The year 2008 has witnessed increasing unemployment.‎ ‎2008年是失业日益加剧的一年。‎ He witnessed to having seen the man enter the room.‎ 他证明看到那个人进入房间。‎ ‎(2)n.目击者，证人，证据 bear/give witness作证；证明 One witness to the accident said that the driver appeared to be drunk.一位事故目击者说，司机好像喝醉了。‎ His good health is a witness to the success of the treatment.‎ 他身体健康证明这种疗法是成功的。‎ ‎1．Many people________the car accident，so it was not difficult to investigate.‎ A．witnessed　　　　　　　　B．urged C．swallowed D．drugged ‎【解析】　句意为“许多人看到了那起车祸，所以不难调查”。在这个句子中，witness意为“目睹”。urge催促；swallow淹没，吞下；drug使服毒品，此三个词不符合句子的意思 。‎ ‎【答案】　A flee (fled；fled) vi.& vt.‎ ‎(1)逃走，逃避 The family fled from the buring house.‎ 那家人从燃烧的房子里逃出了。‎ He fled his hometown during the war.‎ 战争期间他逃离了家乡。‎ Why does he always flee any kind of responsibility?‎ 他为什么总是逃避任何责任？‎ ‎(2)消失，消散 His hopes fled when he lost the election.‎ 当他落选时，他的希望就破灭了。‎ ‎2．The thieves have already________the city，so it is difficult for the police to arrest them.‎ A．fled B．ran away C．escaped D．got rid of ‎【解析】　表示“逃离某地”时，ran away和escaped后需加from，got rid of则不合句意。‎ ‎【答案】　A abandon vt.‎ ‎(1)(不顾责任，义务等)离弃；遗弃；抛弃 ‎①We can’t abandon our hope.Everything will go well.‎ 我们不能放弃希望，一切会好的。‎ ‎②The child was abandoned/deserted by his parents.‎ 这孩子被父母遗弃了。‎ ‎③Hong Zhanhui brought up a girl abandoned by her parents.‎ 洪战辉抚养了一个被父母遗弃的女孩。 ‎ ‎④The match was abandoned because of bad weather.‎ 比赛因为天气恶劣而取消了。‎ ‎(2)陷入；沉湎于(某种感情)‎ abandon oneself to sth.陷入；沉湎于某种感情 ‎⑤The young man abandoned himself to despair.‎ 这个年轻人陷入绝望。‎ ‎3．A good mother would not________her baby.‎ A．abandon B．leave C．adapt D．quit ‎【解析】　句意为：一个好母亲是不会丢弃自己的孩子的。‎ ‎【答案】　A reflect ‎(1)vt.反射，映射 Sean’s strong love for his country is reflected in his recently published poems.‎ 肖恩对祖国的强烈热爱之情在他最近出版的诗歌中反映出来。‎ His face was reflected in the mirror.他的脸映照在镜子里。‎ Does this letter reflect how you really think?‎ 这封信是否反映你真实的想法？‎ ‎(2)vi.& vt.思考 reflect on/upon sth.思考某事 She sat reflecting on how much had changed since she had bought the farm.‎ 她坐着，在思考自从她买下这个农场以来发生了多少变化。‎ I’m reflecting on what to do next.‎ 我正在考虑下一步做什么。‎ reflection n．反射；反照；反映；映像 be lost in reflection陷入沉思中 After long reflection we decided to buy that house.‎ 经过长时间的慎重考虑，我们决定买下那所房子。‎ The moon looks bright because of the reflection of light.‎ 月亮由于光的反射看上去很亮。‎ ‎4．The likely reactions of the market need to be________before we acted.‎ A．considered on B．based on C．relied on D．reflected on ‎【解析】　句意为：在我们采取行动前要仔细考虑市场上可能出现的反应。reflect on/upon意为“考虑，沉思”，符合句意。若选A项，则应去掉on。‎ ‎【答案】　D help (...) out帮助(某人)摆脱困境或危难；协助；使(某人)脱离困境 Can you help me out with the maths problem?‎ 你能帮我解出这道数学题吗？‎ He helped the old man out of the car.‎ 他帮助那位老人从汽车里出来。‎ ‎(1)can’t help (to) do sth.不能帮着干某事(不定式为目的状语)‎ can’t help doing sth.禁不住做某事 can’t help but do sth.不得不做某事 ‎(2)help oneself (to sth.)自用，自取所需(食物等)‎ help sb.with sth.帮助某人做某事 I can’t help wondering what happened to that little girl.‎ 我忍不住想知道那个小女孩出了什么事。‎ ‎5．The passengers had a chat with the college students______as conductors during the summer vacation.‎ A．help out B．helped out C．to help out D．helping out ‎【解析】　本题考查非谓语动词。动词不定式作后置定语表示一个将要发生的动作，过去分词表示一个已经发生了的被动的动作，故B、C两项均不符合题意。句意为：旅客们同那几个在暑假临时帮忙充当列车员的大学生聊天。‎ ‎【答案】　D be/become aware of对……知道，明白；意识到……‎ Most people are aware of the dangers of driving after drinking.‎ 大多数人知道酒后开车的危险。‎ I don’t think you’re aware of how important this means to me.‎ 我想你还不知道这对我有多重要。‎ be aware thatclause知道，体会到……‎ make sb.aware that...提醒某人注意……‎ make sb.aware of...使某人注意到……‎ as far as I’m aware据我所知 She became aware that something had been stolen.‎ 她发觉东西被偷了。‎ ‎6．Most parents are not________the danger of their babies’ eating jelly，which causes most unfortunate incidents to happen.‎ A．well aware to B．very aware of C．aware that D．well aware of ‎【解析】　考查形容词用法。空白处后面不是句子，故排除C项；aware后面接of，故排除A项；另外表示“清醒地，充分地认识到”时，表语形容词aware的修饰语应使用well，不用very。‎ ‎【答案】　D ahead of ‎(1)(时间、空间)在……前面 I finished the work several days ahead of the deadline.‎ 我在最后期限的前几天完成了工作。‎ ‎(2)领先 She’s always been ahead of the other students.‎ 她一直领先于其他学生。‎ As a writer，Sterne was ahead of his time.‎ 作为一个作家，斯特恩领先于他所处的时代。‎ go ahead 干吧，说吧，开始干，进行 ‎—May I use your bike？我可以用用你的自行车吗？‎ ‎—Go ahead！用吧。‎ Even if the weather is bad，the performance will go ahead.‎ 即使天气不好，演出也会照常进行。‎ ‎7．(2008年全国卷Ⅱ)—Could I ask you a rather personal question?‎ ‎—Sure，________.‎ A．pardon me B．go ahead C．good idea D．forget it ‎【解析】　句意为：——我可以问你一个私人问题吗？——当然可以，说吧。pardon me请再说一遍；go ahead干吧，说吧，用吧；good idea好主意；forget it没关系，不必在意；(表示不想重复说过的话)别提它了；住嘴。‎ ‎【答案】　B hold up ‎(1)举起，抬起 I held up my hand to show that I had a question.‎ 我举手表示有问题。‎ ‎(2)承受住，支撑 The chair was too weak to hold him up.‎ 椅子支撑不住他的体重。‎ ‎(3)阻挡，使耽误 We were held up on our way to the airport in a traffic jam.‎ 我们在前往机场的路上因为堵车而延误了。‎ ‎(4)提出(作为榜样)‎ The teacher held him up as an example to the class.‎ 老师选他作为全班的榜样。‎ hold down 压制，抑制，缩减，垂下 hold back 踌躇，阻止，抑制，隐瞒 hold on 继续，不挂断，停止 hold out伸出，提供，维持，阻止，制止 Could you hold on？I’ll just see if the manager’s in.‎ 你不要挂断电话好吗？我去看一看经理在不在。‎ The boss was unable to hold back his anger any longer.‎ 老板再也抑制不住怒火了。‎ ‎8．(2008年辽宁卷)You have to be a fairly good speaker to________listeners’ interest for over an hour.‎ A．hold B．make ‎ C．improve D．receive ‎【解析】　hold one’s interest使某人保持兴趣。B项“制造；做”；C项“改善，提升”；D项“接收”。‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎9．(2008年福建卷)________a moment and I will go to your rescue.‎ A．Go on B．Hold on C．Move on D．Carry on ‎【解析】　go on继续；hold on抓住不放，坚持；move on继续前进；carry on 继续进行；根据后句的I will go to your rescue可知，这里应是“坚持住”“别松手”。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎10．What a pity！I missed meeting my boss at the airport because my car was________in the traffic jam.‎ A．broken up B．kept back C．held up D．kept up ‎【答案】　C There were other creatures that I didn’t want to get too close to—an eel with its strong sharp teeth，with only its head showing from a hole，watching for a tasty fish (or my tasty toe！)；and the giant clam half buried in some coral waiting for something to swim in between its thick green lips.‎ 还有一些其他的动物，我不想太靠近它们——一条带有利齿的海鳗，从洞穴里探出头来，望着可供美餐的鱼过来(或者在等着我美味的脚趾伸过去！)；一个巨大的蛤蜊半掩在珊瑚礁中，等待着有什么东西游过来，游到它宽厚的绿嘴唇中去。‎ ‎“with复合结构”表示动作或伴随情况，在句中一般作定语或状语。它的构成形式为with＋名词＋形容词/副词/现在分词/过去分词/动词不定式/介词短语。‎ ‎(1)with＋n.＋介词短语 The teacher entered the classroom with a thick dictionary in his hand/under his arm.老师进了教室，手里拿着一本厚词典/胳膊底下夹着一本厚词典。‎ ‎(2)with＋n.＋adj.‎ I like sleeping with all the windows open.‎ 我喜欢开着窗子睡觉。‎ ‎(3)with＋n.＋to do sth.‎ With all the clothes to wash，I will be very busy today.‎ 所有的衣服都要洗，今天我将会很忙。‎ ‎(4)with＋n.＋doing sth.‎ With the boy leading the way，they had no difficulty in finding the house.有那个男孩领路，他们很容易就找到了那栋房子。‎ ‎(5)with＋n.＋done With his homework finished，the boy went out to play.‎ 做完作业后，那男孩出去玩了。‎ ‎(6)with＋n.＋adv.‎ With her mother away，the little girl left lonely.‎ 由于妈妈离开了，小女孩感到孤独。‎ ‎11．(2008年福建卷)You have no idea how she finished the relay race________her foot wounded so much.‎ A．for B．when C．with D．While ‎【解析】　句意为：你根本就无法体会，在脚伤得那么厉害的情况下她是怎样完成接力比赛的。这里是一个with＋n./pron.＋done/adj.的复合结构。要注意her foot wounded so much不是一个完整句子，所以不能用连词when，while，for引导，选B项可以这样改When her foot were wounded so much for。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎12．(2007年安徽卷)John received an invitation to dinner，and with his work________，he gladly accepted it.‎ A．finished B．finishing C．having finished D．was finished ‎【解析】　“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构中，宾补表示完成用过去分词。‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎13．With a lot of difficult problems________，the newlyelected president is having a hard time.‎ A．settled B．to settle C．settling D．being settled ‎【解析】　本题考查with复合结构。句意为“新当选的总统有很多问题要去解决，要面临一段困难时期”。根据题意可知问题还未解决，故用不定式来表示，且用主动代被动。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎14．With some books he needed________，he went out of the bookstore quickly.‎ A．to buy B．bought C．buying D．buy ‎【答案】　B ‎15．It was a pity that the great writer died________his works unfinished.‎ A．for B．with C．from D．of ‎【解析】　该题要表达这位伟大的作家没有完成他的著作就死去了。with his works unfinished在这里构成复合结构，表示伴随情况。‎ ‎【答案】　B Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．He________(逃跑) to London after an argument with his family.‎ ‎【答案】　fled ‎2．You must be very careful to cut meat with this________(锋利的) knife.‎ ‎【答案】　sharp ‎3．The doctor will be here soon.In the________(同时)，try and relax.‎ ‎【答案】　meantime ‎4．Does this letter________(反映) what you really think of the issue?‎ ‎【答案】　reflect ‎5．The witness gave a very________(生动的) description of the accident this morning.‎ ‎【答案】　vivid Ⅱ.选词填空 help out；be aware of；in the meantime；scare sb....into；ahead of ‎1．By working hard，Mary got____________the rest of the class.‎ ‎【答案】　ahead of ‎2．He doesn’t seem to____________________the importance of learning English.‎ ‎【答案】　be aware of ‎3．They________the little boy________stealing foods in the supermarket.‎ ‎【答案】　scared；into ‎4．Supper won’t be ready for an hour._______________，let’s set the table.‎ ‎【答案】　In the meantime ‎5．He________me________with the difficult physics problem.‎ ‎【答案】　helped；out Ⅲ.巧思妙解 ‎1．—Which film shall we go and see?‎ ‎—I’ll________it to you.‎ A．have B．leave C．choose D．let ‎【解析】　leave sth.to sb.把某事交由某人处理，把某事托付给某人。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎2．When he came back，he found the bag he had________over the seat was gone.‎ A．left to hang B．left hanging C．left hung D．to leave hanging ‎【解析】　bag是先行词，后面是一个定语从句，引导词that/which作leave的宾语是可以省略的。句意为“当他回来时，他发现挂在座位上的包不见了”。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎3．This problem may lead to more serious ones if________unsolved.‎ A．making B．remained C．keeping D．left ‎【解析】　由句意可知，“问题”是被遗留，而A、C两项皆为主动形式，B项本身没有被动形式，应排除。完整的句子是if it is left unsolved，故选D项。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎4．I’ve________my umbrella in the office and I’ll have to fetch it.‎ A．forgot B．left C．remained D．lost ‎【解析】　leave遗留，忘带。句意为：我把雨伞落在办公室了，我得去取回来。‎ ‎【答案】　B Ⅳ.语法专练 本单元语法—被动语态 ‎1．When I called Mrs Smith to ask how things were，she told me that fourfifths of the houses________.‎ A．have been selling out B．are selling out C．had been sold out D．have sold out ‎【解析】　houses与sell out之间是被动关系，且这个动作发生在主句动作之前，故用过去完成时的被动语态。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎2．The book which deals with the cultures and customs of Canada________well in China.‎ A．is sold B．is selling C．was sold D．had sold ‎【解析】　sell在此表示主语的特性，sell well“畅销”，用主动形式。根据句意：这本书在中国正卖得很好，故用进行时的主动形式。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎3．It’s a custom in China to have some tea or other drinks before the meal________.‎ A．serves B．served C．is served D．to be served ‎【解析】　the meal is served中serve意为“端上，开(饭)”。serve dinner端上饭；serve coffee hot趁热端上咖啡；serve sb.heart and soul全心全意为某人服务。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎4．—Let’s hurry.The film is beginning.‎ ‎—Oh，I was afraid that the beginning________.‎ A．is already missed ‎ B．will be missed C．has already been missed ‎ D．had already been missed ‎【解析】　句意为：——我们快点吧。电影要开演了。——噢，我还担心开头部分我们已经错过了呢。第一个人说电影要开演了，而第二个人站在过去的角度说恐怕错过了电影的开头，说明这与事实不一致，含有与现在事实相反的虚拟意味，电影和错过又为动宾关系，故选D。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎5．—She didn’t speak to me yesterday.She was unhappy.‎ ‎—Well，she seemed to________about it.‎ A．have been told B．be told C．having been told D．being told ‎【解析】　句意为：——昨天她没和我讲话。她不高兴了。——似乎有人把那件事告诉她了。根据句意，可把设空部分改为：It seemed that she had been told about that.然后考虑用to have been told形式。‎ ‎【答案】　A