高考英语阅读理解专题训练篇含答案

高考英语阅读理解专题训练篇含答案

阅读理解专题 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中，选出最佳选项。‎ A ‎ For a 400-year-old art form, opera had a bad fame: overweight actresses singing the words which were hard to understand in one of those romance languages you were supposed to learn in high school．And with tickets costing as much as $145 a performance, opera goers also had a certain appearance in people's mind: rich, well-dressed and old．‎ ‎ But now opera companies around the country are loosening their ties and kicking off their shoes in an attempt to keep opera alive and take it to a younger and not so wealthy audience．‎ ‎ Opera producers have found that to attract this crowd, they need to make the opera closer to common people．Because young people don't or won't come to the opera, companies are bringing the opera to them, giving performances in such unusual places as parks, libraries and public schools．‎ ‎ The Houston Grand Opera's choice is the public library, where it performs “mobile operas” shortened versions（剧本） of child-friendly operas．This summer's production is Hansel ＆ Gretel．By performing smaller versions of large productions, producers are able to make people interested while keeping costs at a reasonable level．The San Francisco Opera, which will be celebrating its 75th anniversary this year, is staging Cinderella free of charge, keeping costs down by employing students from its Young Artists' Training Program．‎ ‎1．Which is the main idea of this passage？‎ ‎ A．Opera is famous for its long history．‎ ‎ B．Opera is only performed for rich people．‎ ‎ C．Opera companies are trying to keep opera alive．‎ ‎ D．Young people are not interested in opera．‎ ‎2．The underlined phrase in the second paragraph means ______．‎ ‎ A．breaking up the old rules B．changing the dresses ‎ C．making the audience at ease D．advertising themselves ‎3．Opera companies prefer to perform short versions because ______ ．‎ ‎ A．they can be performed in public libraries ‎ B．short versions are easy to perform ‎ C．it is hard to find long versions ‎ D．they can make more people come to opera B ‎ Have you ever picked a job based on the fact that you were good at it but later found it made you feel very uncomfortable over time? When you select your career, there's a whole lot more to it than assessing your skills and matching them with a particular position．If you ignore your personality, it will hurt you long-term regardless of your skills or the job's pay．There are several areas of your personality that you need to consider to help you find a good job．Here are a few of those main areas;‎ ‎1） Do you prefer working alone or with other people?‎ ‎ There are isolating（使孤立）jobs that will drive an outgoing person crazy and also interactive jobs that will make a shy person uneasy．Most people are not extremes in either direction but do have a tendency that they prefer．There are also positions that are sometimes a combination of the two, which may be best for someone in the middle who adapts easily to either situation．‎ ‎2） How do you handle change?‎ ‎ Most jobs these days have some elements of change to them, but some are more than others．If you need stability in your life, you may need a job where the changes don't happen so often．Other people would be bored of the same daily routine．‎ ‎3） Do you enjoy working with computers？‎ ‎ I do see this as a kind of personality characteristic．There are people who are happy to spend more than 40 hours a week on a computer, while there are others who need a lot of human interaction throughout the day．Again, these are extremes and you'll likely find a lot of positions somewhere in the middle as well．‎ ‎4） What type of work environment do you enjoy？‎ ‎ This can range from being in a large building with a lot of people you won't know immediately to a smaller setting where you'll get to know almost all the people there fairly quickly．‎ ‎5） How do you like to get paid?‎ ‎ Some people are motivated by the pay they get, while others feel too stressed to be like that．The variety of payment designs in the sales industry is a typical example for this．‎ ‎ Anyway, these are a great starting point for you．I've seen it over and over again with people that they make more money over time when they do something they love．It may take you a little longer, but making a move to do what you have a passion for can change the course of your life for the better．‎ ‎4．What is unnecessary in your job hunting?‎ ‎ A．Assessing your skills ‎ B．Going to different areas ‎ C．Matching your skills with a position ‎ D．taking your personality into consideration ‎5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ ‎ A．Isolating jobs usually drive people mad．‎ ‎ B．Interactive jobs make people shy easily．‎ ‎ C．Extreme people tend to work with others．‎ ‎ D．Almost everyone has a tendency in jobs．‎ ‎6．What is the missing word about a job search in the following chart?‎ ‎ A．Design． B．Changes． C．Cooperation． D．Hobbies．‎ skills Jobs ‎ Environment ‎ Motivation Stability ‎ ‎?‎ ‎7．What is the best title for this passage?‎ ‎ A．Lifestyles and Job Pay B．Jobs and Environment ‎ C．Job Skills and Abilities D．Personalities and Jobs C ‎ As the human brain evolved, humans were able to laugh before they could speak, according to a new study．But here’s the punch line: Laughter and joy are not unique to humans, the study says．Ancestral forms of play and laughter existed in other animals long before humans began laughing．‎ ‎ “Human laughter has its roots in our animation past,” said Jaak Panksepp, a professor of psychobiology at Bowling Green State University in Ohio．Panksepp has studied rats and found that when they “play,” they often chirp （唧唧叫） – an early – stage form of laughter, according to the scientist．In an article to be published tomorrow in the journal Science, he makes the argument that animal laughter is the basis for human joy．‎ ‎ In studying laughter, scientists have focused mostly on related issues – humor, personality, health benefits, social theory – rather than laughter itself．New research, however, shows that “circuits” （电路） for laughter exist in very ancient regions of the human brain．As humans have included language into play, we may have developed new connections to joyous parts of our brains that evolved before the cerebral cortex（大脑皮层）, the outer layer associated with thought and memory．‎ ‎ There is plenty of evidence that many other mammals make play sounds, which are like human laughter．Indeed, animals are capable of many emotional feelings, just like humans, some scientists say．"The recognition by neuroscientists（神经系统科学家）that the brain systems for pain, pleasure, and fear are the same in humans and other mammals underline our similarity to other species and is extremely important," said Tecumseh Fitch, a psychology lecturer at the University of St．Andrews in Scotland．In a 2003 study Panksepp and Bowling Green State University neurobiologist Jeff Burgdorf showed that if rats are tickled （呵痒） in a playful way, they readily chirp．Rats that were tickled developed a relationship with the researchers and became rapidly conditioned to seek tickles．Understanding the chirping of the rats may help scientists better understand human laughter．‎ ‎ Robert Provine, a psychology professor at the University of Maryland in Baltimore, agrees there is an evolutionary continuity of laughter．"Its origin is in tickling play," he says．Provine has studied chimpanzees and found a link between their laughter - like noises and human laughter．"Laughter is actually the sound of play, with the original’ pant – pant’（ 喘气） - the heavy breathing of physical play - becoming the human ‘ha - ha,’” Provine said．By studying the shift from the panting ‎ of chimps to the human ha - ha, he discovered that breath control is the key to the appearance of both human laughter and speech．‎ ‎8．The 2003 study about rats being tickled are mentioned in paragraph 4 in order to show that ．‎ ‎ A．rats are such smart aromas that they can laugh like humans ‎ B．animals have emotional feelings as human beings do ‎ C．animals' emotional feelings are now widely recognized ‎ D．tickling animals can help animals develop the ability of laughter ‎9．According to the text, what is the most special about Jaak Panksepp's research?‎ ‎ A．It focuses on animals' influence on human laughter．‎ ‎ B．People's personalities are involved in the research．‎ ‎ C．The research studies human brain as well．‎ ‎ D．The research deals with laughter itself．‎ ‎10．We can infer from the above text that____________．‎ ‎ A．Tecumseh Fitch and Robert Provine disagree with each other on laughter ‎ B．rats’ chirping and chimp’s panting are basically the same ‎ C．most animals are able to laugh but need to be trained first ‎ D．human beings have now fully understood animals’ behaviors CAD BDCD BDB 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。‎ A How often do you travel by plane?‎ How much electricity do you use? ‎ These days everyone is worried about the size of their carbon footprint．In order to reduce global warming we need to make our carbon footprints smaller．But how much CO2 are we responsible for?‎ A new book by Mike Berners Lee （a leading expert in carbon footprint） might be able to help．How bad are bananas? The Carbon Footprint of Everything looks at the different things we do and buy, and calculates the amount of CO2 all of the following created: the ingredients, the electricity used in the brewery, the equipment, the travel and commuting of the beer, and the packaging．It’s amazing how many different things need to be included in each calculation．And it’s frightening how much carbon dioxide everything produces．‎ But all of this can help us decide which beer to drink．From Berners-Lee’s calculations, it’s clear that a pint （568ml） of locally-brewed beer has a smaller carbon footprint than a bottle of imported beer．This is because the imported beer has been transported from far away, and it uses more packaging．The local beer only produces 300g of CO2, but the imported beer produces 900g! So, one pint of local beer is better for the environment than three cans of cheap foreign lager from the ‎ supermarket．‎ Berners-Lee has even calculated the carbon footprint of cycling to work．Nothing is more environmentally-friendly than riding a bike, surely? Well, it depends on what you’ve had to eat before．To ride a bike we need energy and for energy we need food．So if we eat a banana and then ride a kilometer and a half, our footprint is 65g of CO2．However, if we eat bacon before the bike ride, it’s 200g．In fact, bananas are good in general because they don’t need packaging, they can be transported by boat and they grow in natural sunlight．‎ So, does this mean that cycling is bad for the environment? Absolutely not, for a start, if you cycle, you don’t use your car, and the fewer cars on the road, the fewer traffic jams．And cars in traffic jams produce three times more CO2 than cars traveling at speed．Cycling also makes you healthy and less likely to go to a hospital．And hospitals have very big carbon footprints!‎ So maybe it’s time for us all to start making some changes．Pass me a banana and a pint of local beer, please．‎ ‎1．According to Berners-Lee, which of the following produces the most carbon dioxide？‎ ‎ A．A pint of local beer we drink． B．A pint of imported beer we drink．‎ ‎ C．A banana we eat before a bike ride． D．The bacon we eat before a bike ride．‎ ‎2．The underlined word “brewery” in Paragraph 3 most probably means “___________”．‎ ‎ A．a factory where beer is made B．a machine which makes beer ‎ C．a container where beer is stored D．one of the things from which beer is made ‎3．To make our carbon footprints smaller, we should often ___________．‎ ‎ A．cycle to work B．drink more local beer ‎ C．calculate the amount of CO2 D．buy cheap things from the supermarkets ‎4．What’s the most suitable title for the passage?‎ ‎ A．Bikes, Beer and Bananas B．Starting to Make Changes ‎ C．How Big Is Your Carbon Footprint? D．The Carbon Footprint of Everything B It is easy for us to tell our friends from our enemies．But can other animals do the same? Elephants can! They can use their sense of vision and smell to tell the difference between people who pose a threat and those who do not．‎ In Kenya, researchers found that elephants react differently to clothing worn by men of the Maasai and Kamba ethnic groups．Young Maasai men spear animals and thus pose a threat to elephants; Kamba men are mainly farmers and are not a danger to elephants．‎ In an experiment conducted by animal scientists, elephants were first presented with clean clothing or clothing that had been worn for five days by either a Maasai or a Kamba man．When the elephants detected the smell of clothing worn by a Maasai man, they moved away from the smell faster and took longer to relax than when ‎ they detected the smells of either clothing worn by Kamba men or clothing that had not been worn at all．‎ Garment color also plays a role, though in a different way．In the same study, when the elephants saw red clothing not worn before, they reacted angrily, as red is typically worn by Maasai men．Rather than running away as they did with the smell, the elephants acted aggressively toward the red clothing．‎ The researchers believe that the elephants’ emotional reactions are due to their different interpretations of the smells and the sights．Smelling a potential danger means that a threat is nearby and the best thing to do is run away and hide．Seeing a potential threat without its smell means that risk is low．Therefore, instead of showing fear and running away, the elephants express their anger and become aggressive．‎ ‎5．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true about Kamba and Maasai people? ‎ ‎ A．Maasai people are a threat to elephants． ‎ ‎ B．Kamba people raise elephants for farming．‎ ‎ C．Both Kamba and Maasai people are elephant hunters．‎ ‎ D．Both Kamba and Maasai people traditionally wear red clothing．‎ ‎6．How did the elephants react to smell in the study? ‎ ‎ A．They attacked a man with the smell of new clothing．‎ ‎ B．They needed time to relax when smelling something unfamiliar．‎ ‎ C．They became anxious when they smelled Kamba-scented clothing．‎ ‎ D．They were frightened and ran away when they smelled their enemies．‎ ‎7．What is the main idea of this passage? ‎ ‎ A．Elephants use sight and smell to detect danger．‎ ‎ B．Elephants attack people who wear red clothing．‎ ‎ C．Scientists are now able to control elephants’ emotions． ‎ ‎ D．Some Kenyan tribes understand elephants’ emotions very well．‎ ‎8．What can be inferred about the elephant’s behavior from this passage? ‎ ‎ A．Elephants learn from their experiences．‎ ‎ B．Elephants have sharper sense of smell than sight．‎ ‎ C．Elephants are more intelligent than other animals．‎ ‎ D．Elephants tend to attack rather than escape when in danger．‎ C ‎ Hans was an honest fellow with a funny round good-humored face．Living alone, every day he worked in his garden．In all the countryside there was no garden so lovely as his．All sorts of flowers grew there, blooming in their proper order as the months went by, one flower taking another flower’s place, so that there were always beautiful things to see, and pleasant odors to smell．‎ ‎ Hans had many friends, the most devoted being the Miller．So devoted was the rich Miller to Hans that he’d never go by his garden without plucking a large bunch of flowers or a handful of sweet herbs, or filling his pockets with fruits．The Miller used to talk about noble ideas, and Hans nodded and smiled, feeling proud of having ‎ such a friend．‎ ‎ The neighbors thought it strange that the rich Miller never gave Hans anything in return, though he had hundreds of sacks of flour, many cows and sheep, but Hans never troubled his head about these, and nothing gave him greater pleasure than to listen to all the wonderful things about the unselfishness of true friendship．‎ ‎ In spring, summer, and autumn Hans was very happy, but when winter came, and he had no fruit or flowers to sell, he suffered from cold and hunger．Though extremely lonely, the Miller never came to see him then．‎ ‎ “There’s no good in going to see Hans while the snow lasts．” The Miller said to his wife, “When people are in trouble they shouldn’t be bothered．So I’ll wait till the spring comes when he’s happy to give me flowers．”‎ ‎ “You’re certainly very thoughtful,” answered his wife, “It’s quite a treat to hear you talk about friendship．”‎ ‎ “Couldn’t we ask Hans up here?” said their son．“I’ll give him half my meal, and show him my white rabbits．” ‎ ‎ “How silly you are!” cried the Miller．“I really don’t know what’s the use of sending you to school．If Hans came up here, and saw our warm fire, our good supper, and our red wine, he might get envious, and envy is a most terrible thing, and would spoil anybody’s nature．I am his best friend, and I’ll always watch over him, and see that he’s not led into any temptation．Besides, if Hans came here, he might ask me for some flour．Flour is one thing, and friendship is another, and they shouldn’t be confused．The words are spelt differently, and mean quite different things．Everybody can see that．” He looked seriously at his son, who felt so ashamed that he hung his head down, and grew quite scared, and began to cry into his tea．‎ ‎ Spring coming, the Miller went down to see Hans．Again he talked about friendship．“Hans, friendship never forgets．I’m afraid you don’t understand the poetry of life．See, how lovely your roses are!”‎ ‎ Hans said he wanted to sell them in the market to buy back his things which were sold during the hard time of the winter．‎ ‎ “I’ll give you many good things．I think being generous is the base of friendship．” said the Miller．“And now, as I’ll give you many good things, I’m sure you’d like to give me some flowers in return．Here’s the basket, and fill it quite full．”‎ ‎ Poor Hans was afraid to say anything．He ran and plucked all his pretty roses, and filled the Miller’s basket, imagining the many good things promised by the Miller．‎ ‎ The next day he heard the Miller calling: “Hans, would you mind carrying this sack of flour for me to market?”‎ ‎ “I’m sorry, but I am really very busy today．”‎ ‎ “Well,” said the Miller, “considering that I’m going to give you my things, it’s rather unfriendly of you to refuse．Upon my word, you mustn’t mind my speaking quite plainly to you．”‎ ‎ Poor Hans was driven by his friendship theory to work hard for his best friend, leaving his garden dry and wasted．‎ ‎ One evening Hans was sitting by fire when the Miller came．‎ ‎ “Hans,” cried the Miller, “My little boy has fallen off a ladder and hurt himself, and I’m going for the doctor．But he lives so far away, and it’s such a bad windy night．It has just occurred to me that you can go instead of me．You know I’m going to give you my good things, so you should do something for me in return．”‎ ‎ “Certainly,” cried Hans．He struggled into the stormy night, and got the doctor to ride a horse to the Miller’s house in time to save the boy．However, Hans got lost in the darkness, and wandered off into a deep pool, drowned．‎ ‎ At Hans’ funeral, the Miller said, “I was his best friend．I should walk at the head of the procession．” Every now and then he wiped his eyes with a handkerchief．‎ ‎9．From the passage, we can learn that Hans ___________．‎ ‎ A．was extremely wise and noble B．was highly valued by the Miller ‎ C．admired the Miller very much D．had a strong desire for fortune ‎10．“Flour is one thing, and friendship is another” can be understood as ___________．‎ ‎ A．“Different words may mean quite different things．”‎ ‎ B．“Interest is permanent while friendship is flexible．”‎ ‎ C．“I’m afraid you don’t understand the poetry of life．”‎ ‎ D．“I think being generous is the base of friendship．”‎ ‎11．From the Miller’s talk at home, we can see he was ___________．‎ ‎ A．serious but kind B．helpful and generous ‎ C．caring but strict D．selfish and cold-hearted ‎12．What’s the main cause of Hans’ tragedy?‎ ‎ A．True friendship between them． B．A lack of formal education．‎ ‎ C．A sudden change of weather． D．Blind devotion to a friend．‎ ‎13．The author described the Miller’s behavior in order to ___________．‎ ‎ A．entertain the readers with an incredible joking tale ‎ B．show the friendship between Hans and the Miller ‎ C．warn the readers about the danger of a false friend ‎ ‎ D．persuade people to be as intelligent as the Miller ‎ D It was a beautiful Sunday morning, and Maggie and I were returning from our walk through the woods．We were only a couple of blocks from home when I spotted a cellphone and a credit card sitting on the road．We took them home．We always find amazing things on the street and Maggie looks upon them a movable feast—a chicken wing here and a barbecue rib there．‎ I found another cellphone a few years back, too, and called a number in its phone book．I explained the situation to the guy who answered．He said it was his sister’s and that he’d come to pick it up, which he did．‎ And that was that．No verbal thank-you, no written thank-you, no “here’s a box of chocolates” thank-you．‎ I didn’t have time to call anyone on my latest found cellphone．I was pouring ‎ myself coffee when it started to vibrate（震动） and dance across the kitchen counter．‎ ‎“Who’s this?” someone asked when I picked up．‎ ‎“Who’s this?” I countered．（反问） “Sarah?” ‎ She was surprised at my knowing her name until she realized her name was on the credit card, “Could you send them to me?” she asked．‎ She lives in Arlington, which is 2 miles from my house．‎ ‎“Humm, no,” I replied, adding that I thought she could come to get them, and that if I wasn’t at home, they would be in my mailbox．‎ A day later, when I was out for a run, someone retrieved （取回） them．There wasn’t even a piece of paper put in the mailbox with “Thanks” on it．In this age of e-mail and cellphone, there’s really no excuse．Years ago, I found something more precious than a $100 bill on the street: a driver’s license．I saw that its owner lived a couple of blocks from me, so I called him up．He asked whether I could slip the license through his front door．‎ ‎“I guess I could,” I replied．‎ And that was that．‎ ‎14．What is the relationship between Maggie and the writer?‎ ‎ A．Wife and husband． B．Daughter and father．‎ ‎ C．Teacher and student． D．Master and pet dog．‎ ‎15．How did the writer know it was Sarah calling?‎ ‎ A．From her telephone’s phone book． B．From her credit card．‎ ‎ C．From her e-mail． D．From her driver’s license ‎16．The writer wants to tell us _______ through the unusual stories．‎ ‎ A．we should return the things we pick to the owners ‎ B．people don’t know how to appreciate others because of the use of e-mail and cellphone ‎ C．people should learn to appreciate persons who provide help to you ‎ D．the advance of society make people lose some virtues E Winners Club You choose to be a winner!‎ The Winners Club is a bank account specially designed for teenagers．It has been made to help you better manage your money．The Winners Club is a transaction account （交易账户） where you receive a key – card so you can get to your money 24/7 – that’s 24 hours a day, 7 days a week!‎ It’s a club with impressive features for teenagers:‎ ‎●No account keeping fees!‎ You’re no millionaire so we don’t expect you to pay large fees．In fact, there are no account keeping or transaction fees!‎ ‎●Excellent interest rates!‎ You want your money to grow．The Winners Club has a good rate of interest which gets even better if you make at least two deposits （储蓄） without taking ‎ them out in a month．‎ ‎●Convenient ‎ Teenagers are busy – we get that．You may never need to come to a bank at all．With the Winners Club you can choose to use handy tellers and to bank from home using the phone and the Internet … You can have money directly deposited into your Winners Club account．This could be your pocket money or your pay from your part – time job!‎ ‎●Mega magazine included ‎ Along with your regular report, you will receive a FREE magazine full of good ideas to make even more of your money．There are also fantastic offers and competitions only for Winners Club members．‎ The Winners Club is a great choice for teenagers．And it is so easy to join．Simply fill in an application form．You will have to get permission from your parent or guardian （so we can organize that cool key – card） but it is easy．We can’t want to hear from you．It’s the best way to choose to be a winner!‎ ‎17．The Winners Club is a bank account intended for ．‎ ‎ A．parents B．teenagers C．winners D．adults ‎18．Which of the following is TRUE about the Winners Club?‎ ‎ A．Special gifts are ready for parents．‎ ‎ B．The bank opens only on work days．‎ ‎ C．Services are convenient for its members．‎ ‎ D．Fees are necessary for the account keeping．‎ ‎19．The Winners Club provides magazines which ．‎ ‎ A．encourage spending B．are free to all teenagers ‎ C．are full of adventure stories D．help to make more of your money ‎20．What is the purpose of this text?‎ ‎ A．To set up a club． B．To provided part – time jobs．‎ ‎ C．To organize key – cards． D．To introduce a new banking service．‎ A篇BAAC B篇ADAA C 篇CBDDC D篇 DBC E 篇 BCDD ‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A A simple flower made headlines in the British press last week. How could that be?‎ British Prime Minister David Cameron and his ministers were attending a reception hosted by Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing. They insisted on wearing poppies(罂粟花) in their buttonholes. ‎ What’s wrong with that?‎ According to the Global Times, Chinese officials apparently had asked the UK delegation （代表团）not to wear poppies. The British said that poppies meant a great deal to them on that day and they would wear them all the same. ‎ So what’s the significance of the poppy? It’s a flower which has different cultural and symbolic meanings for British and Chinese people.‎ From the Chinese point of view, the poppy is a symbol of China’s humiliation at the hands of European powers in the Opium Wars（鸦片战争） of the 19th century. Britain forced China to open the borders to trade – including in the opium – which was made from poppies grown in India.‎ Yet from the British viewpoint the poppy is a reminder of the killing during World War I. Red poppies grew on the battlefields of Flanders in Belgium where many thousands of British soldiers died or were buried. Since then, Poppy Day (November 11) has become a time in the UK to wear poppies and remember the sacrifices of British soldiers and civilians in times of war. ‎ So you can see that the poppy sets off strong feelings in the hearts of Chinese and British people for different reasons. And it makes sense for us to try to understand each other’s standpoint.‎ Of course cultural differences can also be interesting and funny. And what one nation thinks is an acceptable gift may be viewed differently by their guests from overseas. US President Barack Obama gave a gift of an iPod to Britain’s Queen – a dull person with no interest in music. Obama also presented Gordon Brown with a fine selection of American movies. But they were in US format and impossible to play on British DVD players. ‎ Many countries have diplomats stationed overseas. Diplomats provide information and advice to their governments back home. However, sometimes it would seem that even diplomats can overlook the cultural significance of a small flower. ‎ ‎1. British Prime Minister David Cameron probably attended a reception in Beijing on __________.‎ A. October 1 B. November 11 C. December 31 D. January 11‎ ‎2. The poppy reminds the Chinese of __________.‎ A. the shame caused by European countries in the 19th century B. the British soldiers who were killed and buried during World War I C. the Chinese soldiers killed during World War II D. the suffering caused by Britain during World War I ‎3. The diplomatic problem in Beijing is mainly caused by __________.‎ A. the translation mistake B. the language difference ‎ C. the cultural difference D. the different lifestyle ‎4. We can infer that __________.‎ A. Britain’s Queen is not interested in art B. Gordon Brown was fond of American movies US President Barack Obama sent him C. US President Barack Obama received a gift for music D. Britain’s Queen may not like the iPod US President Obama presented her ‎5. What is the main idea of the 9th paragraph?‎ A. Cultural differences can also be interesting and funny B. Cultural differences can cause a big problem C. US President Barack Obama likes to present gifts to other leaders D. US leaders and British leaders get along well with each other B Many parents have learned the hard way that what sounds like open communication is often the very thing that closes a youngster’s ears and mouth. One common mistake is the Lecture, the long monologue that often starts with “When I was your age….” Eighteen-year-old Kelly calls lectures “long, one-side discussions in which I don’t say much.”‎ Kids reflexively（条件反射地） shut down in the face of a lecture. Their eyes glaze over（呆 滞）, and they don’t register any incoming information. Listen to 13-year-old Sarah describe her least favorite times with her mom and dad. “First, they scream. Then comes the ‘We’re so disappointed’ speech. Then the ‘I never did that to my parents’ lecture begins. After that, even if they realize how ridiculous they sound, they never take it back.”‎ Lines like “When you have children of your own, you’ll understand” have been seriously said by parents since time immemorial. But many of our expert parents, like Bobby, a registered nurse and mother of three, feel that by falling back on clichés（陈词滥调） to justify our actions, we weaken our position.‎ Since kids are creatures of here and now, the far-off future has no relevance to them. Therefore, good communicators like Bobby suggest, “Give specific reasons for your actions in present language: ‘I’m not letting you go to the party because I don’t think there will be enough adult supervisions（监护）.’”‎ Betty, who lives in Missiouri, uses an indirect approach. “I find that warnings are accepted more readily if I discuss a news article on a subject I am concerned about. My husband and I talk about it while our children absorb the information. Then they never think I’m preaching(布道).”‎ This really helped when Betty’s kids began driving. Instead of constantly repeating “Don’t drink; don’t speed,” she would talk about articles in the paper and express sympathy for the victims of a car crash. Betty made no special effort to draw her kids into the conversation. She depended on a teenager’s strong desire to put in his opinions---especially if he thinks he isn’t being asked for them.‎ ‎6. The purpose of the passage is to _________.‎ A. compare two ways of parents` communicating with their kids B. give parents advice on how to communicate with their kids C. explain why kids won’t listen to their parents.‎ D. introduce kids` reaction to the communication between them and their parents ‎7. Which of the following statements is NOT right?‎ A. Kids won’t listen to their parents because they think what their parents say is boring.‎ B. Many kids think they have no right to express their own opinions.‎ C. Some kids think their parents should apologize when they are wrong.‎ D. Kids don’t like any discussion at all.‎ ‎8. What does the underlined word in the first paragraph mean?‎ A. 独白                     B. 对话                     C. 插话                         D. 讨论 ‎9. Which of the following topic may appeal to kids?‎ A. Parents` own experience              ‎ B. Kids possible life in the future ‎ C. Something related to kids’ present life   ‎ D. What parents have done to their own parents.‎ ‎10. In order to make kids follow their advice, parents should______.‎ A. tell their kids to listen carefully        B. set out their warnings directly C. list out as many examples as possible   D. arouse kids’ desire to express themselves.‎ C The iPhone, the iPad, each of Apple’s products sounds cool and has become a fad(一时的风尚). Apple has cleverly taken advantage of the power of the letter “i” – and many other brands are following suit. The BBC’s iPlayer – which allows Web users to watch TV programs on the Internet –adopted the title in 2008. A lovely bear – popular in the US and UK – that plays music and video is called “iTeddy”. A slimmed-down version of London’s Independent newspaper was launched last week under the name “i”.‎ In general, single-letter prefixes (前缀) have been popular since the 1990s, when terms such as e-mail and e-commerce first came into use. ‎ Most “i” products are targeted at young people and considering the major readers of Independent’s “i”, it’s no surprise that they’ve selected this fashionable name. ‎ But it’s hard to see what’s so special about the letter “i”. Why not use “a”, “b”, or “c” instead? According to Tony Thorne, head of the Language Center at King’s College, London, “i” works because its meaning has become ambiguous. When Apple uses “i”, no one knows whether it means Internet, information, individual or interactive, Thorne told BBC Magazines. “Even when Apple created the iPod, it seems it didn’t have one clear definition,” he says. ‎ ‎“However, thanks to Apple, the term is now associated with portability (轻便) .”adds Thorne.‎ Clearly the letter “i” also agrees with the idea that the Western World is centered on the individual. Each person believes they have their own needs, and we love personalized products for this reason. ‎ Along with “Google” and “blog”, readers of BBC Magazines voted “i” as one of the top 20 words that have come to define the last decade. ‎ But as history shows, people grow tired of fads. From the 1900s to 1990s, products with “2000” in their names became fashionable as the year was associated with all things advanced and modern. However, as we entered the new century, the trend inevitably disappeared. ‎ ‎11. People use iPlayer to __________.‎ A. listen to music B. make a call ‎ C. watch TV programs online D. read newspapers ‎12. We can infer that the Independent’s “i” is aimed at __________. ‎ A. young readers B. old readers ‎ C. fashionable women D. engineers ‎13. The underlined word “ambiguous” means “__________”.‎ A. popular B. uncertain C. definite D. unique ‎14. Nowadays, the “i” term often reminds people of the products which are __________. ‎ A. portable B. environmentally friendly ‎ C. advanced D. recyclable ‎15. The writer suggests that __________.‎ A. “i” products are often of high quality B. iTeddy is alive bear C. the letter “b” replaces letter “i” to name the products D. the popularity of “i” products may not last long ‎ D We keep reading that TV is bad for you. If this is true, how come the current generation of TV-addicted kids is much smarter than we are? In my home, the only people who can work the remote control are the children. ‎ Perhaps TV does educate you. For example, you learn a useful medical fact: A person who has been shot always has time to speak an incomplete sentence before he dies. “The killer was…” (dies)‎ But I guess the biggest things we learn from TV can be regarded as “Life Skills”. Bad things only happen on dark and stormy nights. Emotional breakdowns cause people to wander in the heavy rain without umbrellas. And contrary to what scientists say, the crack(霹雳) of lightning and the accompanying flash happen at exactly the same time, wherever you are.‎ I’ve even acquired useful geographical facts from science-fiction shows: Aliens speak English no matter which planet they come from.‎ Making use of what we learn from TV can improve our security. Consider these truths. If you are ever attacked by 20 bad guys, don’t worry about being outnumbered. The criminals will hang back and take turns to approach you in ones and twos just so you can conveniently defeat them all. Bad guys who are completely covered in black clothes always remove their black masks to reveal that they are in fact, aha, women.‎ TV also teaches us important information about escaping from danger. Watch and learn. (1) If anyone is running after you down a passage, you will find that boxes have been conveniently placed near all the walls you need to jump over. (2) If you are tall and handsome, you can run from any number of armed criminals, and every shot will miss you.‎ Be warned, however. If your name card says “henchman” (帮凶) and you are part of a group of plain-looking people trying to catch a handsome individual, a ‎ single shot will kill you. But don’t be anxious: TV also delivers useful information for bad guys. All cars are inflammable (易燃的) and have amazing shock absorbers that enable them to fly into the air and land without damage — except police cars. ‎ TV even teaches us about TV. Whenever anyone turns on a TV, it shows a news flash about someone they know. They then turn the box off immediately after that news item.‎ ‎16. By saying “A person who has been shot always has time to speak an incomplete sentence ‎ before he dies” (Paragraph 2), the writer shows his________.‎ A. humor B. sympathy ‎ C. deep concern D. medical knowledge ‎ ‎17. We can learn from Paragraph 3 that in the real world_______.‎ A. bad things cause people to break down in the rain B. bad things never happen on dark and stormy nights C. people with emotional problems like to walk in the rain without umbrellas D. the crack of lightning and the accompanying flash don’t happen at the same time ‎18. On TV what usually happens when a person turns it on?‎ A. The news shown is always about someone the person knows. ‎ B. The person always turns off the TV when it’s time for news.‎ C. The program shown is always about the importance of TV.‎ D. TV always shows news about famous people.‎ ‎19. What’s the main idea of this passage?‎ A. Life skills can be learned from TV.‎ B. TV plays an important role in society.‎ C. Watching TV makes people more creative.‎ D. What happens in TV is very different from reality.‎ ‎20. The writer of this passage takes a(n) _______ attitude towards TV plays.‎ A. positive B. casual C. negative D. indifferent ‎1—5 BACDA 6-10 BDACD 11-15 CABAD 16-20 ADADC 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Today I was at the mall waiting for friends, when a lady wearing a knit hat and a sweater came up to me and, shivering, said, “I’m homeless. Would you mind buying me some food?”‎ In that split second, everything I’d learned since kindergarten flashed through my mind. Don’t talk to strangers… Be a good citizen… People will take advantage of you… Treat others as you wish to be treated…I guess love won the debate. “Sure,” I said. “What would you like?”‎ She thought and then said, “I’d like to get Chinese food.” We headed upstairs. She ordered soup, an egg roll, white rice, and pepper chicken. I would normally think that was a lot, but she had probably barely eaten in the last few days. I got my usual – lo mein and General Tso’s chicken. ‎ Meanwhile I was eating my lo mein, picking around the cabbage and the other vegetables. Joyce said, “If you don’t like it you can take it back.” I told her that I liked it, but was not fond of the vegetables. She broke into a big grin. “You don’t like vegetables, huh? Neither did I. But now I do.” I immediately felt guilty. How could I be picking at my food across from someone who barely gets to eat at all?‎ I tried my best to finish, but she seemed to sense my guilt and said, “You don’t have to eat it if you don’t want it.” How could she know what I was feeling? I told her the dish was my favorite, but I just eat slowly.‎ She got up to get a to-go box. “Would you like one?” she asked, but I refused. I realized that this food would probably last her for a few days, and I was glad she had ordered a lot.‎ ‎“Would you like these?” I asked, gesturing at the food I had left untouched. “Oh, no, thank you,” she said. “This is enough.” I got up to throw my tray away, feeling guilty again.‎ ‎“I need to meet my friends now,” I explained. “It was so nice to meet you, Joyce.”‎ ‎“You too, Claire,” she replied with a smile. “Thank you.”‎ I headed to the theater, and she went back downstairs. I kept puzzling, Why is Joyce homeless? She shouldn’t need people to buy her dinner. She was a nurse. She got good grades. She took pictures for her yearbook. She was the person I hope to be in the future. How could such a good life be rewarded with horrible luck?‎ Anyway, I wish her the best, and hope that the force that brought us together will help her find what she deserves in life.‎ ‎1. From the second paragraph we know that the writer ___________.‎ ‎ A. debated with the girl over moral issues ‎ B. hated having to make a quick decision ‎ C. hesitated before she decided to reach out ‎ D. fell in love with the girl at first sight ‎2. The writer felt guilty for a moment because _________.‎ ‎ A. she was particular about food and also wasted so much ‎ B. she was a strict vegetarian who ate very little ‎ C. she didn’t order enough food for the girl ‎ D. she urged the girl to take her share of food ‎3. Why did Joyce end up unemployed and homeless?‎ ‎ A. She was a victim of high education. ‎ B. She actually had some kind of mental disorder.‎ ‎ C. She graduated with average grades. ‎ D. The reason is not yet given.‎ ‎4. The passage is intended to _________.‎ ‎ A. arouse readers' curiosity ‎ B. explore social problems ‎ C. teach readers a lesson ‎ D. share a personal story B ‎1) Your teens don’t want you to be their friends. What they need is for you to be a reliable responsible role model worthy of their respect, and not some overgrown child who wears too tight jeans or T-shirts with slogans advocating the good points of 100 proof liquor.‎ ‎2) Don’t debate the teen ever. If she wants to debate, suggest she sign up for the Debate Club. If you buy into their teen logic (which is basically illogic, the product of an immature brain and every extreme of emotion known to mankind) your mouth will go dry. Teens need to know that no means no. Remember when your teen was two years old and he said “no” a lot? Well now it’s your turn, particularly when your teen wants to engage in behaviors that are dangerous.‎ ‎3) Don’t buy your teen a car. If you do, he will total it in record time. Guaranteed. The teen should earn the car, or at least a portion of it (and by that I don’t mean one of the tires). You know how you take much better care of an item of clothing you spent a fortune on compared to one you bought in a bargain basement? It’s the same thing, only a car can do serious damage.‎ ‎4) Encourage sports participation even if your teen has two left feet. In some sports, two left feet won’t knock him out of the box, so to speak. Sports participation develops perseverance and cheerfully functioning as a team member. You also will know where your child is every day after school (on the field, that is, or at a rival school). Just make sure you root for the right team, okay? Been there, done that.‎ ‎5) Let the school know you in a good way so that school personnel do not dive under the desk when you approach. If you are asked to speak at the school, your teen will feel mighty proud. If you make something for the bake sale, try to make it taste edible and if you can’t see it through, do yourself and your child a favor and buy something at the local bakery or supermarket.‎ ‎6) To know your teens’ friends is to know your teens. Teens have a secret life, and a parent’s goal is to find out secrecy that is sometimes thicker than the CIA and the KGB combined. If you really want to know what your kid is up to, get to know their friends. How? By being warm and kind, and by asking questions that don’t sound like an interrogation（审讯）, but serve that purpose without their knowing it.‎ ‎5. When your kids are doing something that might negatively affect their future, you should _____.‎ A. have your kids express their opinions fully and then discuss with them B. think about how you can be their close friends C. report that to their school immediately D. say no and tell them that they must stop ‎6. According to the passage, as a parent, you should encourage your kids __________.‎ A. to wear too tight jeans B. to sign up for the Debate Club C. to be greatly involved in sports D. to make as many friends as they can ‎ 7. The underlined word “total” in the third paragraph probably means ________.‎ ‎ A. damage B. add C. buy D. earn ‎ 8. The passage mainly wants you to know that __________.‎ ‎ A. kids have their secrecy and freedom ‎ B. Raising Teenagers calls for certain parenting skills ‎ C. your teen needs some house rules ‎ D. the family is changing C Some people would go through anything just to achieve their dream. Kasia Siwosz is proof. For the final year student on the university women’s tennis team, the road to Berkeley, University of California was met with poor advice and misinformation from her home country and two unsuccessful stops along the way that fell short of expectations. ‎ ‎ Born in Poland, Siwosz began playing tennis at seven years old and developed the skills that helped her earn a top-50 ranking among the ITF Junior division (国际网球联会青少年赛).. Siwosz wanted to do more with her life than just play tennis, which led her to seek chances that would also allow her to obtain a top education. While most who grow up in the U.S. are naturally accustomed to the American tradition of collegiate (大学的) sports, such a custom is not as familiar in a country like Poland. “There’s no collegiate sports in Poland and no culture of sports and academic (学术的) study there. You can only do one, not both,” Siwosz said.‎ ‎ Her desire to have a quality education led her to America to follow her dream. While Siwosz was talented enough to begin her collegiate tennis career, she could only attend community college because she missed the deadline to apply to four-year schools, mainly due to misinformation provided in her home country of Poland.‎ ‎ When she had earned all her credits and was able to transfer (转学), Siwosz made the decision to attend Baylor in Texas. Her friends from Poland put in a good word for the university, saying that it was a good fit because there were many international players at Baylor. “I thought it would be a good idea, but it really wasn’t what I thought it would be,” Siwosz said. “I wasn’t happy at Baylor. The level of tennis was high, but the academic standards were no match and I just wanted more.”‎ ‎ After one year at Baylor, Siwosz’s luck finally began to change when she made the decision to transfer to Berkeley, which was due in large part to Lee, a former ‎ Berkeley student. Lee, who is a keen tennis player himself, met Siwosz four years ago in Texas. “I knew she was unhappy there,” he said. “I saw the opportunity for her to come here.” Siwosz visited Lee in Berkeley. “I ended up loving this place and this school,” Siwosz said. “I came here a lot over the summer, I gave it a shot and I ended up with a Berkeley education and a spot on one of the best college tennis teams in the country.”‎ ‎9. What does “two unsuccessful stops” (Paragraph 1) refer to?‎ A. Poland and the U.S.‎ B. Baylor and Berkeley.‎ C. The community college and Baylor.‎ D. The ITF Junior division and the Berkeley tennis team.‎ ‎10. Why did Siwosz want to leave her homeland for America?‎ A. Poland had no culture of sports.‎ B. Berkeley had always been her dream university.‎ C. She wanted to play tennis and have a good education.‎ D. She wanted to improve her tennis skills and get a higher ranking.‎ ‎11. Why did she leave Baylor?‎ A. The level of tennis there was not high.‎ B. It was not suitable for international students.‎ C. She couldn’t get along with her friends there.‎ D. She was not satisfied with the education level there.‎ ‎12. What is the main idea of the passage?‎ A. How Siwosz left Poland. ‎ B. How Siwosz realized her dream. ‎ C. How Siwosz became a top tennis player. ‎ D. How Siwosz transferred from Baylor to Berkeley.‎ D One of the most widely accepted, commonly repeated assumptions (假设) in our culture is that if you exercise, you will lose weight. I exercise all the time, but I still have got fat that hangs over my belt when I sit. Why isn’t all the exercise getting rid of it?‎ It’s a question many of us could ask. More than 45 million Americans now belong to a health club, up from 23 million in 1993. We spend some $19 billion a year on gym memberships. Of course, some people join and never go. Still, as one major study — the Minnesota Heart Survey — found, more of us at least say we exercise regularly. ‎ And yet obesity (肥胖) figures have risen sharply in the same period: a third of Americans are obese, and another third count as overweight by the Federal Government’s definition. Yes, it’s entirely possible that those of us who regularly go to the gym would weigh even more if we exercised less. But like many other people, I get hungry after I exercise, so I often eat more on the days I work out than on the days I don’t. Could exercise actually be keeping me from losing weight?‎ The popular belief that exercise is essential for weight control is actually fairly new. As recently as the 1960s, doctors routinely advised against too much exercise, particularly for older adults who could injure themselves. Today doctors encourage even their oldest patients to exercise, which is sound advice for many reasons: People who regularly exercise are at significantly lower risk for all manner of diseases — those of the heart in particular. They less often develop cancer and many other illnesses. But the past few years of obesity research show that the role of exercise in weight loss has been wildly over-evaluated.‎ ‎“In general, for weight loss, exercise is pretty useless,” says Eric Ravussin, exercise researcher at Louisiana State University. Many recent studies have found that exercise isn’t as important in helping people lose weight as you hear so regularly in gym advertisements or on shows like The Biggest Loser — or from magazines like this one.‎ ‎13. From the passage we learn that ____.‎ A. some Americans join a health club but never go there ‎ B. the number of overweight people has doubled since 1993‎ C. more than 45 million Americans now go to the gym regularly ‎ D. Americans waste too much money each year on sports ‎ ‎14. According to the passage, exercise ____.‎ A. has long been believed to be good for older adults ‎ B. is not properly advertised as an effective way to lose weight ‎ C. was first recognized as an effective way to lose weight in the 1960s D. is less effective in preventing heart disease than what doctors believe ‎15. According to the writer, people might gain weight because ____.‎ A. they have the habit of going to the gym regularly B. they eat the same food when they do not exercise C. they exercise less than required by doctors D. they eat more after they exercise ‎ ‎16. What may be the best title for this passage?‎ A. Overweight Is Not Good for Your Health ‎ B. Exercise Won’t Make You Thin ‎ C. Gym Is Part of American Lifestyle ‎ D. Obesity Is a Social Problem in America ‎ E While drunken driving may be on the decline, traffic safety experts remain puzzled over how to deal with another alcohol related danger: drunken pedestrains.‎ Pedestrians struck and killed by cars often are extremely drunk. In fact, they are intoxicated(喝醉的) more frequently and with higher blood alcohol levels than drunken drivers who are killed in accidents, various studies have shown. Forty percent of adult pedestrians involved in fatal crashes have a blood alcohol level of at least 0.10 which by law in most states signifies intoxication compared to only 25 percent of drivers in deadly accidents, according to recent federal data.‎ Some types of pedestrain accidents have been declining nationally, especially ‎ those involving children, but the number of adult pedestrians who are drunk when killed in traffic has remained relatively steady at 2500 a year. The total number of pedestrians killed annually in U.S. traffic accidents is at least 7000, or one of every seven highway accidents resulting in death.‎ ‎“We’re dealing here, we think, with a very severe drinking problem that leads to a severe highway safety problem,” said Richard Blomberg, president of Dunlap and Associates Inc, in Norwalk, Coon.‎ Blomberg, whose consulting company found a very high rate of alcohol involvement in a controlled study of pedestrian accidents in New Orleans, was among several researchers who spoke on the topic at the annual meeting of the Research council’s Transportation Research Board(TRB) in Washington in January.‎ Pedestrian accidents have not received enough attention in the past, according to Kay Colpitts, who chairs the board’s committee on pedestrians. Few methods exist to monitor walking habits, she said, and researchers have been mystified（迷惑不解） about how to prevent disasters.‎ ‎17. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?‎ A. Traffic Safety. B. Drunken Drivers.‎ C. Drunken Pedestrian Accidents. D. A Severe Highway Safety Problem.‎ ‎18. Among the causes of walkers’ accidents, the most serious problem is . ‎ A. long delays in traffic signals that may make people cross streets ignoring traffic rules B. alcohol C. a lack of adult keeping eyes on many children involved in accidents D. former drunken drivers whose licenses are not allowed to use for a time ‎19. According to recent federal data, drunken drivers with an over 0.10 blood alcohol level in deadly accidents . ‎ A. are 15 percent less than drunken adult walkers with the same level ‎ B. are 2500 a year C. are at least 7000 in US traffic accidents ‎ D. make up one seventh of highway accidents ‎20. According to the passage, what is Blomberg?‎ A. A researcher. ‎ B. A specialist in traffic safety.‎ C. A clerk of a consulting company. ‎ D. A government official ‎1-4 CADD 5-8 DCAB 9-12 CCDB 13-16 ABDB 17-20 CBAA ‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中。‎ A Working as a manager in the head office of a bank, as I do, clothes can be a nightmare. In New York, where I worked for a time last summer, you have to brave the burning heat every time you dare to go outside, yet freeze once you arrive in a meeting with the air-conditioner turned up. I struggled to know what to wear. The problem was worsened by the office dress code for the months of July and August, which was “dress-down”.‎ The dress-down phenomenon seems to have begun in places where staff work through the terrible heat of summer while their families take shelter at the coast or in the hills. Dress-down, limited to Friday, allows staff to head straight for their out-of-town places on Friday evenings without going home to change. But in New York it has now become a week-round state of affairs. This move may have been born out of consideration; to allow people on Wall Street to travel to work in the heat in something more comfortable than a suit, but the effect is less kind.‎ For me, dress-down is bad for two reasons. The first is that it actually requires a whole new wardrobe. For my male colleagues in the US, it seemed to mean a switch from one uniform to another. I basically only own two types of clothes; suits for working in and truly casual clothes for relaxing weekends in the countryside.‎ Returning to London, I was therefore rather embarrassed to discover that my employers had started summer dress-down. Here too, though its relevance to the climate is far from immediately apparent. At first, I tried to sidestep it by simply turning up in my suit as usual, but my staff complained that they then felt pressured into doing the same. So, I found myself having to buy “smart casual” clothes specifically to wear to work; a ridiculous expense. ‎ Even more annoying is the fact that I’m still required to have a suit hanging up in my office in case I’m suddenly called to a meeting on our conference floor, where dress-down is banned for fear that a client should witness it. One of my colleagues started to accumulate more and more very smart suits in her office, explaining that she was having her flat renovated and that in-office wardrobe was a necessity as she was staying at a different friend’s place each night. We weren’t convinced.‎ For the other great inconvenience of dress-down for the staff is that it makes it easier than ever to spot when colleagues are going to job interviews. For the rest of the year, it is easy enough to arrange these during the working week, but in the summer when dress-down rules, it’s a dead giveaway to arrive in overly smart clothes and then go out for a “dental appointment”. I would normally applaud this state of affairs, as an important part of my time is spent trying to prevent valued employees from moving elsewhere, and any clues about their intentions are helpful and allow me to nip things in the bud(消灭于萌芽中).‎ However, the clothes hanging in my office are now finding a second use. I have suddenly become the target for several “headhunters”, people employed by other companies to try and attract employees away with offers of better pay and conditions. The only problem with this is that I have just the one suit at the office. As ‎ a series of interviews with one future employer progresses, I’m having to bring in additional clothes. I can hardly present myself as a highly-paid investment banker, requiring a vast salary, if they only ever see me in one suit. At this rate, I shall have to tell my staff that I, too, have decided to have my flat done up.‎ ‎1. According to the writer, “dress-down” in New York began as a way of ______.‎ A. making life easier for staff in the summer months B. discouraging staff from taking summer holidays C. showing concern for staff who lived out of town D. rewarding those employees willing to work in the heat ‎2. What was the writer’s first reaction to the idea of “ dress-down” in her London office?‎ A. She argued against it. B. She attempted to ignore it.‎ C. She recognized the need for it. D. She persuaded her staff to adopt it.‎ ‎3. Why does “ dress-down” annoy the writer?‎ A. Not everyone obeys the rule. B. Her clients find it embarrassing.‎ C. It does not apply on all occasions. D. The clothes themselves do not suit her.‎ ‎4. In which aspect of her work does the writer find “dress-down” an advantage?‎ A. Training new members of staff. B. Providing her staff with some information.‎ C. Making sure that her staff remain faithful. D. Making her staff feel more comfortable at work.‎ ‎5. The underlined word “giveaway” in the sixth paragraph means_________.‎ A. something that is given away free. ‎ B. willingness to stop doing something.‎ C. willingness to give away to the other’s wishes.‎ D. something that makes it easy for you to guess something.‎ ‎6. What can we infer from the last paragraph?‎ A. The writer wants to have her flat redecorated.‎ B. The writer is concerned about her dressing in the interviews.‎ C. The headhunters discovered the writer by her suit.‎ D. The writer feels it wrong to meet with the headhunters.‎ B The aims of the Illustrators(插图画家)Exhibition, staged as part of the Bologna Children’s Book Fair, organized by BolognaFiere and held from 19 to 22 March 2012, are to bring illustrators and publishers together and to promote illustrators and their works among publishers.‎ QUALIFICATIONS ‎ *Individual illustrators or groups of illustrators of any nationality, if they were born before 31st December 1994, whose artwork is intended for use in children’s books, are qualified to enter the Exhibition, either directly or through publishing houses or schools.‎ ‎ *Please state in the application form whether you are entering work for the Fiction or Non-fiction Category. Illustrators may only enter one category.‎ ‎ *Artwork previously presented to the Exhibition may not be re-entered.‎ ‎ *The confirmation(确认)form must be filled in and a photograph attached, then presented together with illustrations no later than 26 September 2011.‎ SHIPMENT Entries may be delivered by post, express delivery service or by hand. From abroad, please use the following forms: Form “A” for registered mail or post by air; Form “B” if using an international forwarding agent or airline.‎ To avoid delays, material should not be sent by normal post. Material should be sent “carriage (运费)paid”, including any customs and delivery costs.‎ BolognaFiere may not be held responsible for the non-arrival or late arrival of artwork. All published works must be accompanied by a declaration bearing the ISBN number, publisher’s name and address.‎ REQUIREMENTS The illustrations (i.e. the size of the sheet)must not exceed the following dimensions:‎ Fiction:32*42cm (or 42*32cm)‎ Non-fiction:50*70cm (70*50cm)‎ Illustrations in larger formats will not be considered, nor will they be returned by BolognalFiere. The illustrations must be on paper or flexible board, maximum thickness 2mm(for scanner separation purposes).‎ SELECTION PROCESS All artwork received by the stated deadline and meeting the specified requirements will be examined and selected by an international group (whose decision is final), including five members(from publishing houses and art schools) appointed each year by BolognaFiere.‎ ANNUAL Each illustrator selected by the Committee will be granted two pages in the Annual, for the reproduction of all or some of the illustrations as well as a space for the bibliography. BolognalFiere. Has the right to choose the works to be published in the Annual and to make complete or partial reproductions.‎ EXHIBITIONS ABROAD After the Bologna event, the illustrator Exhibition will travel to Japan under the supervision of JBBY. The illustrator exhibition may afterwards be transferred to other venues in other countries. The Exhibitions of illustrations held abroad follow the same rules and regulations as the illustrator Exhibition, and the provision(条款)of the regulations are extended to the organizers of the exhibitions held abroad.‎ RETURN OF ARTWORK ‎ All the works will be returned to their owners by BolognaFiere by the end of July 2012.‎ ‎7.According to the text, the Illustrators Exhibitions_________.‎ A. will last five days in all in July every other year.‎ B. is intended for college students who are good at painting C. is held by the Bologna Children’s Book Fair D. can strengthen the relationship between illustrators and publishers ‎8.The illustrators of the Illustrators Exhibitions_________.‎ A. should be at least 16 and no more than 25‎ B. may re-enter their artwork after it is returned C, should state the category of their artwork clearly D. may choose to attach a photo to the application form ‎9.Which of the following is unacceptable for delivering entries?‎ A. Normal post. B. Airline post C. Registered mail. D. Express delivery ‎10. What is BolognaFiere responsible for?‎ ‎ A. Paying for the delivery costs. B. Late arrival of artwork.‎ ‎ C. Confirmation of the ISBN number. D. Returning the illustrator’s works.‎ ‎11. The Illustrators’ works will not be considered if they________.‎ A. are received after the day of 26 September 2011.‎ B. are smaller than the size 32*42cm.‎ C. are thinner than 2mm.‎ D. don’t meet the demands of the international experts. ‎ C The $11 billion self-help industry is built on the idea that you should turn negative thoughts like "I never do anything right" into positive ones like "I can succeed." But was positive thinking advocate Norman Vincent Peale right? Is there power in positive thinking? Researchers in Canada just published a study in the journal Psychological Science that says trying to get people to think more positively can actually have the opposite effect: it can simply highlight how unhappy they are.‎ The study's authors, Joanne Wood and John Lee of the University of Waterloo and Elaine Perunovic of the University of New Brunswick, begin by citing(引用) older research showing that when people get feedback which they believe is overly positive, they actually feel worse, not better. If you tell your depressed friend that he has the potential of an Einstein, you're just underlining his faults. In one 1990s experiment, a team including psychologist Joel Cooper of Princeton asked participants to write essays opposing funding for the disabled. When the essayists were later praised for their sympathy, they felt even worse about what they had written. In this experiment, Wood, Lee and Perunovic measured 68 students' self-esteem. The participants were then asked to write down their thoughts and feelings for four minutes. Every 15 seconds, one group of students heard a bell. When it rang, they were supposed to tell themselves, "I am lovable." Those with low self-esteem didn't feel better after the forced self-approval. In fact, their moods turned significantly darker than those of members of the control group, who weren't urged to think positive thoughts.‎ The paper provides support for newer forms of psychotherapy (心理治疗) that urge people to accept their negative thoughts and feelings rather than fight them. In the fighting, we not only often fail but can make things worse. Meditation (静思) techniques, in contrast, can teach people to put their shortcomings into a larger, more realistic perspective. Call it the power of negative thinking.‎ ‎12. What do we learn from the first paragraph about the self-help industry?‎ A. It was established by Norman Vincent Peale.‎ B. It is based on the concept of positive thinking.‎ C. It is a highly profitable industry.‎ D. It has brought positive results.‎ ‎13. What is the finding of the Canadian researchers?‎ A. Encouraging positive thinking may do more harm than good.‎ B. The power of positive thinking is limited.‎ C. Unhappy people cannot think positively.‎ D. There can be no simple therapy for psychological problems.‎ ‎14. What does the author mean by “…you're just underlining his faults”?‎ A. You are pointing out the errors he has made.‎ B. You are not taking his mistakes seriously enough.‎ C. You are trying to make him feel better about his faults.‎ D. You are emphasizing the fact that he is not intelligent.‎ ‎15. What do we learn from the experiment of Wood, Lee and Perunovic?‎ A. It is important for people to continually increase their self-esteem.‎ B. Forcing a person to think positive thoughts may lower their self-esteem.‎ C. Self-approval can bring a positive change to one's mood.‎ D. People with low self-esteem seldom write down their true feelings D My favorite teacher’s name was “Dead-Eye” Bean. Her real name was Dorothy. She taught American history to eighth graders in the junior high section of Creston, the high school that served the north end of Grand Rapids, Mich. It was the fall of 1944. Franklin D. Roosevelt was president; American troops were battling their way across France; Joe DiMaggio was still in the service; the Montgomery bus boycott was more than a decade away, and I was a 12-year-old black newcomer in a school that was otherwise all white. ‎ My mother, who had been a widow in New York, had married my stepfather, a Grand Rapids physician, the year before, and he had bought the best house he could afford for his new family. The problem for our new neighbors was that their neighborhood had previously been pristine(in their terms) and they were ignorant about black people. The prevailing wisdom in the neighborhood was that we were spoiling it and that we ought to go back where we belonged (or, alternatively, ought not to intrude where we were not wanted). There was a lot of angry talk among the adults, but nothing much came of it.‎ ‎ But some of the kids, those first few weeks, were quite nasty. They threw stones at me, chased me home when I was on foot and spat on my bike seat when I was in ‎ class. For a time, I was a pretty lonely, friendless and sometimes frightened kid. I was just transplanted from Harlem, and here in Grand Rapids, the dominant culture was speaking to me insistently.‎ ‎ I can see now that those youngsters were bullying and I was culturally disadvantaged. I knew then that they were bigoted（偏执的）, but the culture spoke to me more powerfully than my mind and I felt ashamed for being different – a nonstandard person. ‎ ‎ I now know that Dorothy Bean understood most of that and disapproved of it. So things began to change when I walked into her classroom. She was a pleasant-looking single woman, who looked old and wrinkled to me at the time, but who was probably about 40. ‎ ‎ Whereas my other teachers approached the problem of easing in their new black pupil by ignoring him for the first few weeks, Mrs. Bean went right at me. On the morning after having read our first assignment, she asked me the first question. I later came to know that in Grand Rapids, she was viewed as a person who believed, among other things, that Negroes were equal. ‎ ‎ I answered her question and the follow-up. They weren’t brilliant answers, but they did establish the fact that I had read the assignment and that I could speak English. Later in the hour, when one of my classmates had failed to give an answer, Miss. Bean came back to me with a question that required me to clean up the girl’s mess and established me as a smart person. ‎ ‎ Thus, the teacher began to give me human dimensions, though not perfect ones for an eighth grader. It was somewhat better to be a teacher’s pet than merely a dark presence in the back of the room.‎ ‎ A few days later, Miss Bean became the first teacher ever to require me to think. She asked my opinion about something Jefferson had done. In those days, all my opinions were derivative(缺乏独创性的). I was for Roosevelt because my parents were and I was for the Yankees because my older buddy from Harlem was a Yankee fan. Besides, we didn’t have opinions about historical figures like Jefferson. Like our high school building or Mayor Welch, he just was. ‎ ‎ After I stared at her for a few seconds, she said: “Well, should he have bought Lousiana or not?”‎ ‎ “I guess so,” I replied tentatively. ‎ ‎ “Why?” she shot back. ‎ ‎ Why? What kind of question was that, I complained silently. But I ventured an answer. Day after day, she kept doing that to me, and my answers became stronger and more confident. She was the first teacher to give me the sense that thinking was part of education and that I could form opinions that had some value. ‎ ‎ Her final service to me came on a day when my mind was wandering and I was idly digging my pencil into the writing surface on the arm of my chair. Miss Bean suddenly threw a hunk of gum eraser at me. By amazing chance, it hit my hand and sent the pencil flying. She gasped, and I crept(爬) shamefacedly after my pencil as the class roared. That was the ice breaker.‎ ‎ Afterward, kids came up to me to laugh about “Old Dead-Eye Bean.” The incident ‎ became a legend, and I, a part of that story, became a person to talk to.‎ ‎16. Why did the author moved to Grand Rapids?‎ ‎ A. Because his mother was a widow.‎ ‎ B. Because he knew Miss Bean was in Creston, Grand Rapids.‎ ‎ C. Because his mother got married to a physician in Grand Rapids.‎ ‎ D. Because black people could live anywhere they liked at that time.‎ ‎17. When the author first moved to Grand Rapids, the other kids_________.‎ ‎ A. talked to him a lot B. were friendly to him ‎ C. were unkind to him D. were curious about him and liked talking with him ‎18. Which of the following is not the help the author got from Miss Bean?‎ ‎ A. She punished the naughty boys who were rude to him.‎ ‎ B. She established him as a smart person in front of his classmates.‎ ‎ C. She helped him to form his own opinions.‎ ‎ D. She eased his relationship with his classmates. ‎ ‎19. Which of the following is TRUE?‎ ‎ A. Most people were friendly to black people at that time.‎ ‎ B. My classmates’ laughter hurt me when Miss Bean threw a piece of eraser to me.‎ ‎ C. The author’s most teachers just ignored him for the first few weeks.‎ ‎ D. The author’s answers in his first class made him a smart person in his classmates’ eyes.‎ ‎20. Which question is NOT answered in the story?‎ ‎ A. Why did the author like Miss Bean?‎ ‎ B. Why did Miss Bean throw an eraser at the author?‎ ‎ C. Where did Miss Bean grow up?‎ ‎ D. Had Miss Bean got married?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1-6 ABCCDB 7-11 DCADA 12-15 BADB 16-20 CCACC ‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Here are some of the world’s most impressive subways．‎ The Tokyo Metro and Toei Lines Features: The Tokyo Metro and Toei lines that compose Tokyo’s massive subway system carry almost 8 million people each day, making it the busiest system in the world．The system is famous for its oshiya--- literally, “pusher”--- who shove passengers into crowded subway cars so the doors can close．And you think your commute is hell．‎ The Moscow Metro Features: The Moscow Metro has some of the most beautiful stations in the world．The best of them were built during the Stalinist era and feature chandeliers（枝形吊灯）, marble moldings and elaborate ‎ murals（精美的壁画）．With more than 7 million riders a day, keeping all that marble clean has got to be a burden．‎ The Hong Kong Metro Features: The Hong Kong MTR has the distinction of being one of the few subway systems in the world that actually turns a profit．It’s privately owned and uses real estate development along its tracks to increase income and ridership．It also introduced “Octopus cards” that allow people to not only pay their fares electronically, but buy stuff at convenience stores, supermarkets, restaurants and even parking meters．It’s estimated that 95 % of all adults in Hong Kong own an Octopus card ．‎ Shanghai Metro Features: Shanghai is the third city in China to build a metro system, and it has become the country’s largest in the 12 years since it opened．Shanghai Metro has 142 miles of track and plans to add another 180 miles within five years．By that point, it would be three times larger than Chicago “L”．The system carries about 2．18 million people a day．‎ The London Metro Features: Londoners call their subway the Underground, even though 55 percent of it lies above ground．No matter when you’ve got the oldest mass-transit system in the world, you can call it anything you like．Trains started in1863 and they’ve been running ever since．Some 3 million people ride each day, every one of them remembering to “Mind the gap”．‎ ‎1．Which one can provide the riders some wonderful decorations at the stations?‎ ‎ A．The Tokyo Metro and Toei Lines B．The Moscow Metro ‎ C．The London Metro D．The Hong Kong MTR ‎2．________ is done with the purpose of making money．‎ ‎ A．The Tokyo Metro and Toei Lines B．The Moscow Metro ‎ C．The London Metro D．The Hong Kong MTR ‎3．We can learn from the passage that Shanghai Metro ________．‎ ‎ A．carries the most people each day ‎ B．is the world’s largest ‎ C．may be larger than the Chicago “L” in the future ‎ D．is the busiest in the world ‎4．How many subways carry more than 5 million people per day?‎ ‎ A．2 B．3 C．4 D．5‎ B ‎ Archaeology, like many academic words, comes from Greek and means, more or less, “the study of old things”．So, it is really a part of the study of ‎ history．However, most historians use paper evidence, such as letters, paintings and photographs, but archaeologists（考古学家）learn from the objects left behind by the humans of long ago．Normally, these are the hard materials that don’t break down or disappear very quickly—things like human bones and objects made from stone and metal．‎ ‎ It is very unusual to find anything more than the hard evidence of history—normally, the bacteria in the air eat away at soft materials, like bodies, clothes and things made of wood．Occasionally, things are different．‎ ‎ In 1984, two men made an amazing discovery while working in a bog called Lindow Moss, in the north of England．A bog is a very wet area of earth, with a lot of plants growing in it．It can be like a very big and very thick vegetable soup—walk in the wrong place and you can sink and disappear forever．The men were working when one of them saw something sticking out—a human foot! Naturally, the men called the police, who then found the rest of the body．Was it a case of murder? Possibly—buy it was a death nearly two thousand years old．The two men had found a body from the time of the Roman invasion of Britain．Despite being so old, this body had skin, muscles, hair and internal organs—the scientists who examined him were able to look inside the man’s stomach and find the food that he had eaten for his last meal!‎ ‎ Why was this man so well preserved? It was because he was in a very watery environment, safe from the bacteria that need oxygen to live．Also, the water in the bog was very acidic．The acid preserved the man’s skin in the way that animal skin is preserved for leather coats and shoes．‎ ‎ How did he die? Understandably, archaeologists and other scientists wanted to know more about the person that they called “Lindow Man”．His hands and fingernails suggested that he hadn’t done heavy manual work in this life—he could have been a rich man．They found that he hadn’t died by accident．The archaeologists believe that he was sacrificed to three different gods．‎ ‎5．Which language does the word “archaeology” come from?‎ ‎ A．French． B．Greek C．Roman． D．German。‎ ‎6．The word “these” in the first paragraph refers to _____．‎ ‎ A．letters B．photographs C．paintings D．objects ‎7．Which of the following helped to preserve “Lindow Man”?‎ ‎ A．Ice and low temperature B．Bacteria and oxygen ‎ C．Soil and energy D．Acid and water ‎8．According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?‎ ‎ A．“Lindow Man” was named after the person who first found him．‎ ‎ B．Historians usually use paper evidence, while archaeologists use hard evidence．‎ ‎ C．“Lindow Man” was found by two archaeologists in the south of England．‎ ‎ D．“Lindow Man” was good at manual work．‎ ‎9．Which is the best title for the passage?‎ ‎ A．What Is Archaeology?‎ ‎ B．Archaeology and History ‎ C．An Amazing Archaeological Discovery ‎ D．The Death of “Lindow Man”‎ C ‎ What is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man or woman who studies and applies physics, biology, chemistry, geology, engineering, medicine or any other science?‎ ‎ We all know that science plays an important role in our societies．However, many people believe that our progress depends on two different aspects of science．The first aspect is the application of the machines, products and systems of knowledge that scientists and technologists develop． The second is the application of the special methods of thought and action that scientists use in their work．‎ ‎ What are these special methods of thinking and acting? First of all, it seems that a successful scientist is curious - he wants to find out how and why the universe works．He usually pays attention to problems which he notices have no satisfying explanation, and looks for relationships even if the data available seem to be unconnected．Moreover, he thinks he can improve the existing conditions and enjoys trying to solve the problems which this involves．‎ ‎ He is a good observer, accurate, patient and objective（客观的） and uses the facts he observes to the fullest．For example, trained observers obtain a very large amount of information about a star mainly from the accurate analysis of the simple lines that appear in a spectrum（光谱）．‎ ‎ He does not accept statements which are not based on the most complete evidence available．He rejects authority as the only basis for truth．Scientists always check statements and make experiments carefully and objectively．‎ ‎ Furthermore, he does not readily accept his own idea, since he knows that man ‎ is the least reliable of scientific instruments and that a number of factors tend to disturb objective investigation．‎ ‎ Lastly, he is full of imagination since he often has to look for relationships in data which are not only complex but also frequently incomplete．Furthermore, he needs imagination if he wants to guess how processes work and how events take place．‎ ‎ These seem to be some of the ways in which a successful scientist or technologist thinks and acts．‎ ‎10．Many people believe that science helps society to progress through_________‎ ‎ A．knowledge only． B．more than one aspect．‎ ‎ C．technology only．   D．the use of machines．‎ ‎11．Which of the following statements about a curious scientist is TRUE?‎ ‎ A．He doesn’t find confidence and pleasure in work．‎ ‎ B．He is interested in problems that are explained．‎ ‎ C．He makes efforts to investigate potential connections．‎ ‎ D．He looks for new ways of acting．‎ ‎12．According to the passage, a successful scientist would NOT_______________．‎ ‎ A．easily believe in unchecked statements．‎ ‎ B．easily criticize others' research work．‎ ‎ C．always use his imagination in work．‎ ‎ D．always use evidence from observation．‎ ‎13．Which word can be used to describe the data that a good scientist uses?‎ ‎ A．complete B．objective C．complicated D．accurate ‎14．What does the passage mainly discuss?‎ ‎  A．Application of technology．‎ ‎   B．Progress in modem society．‎ ‎  C．Scientists' ways of thinking and acting．‎ ‎  D．How to become a successful scientist．‎ D ‎ Most of us spend our lives seeking the natural world．To this end, we walk the dog, play golf, go fishing, sit in the garden, drink outside rather than inside the pub, have a picnic, live in the suburbs, go to the seaside, buy a weekend place in the country．The most popular free time activity in Britain is going for a walk．And when joggers （慢跑者） jog, they don’t run the streets．Every one of them automatically heads to the park or the river．It is my firm belief that not only do we all need nature, but we all seek nature, whether we know we are doing so or not．‎ ‎ But despite this, our children are growing up nature-deprived （丧失）．I spent my boyhood climbing trees．These days, children are robbed of these ancient freedoms, due to problems like crime, traffic, the loss of the open spaces and strange new ideas about what is best for children, that is to say, things that can be bought, rather than things that can be found．‎ ‎ The truth is to be found elsewhere．A study in the US: families had moved to better housing and the children were assessed for ADHD （多动症）．Those whose housing had more natural views showed an improvement of 19%; those who had the same improvement in material surroundings but no nice view improved just 4%．‎ ‎ A study in Sweden indicated that kindergarten children who could play in a natural environment had less illness and greater physical ability than children used only to a normal playground．A US study suggested that when a school gave children access to a natural environment, the entire school would do better in studies．‎ ‎ Another study found that children play differently in a natural environment．In playgrounds, children create a hierarchy （等级） based on physical abilities, with the tough ones taking the lead．But when a grassy area was planted with bushes, the children got much more into fantasy play, and the social hierarchy was now based on imagination and creativity．‎ ‎ Most bullying （恃强凌弱） is found in schools where there is a tarmac （柏油碎石） playground; the least bullying is in a natural area that the children are encouraged to explore．This reminds me unpleasantly of Sunnyhill School, with its hard tarmac, where I used to hang about in corners dreaming about wildlife．‎ ‎ But children are frequently discouraged from involvement with natural spaces, for health and safety reasons, for fear that they might get dirty or that they might cause damage．So, instead, the damage is done to the children themselves: not to their bodies but to their souls．‎ ‎ One of the great problems of modern childhood is ADHD, now increasingly and expensively treated with drugs．Yet one study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD children．However, we spend money on drugs rather than on green places．‎ ‎ The life of old people is much better when they have access to nature．The most important for the growing population of old people is in quality rather than quantity of years．And study after study finds that a garden is the single most important thing in finding that quality．‎ ‎ In wider and more difficult areas of life, there is evidence to indicate that natural surroundings improve all kinds of things．Even problems with crime and aggressive behaviour are reduced when there is contact with the natural world．‎ ‎ Dr William Bird, researcher from the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds, states in his study, “A natural environment can reduce violent behaviour because its process helps reduce anger and behavior that people might regret later．” Wild places need encouraging for this reason, no matter how small their contribution．‎ ‎ We tend to think human beings are doing nature some kind of favour when we are protecting nature．The error here is far too deep: not only do humans need nature for themselves, but the very idea that humanity and the natural world are separable things is damaging．‎ ‎ Human beings are a species of animals．For seven million years we lived on the planet as part of nature．So we miss the natural world and long for contact with non-human life．Anyone who has patted a dog, stroked a cat, sat under a tree with a glass of beer, given or received a bunch of flowers or chosen to walk through the ‎ park on a nice day, understands that．‎ ‎ We need the wild world．It is necessary to our well-being, our health, our happiness．Without other living things around us we are less than human．‎ ‎15．What is the author’s firm belief?‎ ‎ A．People seek nature in different ways．‎ ‎ B．People should spend most of their lives in the wild．‎ ‎ C．People have quite different ideas of nature．‎ ‎ D．People must make more efforts to study nature．‎ ‎16．What does the author say people prefer for their children nowadays?‎ ‎　 A．Personal freedom．‎ ‎　 B．Things that are natural．‎ ‎　 C．Urban surroundings．‎ ‎　 D．Things that are purchased．‎ ‎17．What does a study in Sweden show?‎ ‎　 A．The natural environment can help children learn better．‎ ‎　 B．More access to nature makes children less likely to fall ill．‎ ‎　 C．A good playground helps kids develop their physical abilities．‎ ‎　 D．Natural views can prevent children from developing ADHD．‎ ‎18．Children who have chances to explore natural areas ________．‎ ‎　 A．tend to develop a strong love for science ‎　 B．are more likely to dream about wildlife ‎　 C．tend to be physically tougher in adulthood ‎　 D．are less likely to be involved in bullying ‎19．What does the author suggest we do to help children with ADHD?‎ ‎　 A．Find more effective drugs for them．‎ ‎　 B．Provide more green spaces for them．‎ ‎　 C．Place them under more personal care．‎ ‎　 D．Engage them in more meaningful activities．‎ ‎20．In what way do elderly people benefit from their contact with nature?‎ ‎　 A．They look on life optimistically．‎ ‎ B．They enjoy a life of better quality．‎ ‎ C．They are able to live longer．‎ ‎ D．They become good-humoured．‎ BDCAB DDBCB CACCA DBDBB ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎