初中7年级英语教案：第8讲 句型复习

初中7年级英语教案：第8讲 句型复习

辅导教案 学员姓名： 学科教师：‎ 年 级：七年级 辅导科目： 英语 ‎ 授课日期 ‎××年××月××日 时 间 A / B / C / D / E / F段 主 题 句型复习 教学内容 ‎（本次课的重点、难点以及达到怎样的情感目标）‎ ‎1. 掌握三个基本句型并能在语境中灵活运用；‎ ‎2. 能把三个句型运用到写作中去。‎ 教学建议：‎ ‎1. 同步检测部分要求学生在5分钟内完成；‎ ‎2. 学生之间相互批改;‎ ‎3. 要求学生更正，错误率过高的学生下次课再次抽默或者课后再次默写。‎ I. 同步检测 (7B U7)‎ 单词默写 1. 妻子： wife 2. 小屋： hut 3. 仙子；小精灵： fairy 4. 金，金子；黄金： gold 5. 硬币： coin 6. 幸福： happiness 1. 口袋： pocket 2. 挣得；挣钱： earn 3. 回答： reply 4. 消失： disappear 5. 投票；表决；选举： vote 6. 工作努力的；辛勤的： hard-working 7. 舒服的： comfortable 8. 贪婪的： greedy 9. 永远： forever 10. 虽然；尽管；即使： although II. 图文赏析 教学建议：‎ 1. 看图片文字，结合图片内容，猜测句子所表达的意思。‎ 2. 分析句型，找出neitiher, nor， so放在句首时句子倒装的规律。‎ 教学建议：‎ 此部分句型复习建议老师让学生多操练，除了相应的练习题还要进行总结造句等练习，旨在帮助学生把这些句型灵活运用的写作中去。‎ I． 句型复习 句型一: So do I. /Neither do I.‎ ‎(1) So…I表示同意对方的话语，意为“我也是”。So和I间的助动词由上下文决定。‎ ‎-I like playing computer games. ‎ ‎-So do I. ‎ ‎-I went to the cinema last night. ‎ ‎-So did I. ‎ ‎-I can paint well. ‎ ‎-So can I. ‎ ‎-My brother is a doctor. ‎ ‎-So is Mary’s. ‎ ‎(2) Neither…I也是用来附和对方的话语，意为“我也不……”。与So…I不同的是，So…I的上文为肯定句，而Neither…I的上文是否定句。Neither…I中的助动词也是由上下文决定。同样这里的人称并不仅限于I。‎ ‎ -I don't like films about love stories. ‎ ‎ -Neither do I. ‎ ‎-I have never been to Beijing. ‎ ‎ -Neither has Mary. ‎ ‎-My brother can’t play the piano. ‎ ‎ -Neither can his. ‎ ‎-I didn’t like pop music.‎ ‎-Neither did I.‎ ‎(3) 这两种结构的不同点 ‎① “So+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”依附于肯定句, =“I do, too”。‎ ‎② “Neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”依附于否定句, =“I don't, either"。‎ ‎ Peter watched TV last night; so did Ann. ‎ ‎ Mary didn't watch TV last night; neither did Jill. ‎ 练习：‎ I. Blank Filling ‎1. He can ride a bike, so ____I. ‎ ‎2. Tom doesn’t like bananas. Neither his wife. ‎ ‎3. If you won’t go, neither I. ‎ ‎4. James didn’t attend the meeting and neither Jane.‎ ‎5. Tom studies hard. So Mary.‎ ‎6. I don’t like ice cream. she.‎ ‎7. I didn’t meet him. they.‎ ‎8. I was at the party last night. Alice.‎ ‎9. She can’t speak Chinese. he.‎ ‎10. I haven’t finished homework. Mary.‎ II. Multiple Choices ‎( ) 1. If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party, _______‎ ‎　 A. he will either B. neither will he C. he neither will D. either he will ‎( ) 2. You forgot your purse. _______Mary.‎ ‎ A. So did B. So was C. Did so D. Neither did ‎( ) 3. —I don’t know Jim quarreled with his brother. —_______.‎ A. Nor don’t I B. Neither do I C. I don’t neither D. I don’t also ‎( ) 4. —The fish smells terrible! —_______.‎ A. So does the meat B. So the meat does ‎ C. So does the fish D. So the meat is ‎( ) 5. Jim was in the supermarket just now. _______his mother.‎ A. Neither is B. Neither was C. So is D. So was ‎ 句型二: It is+形容词+to do ‎ 1. It is+ adj. +to do sth. 做某事…‎ It’s easy to learn swimming. 学游泳很简单。It is interesting to learn some new skills after school.‎ 2. It is+ adj./n. +for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事真是太……了。‎ 本句型中的形容词通常是表示客观情况的。如：easy, hard, difficult, important, necessary, impossible, interesting等。‎ It was difficult for him to finish the work on time. ‎ ‎ It is necessary for us to study English well.‎ ‎ It is not hard for one to get up early. ‎ ‎ It is a different experience for me to live in a foreign country.‎ It is a waste of time for her to recover from the illness. ‎ 练习: Sentence Translation 1. 这太贵了，我买不起。  It’s too expensive for me to buy.  ‎ 2. 我是不可能离开家的。  It’s impossible for me to leave my family.  ‎ 3. 坐飞机对她是—次新经历。It’s a new experience for her to be travelling by plane.   ‎ 4. 解决这个问题太容易了。 It is too easy to solve the problem 1. 如果be动词后面接指有关人的赞美或批评的形容词 (如：clever，kind，foolish等) 时，动词不定式前常加一个of引导的短语来说明动词不定式所指的对象。‎ It is very kind of you to come and meet us. ‎ It is foolish of them to trust a stranger.‎ 练习： “for” or “of”‎ ‎1. It was stupid ________ me to talk in that way to my mother.‎ ‎　　2. It is very important ________ us to master English.‎ ‎　　3. It was impossible ________ the little boy to carry such a heavy box.‎ ‎　　4. It is smart ________ them to make good use of the Internet.‎ ‎　　keys:1.of   2.for  3.for  4.of 句型三： make句型 ‎ ‎(1) “make+宾语+形容词”。‎ We are working hard to make our country more beautiful. ‎ ‎ The news made him very happy. ‎ ‎(2) “make+宾语+名词”。‎ We made him our monitor. 我们都选他当班长。‎ ‎(3) “make sb. do sth.” 意为“使某人做某事” ‎ The boy makes faces just to make others laugh. 这个男孩做鬼脸的目的是让其他人笑。‎ Aunt Wang tried to make us stay for supper.王阿姨要留我们吃晚饭。‎ My boss makes me work 12 hours a day. 我的老板让我每天工作12个小时。‎ 注意: V. sb. (not) do sth. 类似用法的动词还有：let, have ‎ make/let/have sb. do sth.‎ tell/ask/invite??‎ The sad story made most of the children cry.‎ The teacher made/let/had him wait outside.‎ ‎ His father made/let/had him do the exercise again.‎ 练习：‎ I. Multiple Choices ‎1. The headmaster’s praise for our wonderful performance made us all _____ happily. ‎ ‎ A. smile B.to smile C. smiling D. smiled ‎2. It has little effect on the study if you make the students all the time. ‎ A.to write B. write C. writes D. wrote ‎3. You should not have your son all the time. ‎ A.to study B. studying C. study D. studies ‎4. The angry teacher let the poor girl _______down the sentences over and over again. ‎ A write B. writing C. to write D. wrote ‎5. The smoke from the factory made us ________ sick. ‎ A felt B.to feel C. feel D. feeling ‎6. My parents usually let me __________ a lot of outdoor activities at weekends. ‎ A. did B. do C. doing D. to do ‎7. It's not good to let your pet _________ too much at a time. ‎ A to eat B. eating C. eats D. eat ‎8. You had better have John ______milk and bread for breakfast himself. He's ten years old now. ‎ ‎ A. buys B. buy C. to buy D .buying ‎2. Blank Filling ‎1. 吃得太多使他生病了。‎ Eating too much _______ _______ _______.‎ ‎2. 昨晚父亲让我学习到11点钟。‎ My father _______ _______ _______ till eleven last night.‎ ‎3. 因车辆噪音太大，他无法让人听到他的声音。‎ He couldn’t make _______ _______ because of the noise of the traffic. ‎ ‎4. 我们想让李明当班长。‎ We want to _______ Li Ming our _______.‎ keys: 1. made him ill 2. made me study 3. himself heard 4. make, monitor ‎【总结】‎ A. make sb. _______ (do / to do) sth.意为“(迫) 使某人做某事”。‎ B. make sb. / sth. + _______ (形容词 / 副词) 意为“使……处于某种状态”。‎ C. make sb. / sth. +________(形容词 / 名词) 意为“使……成为……”、“让……当……”。‎ D. make sb. / sth. done的宾语和宾语补足语之间是________(主动 / 被动)关系。‎ II．阅读训练 教学建议：‎ 1. 让学生在限定时间内完成阅读；‎ 2. 让学生之间相互对答案；‎ 3. 让学生自己解释和别人答案不同的题目以便老师了解学生的解题思路及错误原因；‎ 4. 让错误较多的学生总结错误原因及注意事项。‎ 5. 让学生概括归纳文章的主旨，培养学生从整体把握文章的思维习惯；‎ 6. 每篇文章挑出1-2个好词好句进行积累。‎ A. Answer the questions.‎ Feeling tired lately? Has the doctor said he cannot find anything wrong with you? Perhaps he sent you to a hospital, but all the advanced equipment there shows that there is nothing wrong. Then consider this, you might be in a state of subhealth（亚健康）. ‎ Subhealth, also called the third state of grey state, is explained as a border line（分界线） state between health and disease. According to an investigation, over 45 percent of subhealthy people are middle aged or elderly. The percentage is even higher among people who work in management positions as well as students around exam time. Symptoms（症状） include lack of energy, depression, slow reactions, insomnia（失眠）, agitation（焦虑）, and poor memory. Other symptoms include shortness of breath, sweating and aching in the waist and legs. ‎ The key to preventing and recovering from subhealth, according to some medical experts, is to form good living habits, alternate work with rest, exercise regularly, and take part in open-air activities. As for meals, people are advised to eat less salt and sugar. They should also eat more fresh vegetables, fruits, fish because they are rich in nutritional elements--- vitamins and trace elements--- that are important to the body. ‎ Nutrition experts point out that it is not good to eat too much at one meal because it may cause unhealthy changes in the digestive trace. They also say that a balanced diet is very helpful in avoiding subhealth.‎ Questions 1. What is the border line state between health and disease called?‎ 2. What percent of subhealthy people are middle-aged or elderly?‎ 3. What should people eat less in a healthy diet?‎ 4. Are lack of energy, depression, slow reactions, insomnia, agitation and poor memory symptoms of subhealth?‎ 5. What kind of food is rich in nutritional elements？（营养元素） ‎ 6. What is very helpful in avoiding subhealth according to the nutrition experts?‎ keys:‎ 1. Subhealth 2. Salt and sugar ‎ 3. over 45 percent 1. yes, they are 2. fresh vegetables, fruit and fish ‎ 3. A balanced diet.‎ A. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words An earthquake may hit any place at any time. Do you know what to do in an earthquake? Let me tell you.‎ When a quake begins and if you are o 1 , you must get into the open air and stay away from tall b 2 , trees, and other things. If you are inside, you must stand in a corner, or hide under a strong desk or table. If you are driving a car, a truck or a bus, you must drive to the side of the road and s 3 . ‎ After a quake, you must try to talk with everyone in your family to see if they are all right and see if gas, water, and electrical lines are OK. You mustn't smoke or use lights because they may c ‎4 ‎a big fire. Don't use your phone or drive your car until you are in s 5 . ‎ keys: 1. outside 2. buildings 3. stop 4. cause 5. safety ‎ 教学建议： ‎ 1． 规定学生必须在20分钟内完成；‎ 2． 相互交换批改，表扬正确率最高的学生；‎ 3． 做对的学生给做错的学生讲题；‎ 4． 让每个学生简单总结一下错误原因及应该注意的问题。‎ PART I a. Choose the best answer. ‎ ‎1. —I can speak English.‎ ‎ — .‎ A. so I can B. so can you C. so can I D. so do I ‎2. They have all got up, and .‎ A. Jack has too B. so has Jack C. Jack hasn't D. also has Jack ‎3. If she go there, I. ‎ A. doesn't, neither do B. doesn't, nor will C. won't, neither will D. will, nor do ‎4. If you won't agree to our plan. .‎ A. neither they will B. neither won't they C. they won't neither D. neither will they ‎5. I haven't worked there long, and .‎ A. neither you have B. neither have you C. you have neither D. nor you have ‎6. He didn't know the answer, and .‎ A. neither did I B. I did neither C. so did I D. I did so ‎7．The workers were made___________12 hours a day at that time.‎ A. working B. work C. to work D. worked ‎8．Every one of us knows some kinds of clothes__________ wood.‎ A. make of B. make from C. are made of D. are made from ‎9. All the children like Mr. White very much because he often makes them_____‎ A. laughed B. laughing C. laugh D. to laugh ‎10. Nancy has decided to lose weight. Nothing will make her her mind. ‎ A. change B. changed C. changing D. to change ‎11.The headmaster’s praise for our wonderful performance made us all _____ happily. ‎ ‎ A. smile B.to smile C. smiling D. smiled ‎12. Nowadays it’s not difficult for us ______ a good way to spend our holidays. ‎ A. find B. finding C. found D.to find ‎13. It’s nice of Andy _______ me with my English and I’ve made some progress. ‎ A helping B. to help C. help D. helped ‎14. The angry teacher let the poor girl _______down the sentences over and over again. ‎ A write B. writing C. to write D. wrote ‎15. _______our life more enjoyable is our aim in the next five-year plan. ‎ A. Make B. Makes C. Made D. Making ‎ Keys: 1-5 CBBDB ‎ b. Sentence Translation (It is adj. for/of sb. to do sth.)‎ ‎1．学好英语很重要。It's very important to study English well. ‎ ‎2. 今天完成工作太困难了。It is difficult to finish the work today.　 ‎ ‎3. 吃水果好。It's good to eat fruits. ‎ ‎4. 每天读英语是必要的。It's necessary to read English every day. ‎ ‎5. 踢足球是有趣的。It's interesting to play soccer. ‎ PART II 期中综合 a. Multiple Choices ‎(B )1. We are going to _______People’s Square which is in _______centre of Shanghai. ‎ ‎ A. the…/ B. /…the C. the…the D. /…/‎ ‎(C )2. Nobody teaches ____English. He learns English by ____. ‎ ‎ A. him; him B. himself; him C. him; himself D. himself; himself ‎(C )3. All the students look forward to the coming summer holiday, because they can do ____they like. ‎ ‎ A. interesting nothing B. nothing interesting ‎ C. something interesting D. interesting something ‎(B )4. A(n)_______works in company and designs machines. ‎ ‎ A. architect B. engineer C. coach D. headmaster ‎(C )5. My mother is busy _______the housework at weekends ‎ A. for B. on C. with D. at ‎(B )6. The news doesn’t sound so _______to me. ‎ ‎ A. well B. happily C. exciting D. excited ‎(D )7. The lion is running _________. It’s looking for something to eat. ‎ ‎ A. slow B. slowly C. quick D. quickly ‎(C )8. ______people in the world are surfing on Internet to get information every day. ‎ ‎ A. Million of B. Several million of C. Millions of D. Several millions ‎(C )9. ____Alice is very tired, ____she still works hard. ‎ ‎ A. Because; but B. Although; but ‎ ‎ C. Although; / D. Because; /‎ ‎(B )10. We ______book a table before we go to the restaurant. ‎ ‎ A. needed B. don’t need C. need to D. needn’t to ‎(B )11. Water can be_________putting out fires ‎ A. used to B. used for C. use to D. use for ‎(D )12. My father _______in a construction company since he _______school. ‎ ‎ A. worked; left B. has worked; has left C. works; leaves D. has worked; left ‎(A )13. The hall _________ people when the film star appeared. ‎ A. was filled of B. is full of C. was filled with D. was crowd with ‎(C )14. He is too poor to go to school, so he wants to find a job to earn some money. The underlined part means“____”. ‎ ‎ A. reply B. vote C. make D. learn ‎(A )15. —Give my best wishes to you. —_______. ‎ ‎ A. It doesn’t matter B. Thank you ‎ ‎ C. That’s good D. You are welcome b. Complete the following passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once A. visiting B. small C. decided D. greatest E. writers F. big G. about ‎ Hemingway (海明威) is one of the greatest American ___1_E___. He was born in Illinois in 1899 and showed his great writing talent (天赋) when he was young. He worked as a reporter and a driver. Then he ____2_C__ to ‎ become a writer and started to write some famous novels. He lived a bright life and took trips to many places. By ____3_A__ different places he knew a lot about the world and wrote about them in his novels.‎ ‎ The Old Man and the Sea is one of his __4_B_ novels. The story is ___5, G____ an old man who goes on the sea for 84 days without catching any fish. But he keeps working hard and catches a ___6_F__ fish on the 85th day. This book not only makes Hemingway world-famous, but also makes people remember him long after he died in 1961.‎ ‎（以学生自我总结为主，TR引导为辅，为本次课做一个总结回顾）‎ 句型一: So do I. /Neither do I.‎ ‎（1）So…I表示同意对方的话语，意为“我也是”。So和I间的助动词由上下文决定。‎ ‎（2） Neither…I也是用来附和对方的话语，意为“我也不……”。与So…I不同的是，So…I的上文为肯定句，而Neither…I的上文是否定句。Neither…I中的助动词也是由上下文决定。同样这里的人称并不仅限于I。‎ ‎（3） 这两种结构的不同点 ‎① “So+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”依附于肯定句, =“I do, too”。‎ ‎② “Neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”依附于否定句, =“I don't, either"。‎ 句型二: It is+形容词+to do ‎ ‎（1）It is+ adj. +to do sth. 做某事…‎ （2） It is+ adj./n. +for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事真是太……了。‎ ‎（3）如果be动词后面接指有关人的赞美或批评的形容词 (如：clever，kind，foolish等) 时，动词不定式前常加一个of引导的短语来说明动词不定式所指的对象。‎ 句型三： make句型 ‎ ‎(1) “make+宾语+形容词”。‎ ‎(2) “make+宾语+名词”。‎ ‎(3) “make sb. do sth.” 意为“使某人做某事” ‎ 教学建议：‎ ‎1. 包含预习下次课单词与短语和复习本次课内容两部分； ‎ ‎2. 规定学生在25分钟内完成；‎ ‎3. 要求学生对不确定有疑问的题目做标记；‎ ‎4．下节新课前让学生相互批改表扬正确率最高的学生；‎ ‎5．让作对的学生给做错的学生讲题，老师进行补充；‎ ‎6．老师对错误率较高的题目相关的知识点进行复习。‎ ‎【巩固练习】‎ I. Choose the best answer.‎ ‎1. The cat will jump off the wall. ____ the dog.‎ A. So will B Neither will C Neither is D So is ‎ ‎2. Miss Lin does some shopping on Sundays. ____ my mother. ‎ A . So do B So does C Neither does D So is ‎ ‎3. My little brother has never got up late. ____ they.‎ A . So has B Neither has C Neither have D Neither are ‎ ‎4.He watches TV every morning. ____I.‎ A. So do B So does C Neither do D So am ‎ ‎5.We will visit the Great Wall in two days. ____he.‎ A So will B neither will C So are D Neither are ‎ ‎6. My parents usually let me __________ a lot of outdoor activities at weekends. ‎ A. did B. do C. doing D. to do ‎7. It's not good to let your pet _________ too much at a time. ‎ A to eat B. eating C. eats D. eat ‎8. These rules are made to ________ accidents. Everybody should obey them. ‎ A. prefer B. predict C. pretend D. prevent ‎9. You had better let John ______milk and bread for breakfast himself. He's ten years old now. ‎ ‎ A. buys B. buy C. to buy D .buying ‎10. What about ___________ to the p ark and ___________a picnic?‎ ‎ A. go; have B. going; have C. going; having D. go; having ‎11. We should try our best ___________ fight___________ pollution.‎ ‎ A. to; to B. in; with C. in; for D. to; against ‎12. Tom always works___________ and he___________ goes to bed early.‎ ‎ A. hardly; hardly B. hard; hard C. hard; hardly D. hardly; hard ‎13.There is sugar in my tea .It tastes___________.‎ A. sweet B. sweetly C. nicely D. well ‎14.Thank you very much ___________me so much help.‎ ‎ A. for give B. of give C. for giving D. of giving ‎15.You can take _________book___________ them if you like.‎ ‎ A. some; of B. any; of C. some; form D. any; from ‎16.We must save water ___________vegetables under the running taps.‎ ‎ A.in not wash B.by not washing C. not by wash D. not in washing ‎17.Mike will give you a call if he ___________some new information.‎ ‎ A. will get B.is getting C. gets D. got ‎18.John failed most of his subject last term. The main reason was that he wasn’t interested in his study at all. The underlined part means___________.‎ ‎ A. strongest B. most important C. cleverest D. worst ‎19.Please remove your shoes before entering temples when you are on a tour in Malaysia .The underlined part means.‎ ‎ A. put on B. have on C. take off D. wear ‎20.Did you ___________the football match last night?‎ ‎ A. see B. watch C. look D. read ‎21.About___________ the students in our school will attend the concert.‎ A. three hundreds of B. three hundreds C. three hundred of D. hundreds of ‎22. I___________ when she knocked at the door.‎ A. cook B. cooks C. was cooking D.am cooking ‎23.He did not go home___________ he finished the work.‎ A. if B. because C. until D. since ‎24.It __________ me about forty minutes to do my homework every day.‎ A. keeps B. uses C. spends D. takes ‎25.—Don't forget __________ the book with you tomorrow.‎ ‎—No, I won't.‎ A. took B. take C.to take D. taking ‎26.When he got to the station, the train__________ for a long time.‎ A. had been away B. had left C. has been away D. has left ‎27.What's your trouble, young man?‎ ‎ —__________.‎ A.I'II be fine soon B. I think it's quite cold C. I'm worried about my mother D. I’ve got a headache ‎28.It’s time to go home ,but Lily didn’t stop cleaning the classroom. The underlined part means_________.‎ ‎ A. stopped to clean B. went on cleaning C. went on to clean D. didn't keep on cleaning ‎29. —Is peter at the teachers' office?‎ ‎ —No, he _________ be there. I saw him going out of the teachers' office just now.‎ ‎ A. can B. could C. can’t D. couldn’t KEYS:1-5 ABCAA 6-9 BDDB 10—14 CDCAC 15—19 BBCBC 20—24 BCCCD 25—29 CADBC II. Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage.‎ Mrs Black was a famous musician. Several years ago she 1 music at a school and her students did well in her lessons. They liked her very much. Now the old woman stays at home with her husband. The old man looks after his wife well and she is 2 worried about anything. And she is very happy.‎ ‎ Just like some old people, Mrs Black finds that her 3 is failing. Sometimes she forgets what she will have ‎ to do. It often gets her in trouble. Her husband noticed this and advise her to see a famous 4 ‎ ‎ He bought two tickets 5 London and told her to put them into her handbag while she was playing the piano The next morning, when they got to the airport to catch the plane, Mrs Black said, "I wish we'd brought 6 with us."‎ ‎ "We are not going to hold a concert, but to see a doctor." Mr Black said with a smile.‎ ‎1 .A. loved B. taught C. enjoyed D. studied ‎2. A. always B. often C. never D. sometimes ‎3. A. sight B. hearing C. interest D. memory ‎4. A. doctor B. teacher C. engineer D. musician ‎5. A. for B. in C. from D. to ‎6. A. money B. music C. the tickets D. the piano keys: BCDAAC III. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words.‎ ‎ Animals have the ability to make themselves understood by men, especially when they are in danger and wish men to h them.‎ ‎ One day, I visited one of my friends on the f . Late that afternoon, a sheep came crying to the tent where my friend lived. The sheep made painful cries. My friend told me that something unusual h .‎ ‎ We followed the sheep, it rushed forward. It finally led us to an old well, and we h a sad voice of baby sheep that had fallen into the well. There was no water in the well and it was not deep, we got a ladder and several minutes l , the baby s went back to its mother. They seemed pleased be tighter again.‎ ‎ help farm happened heard later sheep ‎【预习思考】‎ IV.7B U7 同步学习 Ⅰ. Words.‎ ‎1. able adj. 有能力的 ‎ She is an able secretary. 她是一位能干的秘书。‎ ‎2. planet n. 行星 ‎ The planets move around the sun. 行星绕着太阳转。‎ 指点迷津: star, planet与satellite star指恒星，planet指行星，satellite指卫星。太阳、地球和月亮就分别属于这三种。‎ ‎3. pill n. 药丸；药片 She had to take sleeping pills every night. 她每天夜里都得服安眠药。‎ ‎4. meal n. 餐；一顿饭 They cooked their own meals.他们自己做饭吃。‎ 指点迷津：dinner 与meal ‎(1) dinner指“正餐（午饭或晚饭）”或“宴会”。‎ ‎ Come to dinner with us tonight. 今晚和我们共进晚餐吧。‎ ‎(2) meal指“一餐（一顿饭）”而言。‎ ‎ We have three meals a day. 我们每天吃三顿饭。 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5. hope n. 希望；期望 ‎ v. 希望，期望（某事发生）‎ ‎ 【友情提示】 hope既可作名词用也可作动词用，使用时应注意区分。‎ ‎ Do you have any hope that he'll come?你觉得他有可能过来吗？（hope作名词）‎ ‎ I hope that he will succeed. 我希望他会成功。（hope作动词，后接宾语从句）‎ ‎ I hope to see you and your family soon. 我期待不久就能见到你和你的家人。(hope作动词，后接动词不定式)‎ ‎6. secret adj. 秘密的；保密的 ‎ We discovered a secret passage behind the wall. 我们在墙后发现了一条秘密通道。‎ ‎ 【拓展】 secret n. 秘密：What’s the secret of baking good bread? 烘烤出好面包的秘诀是什么？‎ ‎7. sign v. 签（名）；签字 ‎ He signed his name on the contract. 他在合同上签了名。‎ ‎【拓展】 sign n. 标志：The sign says“No parking”. 告示牌上写着“禁止停车”。‎ ‎8. * seal v. 密封 The envelope was firmly sealed. 这个信封封得很严实。‎ ‎【拓展】 seal n. 海豹 ‎9. everyone pron. 每人；人人 I'm sure everybody else will agree with me. 我敢说其他人都会同意我的想法。‎ ‎【近义词】 everybody pron. 每人；人人 ‎ 指点迷津：everyone 与every one ‎ everyone相当于everybody，是代词，意为“每个人；人人；大家”，不具体指哪一个人。它作主语时，谓语用第三人称单数形式。‎ Everyone is here except Tom. 除汤姆外，大家都到了。‎ ‎ everyone只能指人，不能指物；every one既可指人，也可指物。‎ ‎ Every one/Everyone in our class likes playing football.我们班人人都喜欢踢足球。‎ ‎ There is something wrong with every one of the bikes.这些自行车每辆都有毛病。‎ ‎ every one可以和of连用构成短语，而everyone则不能。‎ ‎ Every one of us is getting ready for the exam. 我们每个人都在为考试做准备。‎ Ⅱ. Daily expressions. 日常表达 ‎1. talk about讨论；谈论；商谈 ‎ The author likes to talk about his work. 这位作者喜欢谈论自己的作品。‎ ‎ We can talk about this matter at the meeting. 我们可以在会上讨论这件事情。‎ ‎ 【近义词】 discuss v. 讨论 ‎2. (be) able to意为“能够；有能力”，与can意思相近。‎ ‎ You'll be able to come, won't you?你能来的，对吗？‎ ‎ 指点迷津：can 与 be able to ‎ ‎(1) can表示“能力”时，在很多场合都可以和be able to换用。但要表示过去经过一番努力才能完成的事情时，只能用be able to。‎ ‎ 【正】 Can you speak any foreign languages?你会说外语吗？‎ ‎ 【正】 Are you able to speak any foreign languages?你会说外语吗？‎ ‎ 【正】 The fire spread to the whole building quickly but everybody was able to escape. 大火迅速蔓延到整幢大楼，但大家都逃了出来。‎ ‎ 【误】 The fire spread to the whole building quickly but everybody could escape.‎ ‎(2) be able to 比 can有更多的变化形式。‎ ‎ When he grows up, he will be able to support his family. 长大后他就能养家了。‎ ‎ Frank is ill. He hasn't been able to go to school for a week. 弗兰克病了，他已经有一个星期没去上学了。‎ ‎ I'm sorry for not being able to help you in time. 对不起，我未能及时帮你的忙。‎ ‎(3) could经常和see, hear, smell, taste, feel, remember, understand等动词连用。‎ ‎ When we went into the house, we could smell something burning. ‎ 进屋时，我们闻到什么东西烧焦了。(不用was able to)‎ ‎ She spoke in a very low voice, but I could understand what she said.‎ 虽然她讲话的声音很低，但我还是明白了她说的话。‎ ‎(4) 在谈论和说话时发生的动作，一般用can而不用be able to。‎ ‎ 【正】 Look!I can swim.看！我会游泳了！‎ ‎ 【误】 Look! I'm able to swim.‎ ‎3. travel to是“去（某地）”的意思。与go to相比，travel to往往指路上花费的时间相对较长、距离较远。‎ ‎ She travels to Europe this summer. 这个夏天她去欧洲旅行了。‎ ‎4. write down意为“将……写下¨。‎ ‎ I want to write down the words. 我想把这些单词写下来。‎ ‎【随堂小练】‎ Fill in the blanks with the proper words in their proper forms.‎ 1. Tom put some (piece) of paper in the time box.‎ 2. We must stop (pollution) the Earth.‎ 3. In the future, we will build (city) under the sea.‎ 1. People from different (country) come to visit Shanghai every year.‎ 2. People will be able to understand each other (well) than before.‎ 3. We have (entrance) a new century.‎ ‎【Keys】1. pieces 2. polluting 3. cities 4. countries 5. better 6. entered