【英语】2018届人教版必修7一轮复习：Unit4Sharing核心词汇学案（6页）

【英语】2018届人教版必修7一轮复习：Unit4Sharing核心词汇学案（6页）

Unit 4 Sharing 核心词汇学案 核心单词 ‎1. relevant adj. 有关的；切题的 常用结构：‎ be relevant to= have sth. to do with 与……有关 The meeting is relevant to the matter in hand.‎ 这次会议与正在进行的事情有密切关系。‎ In the exams, make sure that everything you write is relevant to the questions you have been asked.‎ 在考试时一定要注意，你写的所有内容都要切合题意。‎ 联想拓展 relevance n. 关联；相关性 have relevance to 与……有关 have no relevance to=have nothing to do with ‎ 与……无关 What you say has no relevance to the subject.‎ 你所说的与主题无关。‎ 高手过招 单项填空 Topics for compositions should be to the experiences and interests of the students. ‎ A. Concerned B. dependent C. concerning D. Relevant 解析：选D。句意为：作文的题目应与学生的经历和兴趣有关。be relevant to与……有关；而concerning 是介词，相当于about,后面不加to。‎ ‎2. adjust ‎ vt.&vi.调整；使适合 I usually adjust my watch before I go to work in the morning.‎ 我通常早上上班前校准我的表。‎ 常用结构：‎ adjust(sth.／oneself)(to sth.)使适应；适应 It seems that the newcomers have adjusted themselves in the schoo1.‎ 新来的同学看来适应了学校生活。‎ He adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of the country.‎ 他使自己很快适应了这个国家炎热的气候。‎ These desks and chairs can be adjusted to the height of any child.这些桌子和凳子能被调整到适合任何孩子的高度。‎ 联想拓展 adjustment n. 调整；修正 adjustable adj. 可调节的；可调整的注意：该词作不及物动词时，意为“适应于”，后常跟介词to。‎ 高手过招 ‎(1)单项填空 ‎①You can’t see things clearly through a telescope unless it is correctly to your sight. ‎ A. Adjusted B. Examined C. Checked D. tested ‎②You can this desk the height of any child. ‎ A. adjust; to B. make; to C. suit; to D. remain; for ‎(2)翻译句子 ‎ ‎①他很快就适应了这种生活方式，从此幸福地生活着。‎ ‎②许多新兵没能很快的适应军中生活，结果病倒了。‎ 解析：(1)①选A。句意为：通过望远镜你看不清东西，除非你把它调好。adjust ...to 调整……以适应。‎ ‎②选A。句意为: 你可以调节这张桌子以适应孩子的身高。 adjust sth. to sth.调整某物以适应某物。‎ ‎(2)①He soon adjusted himself to the way of life and has lived happily ever since.‎ ‎②Quite a few new soldiers could not adjust themselves to army life and fell ill.‎ ‎3. participate ‎ vi. 参加,参与；有关系 常用结构：‎ participate in参加,参与 ‎ Everyone in class is expected to participate in these discussions. ‎ 希望全班同学都能参与这些讨论。‎ 联想拓展 participant n. 参加者,参与的人 ‎ participation n. 参与；分享 易混辨析 participate in/attend/join/take part in/join in ‎ participate in 正式用语，表示参加，参与。强调与他人共同参加某一活动，暗示以一种积极的态度参加。‎ ‎ attend 正式用语，一般用于指参加会议，出席典礼或招待会等，也可以指上学，听课，听演讲或讲座等。‎ ‎ join 常用词，作及物动词；通常指参加某组织或团体，并成为其中的一员，其宾语往往是the army/party/team/club等。‎ ‎ take part in 指参加群众性的活动，侧重说明主语参加该项活动并在其中发挥一定的作用。part 前若有修饰语，要用不定冠词。如take (an active) part in school/activities。‎ ‎ join in 参加正在进行的活动，其宾语一般是竞赛、娱乐、谈话、讨论、聚会、游戏等名词，可以用于join in (doing) sth./join sb. in (doing) sth. 结构中。 ‎ 高手过招 ‎(1)单项填空 The teacher is easygoing, and she often in the pupils’games. ‎ A. Participates B. acts C. Joined D. took part ‎(2)用方框内所给单词或短语的适当形式填空 ‎ ‎ join/join in/take part in/attend/participate in ‎①They all the plot.‎ ‎②At the age of eighteen, he the party.‎ ‎③The children the English Evening and had a good time.‎ ‎④He didn’t school yesterday because of his illness.‎ ‎⑤Zhou Enlai the student movements actively when he was at school.‎ ‎(1)解析：选A。由时态可排除C，D两项；根据句意表示的是“参加一个活动”可知，答案选A。‎ ‎(2)①participated in ②joined ③joined in ④attend ⑤took part in ‎4. privilege ‎ n. 特权；特别待遇 vt. 给予……特权 常用结构：‎ enjoy privileges 享受特权 the privilege of doing sth./to do sth.有幸做某事 privilege sb. from ... 给某人特权使某人免于……‎ I hope to have the privilege of working with them again. ‎ 但愿有幸和他们再度合作。‎ 联想拓展 privileged adj. 有特权的 ‎ be privileged to do sth. 荣幸地去做某事 We are privileged to welcome you as our speaker this evening.‎ 我们荣幸地欢迎你今晚来给我们做演讲。 ‎ ‎ 解析：选B。句意为：女士们，先生们，我非常荣幸地介绍今晚的演讲嘉宾。privilege of doing sth./to do sth.有幸做某事。‎ ‎5. donate ‎ v. 捐赠，赠送 常用结构：‎ donate sth. to sb. 向某人捐赠某物 She donated a large sum of money to the charity.‎ 她捐了一大笔钱给那个慈善机构。‎ The van was donated to us by a local firm.‎ 这辆货车是当地一家公司捐赠给我们的。‎ 联想拓展 donation n. 捐赠；捐赠物；捐款 make/give/present a donation to sb. 捐赠给某人 send a donation to 把捐款寄至……‎ promise a donation 应允捐赠 ‎ 高手过招 完成句子 ‎ ‎①He (捐赠)a million to the school. ‎ ‎②The rest of the money we get is (来自捐赠).‎ 答案：①donated ②from donations ‎6. purchase ‎ vt.& n.买；购买; (以某种代价)换得；(经过努力)取得，赢得(常与with连用)‎ The new couple spent some money on the purchase of the furniture necessary for their new house.‎ 这对新婚夫妇花费了一些钱购买新房子里必备的家具。‎ The farm was sold at ten years purchase. ‎ 这农场以相当于十年土地收入的价钱售出。‎ 常用结构：‎ made a purchase 买件东西 leave sb.to his purchase 让某人自谋生路 live on ones purchase 自谋生计，自找活路 purchase freedom with blood 以血的代价赢得自由 purchase and sale 买卖 高手过招 翻译句子 （原创）‎ ‎①这是我前几天买来的一件东西。‎ ‎②你不努力什么也不能得到。‎ ‎③他给他的儿子一些钱买课本。‎ 答案： ①It is a recent purchase of mine/what I purchased the other day.‎ ‎②You can’t get any purchase without efforts/purchase anything if you don’t make any effort.‎ ‎③He gave his son some money for the purchase of／to purchase school books.‎ ‎7. distribution n.分配；分发 分布状态 At present, the distribution of profits cannot satisfy most of the people. ‎ 目前利润的分配未能满足大多数人。‎ 联想拓展 distribute vt. 分配; 散布 distribute sth. To 把某物分配/分发给……‎ distribute sth. Among 在……分发某物 Before the opening ceremony of the super-market, some workers are sent to distribute handbills on the street.‎ 超市开业前，一些工作人员被派去街上散发传单。 ‎ 高手过招 翻译句子 （原创）‎ ‎①幼儿园的老师正在给小朋友们派发礼物。‎ ‎②救援物资的发放依然在讨论中。‎ ‎ 答案：①The teacher in the kindergarten is distributing the gifts to the children.‎ ‎②The distribution of the rescuing goods is under discussion.‎ 重点短语 ‎8. make any (a) difference to ‎ 对……有任何关系或影响；对……起作用 It makes a difference which you choose.‎ 你选择哪一个，事关重大。‎ Your support will certainly make a difference in our cause.‎ 你的支持当然会在我们的事业中发挥重要作用。‎ 联想拓展 make no/a little/much/some difference ‎ 没有/有一点/有很大的/有一些差别 tell the difference between 说出……的差别 make a difference between 区分…… ‎ 高手过招 ‎ 单项填空 ‎ Does it any difference whether we leave at 9:00 or at 10:00? ‎ A.Tell B. be C. give D. Make ‎ 解析：选D。句意为：我们是9点还是10点离开会有什么影响吗？make any difference 有……影响。 ‎ ‎9. stick out (of sth.)‎ ‎=stick sth. out of ‎ 伸出；突出 Don’t stick your arm out of the car window. ‎ 不要把胳膊伸出车窗外。‎ 联想拓展 stick out for 坚持索取；坚决要求 stick at 坚持不懈 stick together 团结在一起；站在一起 stick to 坚持；忠于 stick up 向上突起；竖起 stick up for 支持；维护 ‎ 高手过招 单项填空 Once you made a decision, you should it. ‎ ‎ ‎ A.stick out B. stick to C. persist in D. insist on ‎ ‎ 解析：选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意为：一旦你作出决定，你就应该坚持下去。stick to+ n./pron. 坚持；stick out 突出；坚持；persist in 固执己见； insist on doing sth. 坚持做某事。根据句意，选B。‎ 重点句型 ‎10. I know you’re dying to hear all about my life here, so I’ve included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about. ‎ 我知道你急于了解我在这里的生活情况。我在信中附有几张照片，能够帮助你想像出我所谈到的地方。‎ be dying to do sth意为“极想做某事”。‎ All of them are dying to see the movie. ‎ 他们所有人都极想看那部电影。‎ 联想拓展 be dying for sth. 极想得到某物 表示“渴望”的相关短语:‎ be thirsty for sth.‎ be eager to do sth.‎ desire to do sth.‎ have a strong desire for sth.‎ long to do sth./ for sth.‎ starve for sth.‎ have an urge to do sth.‎ be keen to do sth./ be keen on doing sth.‎ 由动词die组成的短语：‎ die away逐渐消失 高手过招 单项填空 Smallpox, a kind of disease, has now died . ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ A. out B. away C. off D. Down 解析：选A。考查短语辨析。 die out 灭绝，消失;die away 渐息；die down 平息；die off (花、草)枯死。根据句意，选A。‎ ‎ ‎