2021版高考英语大一轮复习核心素养测评：十一Module5NewspapersandMagazines外研版必修2

2021版高考英语大一轮复习核心素养测评：十一Module5NewspapersandMagazines外研版必修2

核心素养测评十一 Module 5 Newspapers and Magazines Ⅰ. 阅读理解 A ‎ It’s 50 years since man first stepped on the moon, and we’re still harboring dreams of escaping life on Earth for the mysteries of space. ‎ ‎　　Californian company the Gateway Foundation has released plans for the Von Braun Station, a hotel floating among the stars. The aim is to get the hotel off the ground by 2025 and make it fully operational for travel by 2027. ‎ ‎　　Tim Alatorre, senior design architect at the Gateway Foundation, says the spinning wheel would create a gravity. “The station is designed to rotate, pushing the contents of the station out to the sides of the station, much in the way that you can spin a bucket of water—the water pushes out into the bucket and stays in place, ” he tells CNN Travel. ‎ ‎　　The Gateway Foundation’s hotel design is named after Wernher Von Braun, an aerospace engineer who pioneered rocket technology, first in Germany and later in the United States. ‎ ‎　　Space tourism is an expensive game—Richard Branson’s Virgin Galactic plans to launch passengers into sub-orbital space at the sum of $250, 000 per person, per trip. Meanwhile, Aurora Station says a stay in its space hotel will cost an eyewatering $9. 5 million. Aurora Station aims to sleep just 12, whereas the Von Braun Station will sleep 352 people with a maximum capacity of 450. ‎ ‎　　On board, there’ll be warm suites with carpets and stylish monochrome touches and chic bars that wouldn’t look out of place back on Earth, just with star-gazing views. There will also be plenty of fun recreational activities for guest to enjoy, says Alatorre. ‎ ‎　　“But our goal—the main goal of the Gateway Foundation—is to create a starship culture where people are going to space, and living in space, and working in space and they want to be in space. And we believe that there’s a demand for that. ” The Gateway Foundation also intends the space station to be used for research ‎ 12‎ purposes, as well as asteroid mining. ‎ ‎　　“There’s no amount of water or trash or waste that is going to be discarded. Everything will be recycled, reused, stored, converted to some other form. ”‎ ‎【文章大意】本文为说明文, 讲的是美国一家基金会近日公布了将打造太空旅馆的设计, 这个旅馆被设计成轮子形状, 将于2025年建成。‎ ‎1. What is the passage mainly about? ‎ A. A new wheel-shaped space hotel to be built. ‎ B. The most advanced space hotel in the world. ‎ C. The shape of the new space hotel. ‎ D. The cost of a space trip in the future. ‎ ‎【解析】选A。主旨大意题。纵观全文可知, 本文讲述了美国一家基金会将打造一座轮子形状的太空旅馆, 故选A。‎ ‎2. What can we learn from the passage? ‎ A. The new space hotel will spin under the influence of gravity. ‎ B. The tourists to the space hotel will have few activities to enjoy there. ‎ C. The new space hotel is quite environmentally friendly. ‎ D. The main aim to build the space hotel is to make money. ‎ ‎【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话可知A项错误; 根据第六段最后一句话可知B项错误; 根据最后一段可知C项正确; 根据倒数第二段第一句话可知D项错误。故选C。‎ ‎3. A man’s trip to the new space hotel and a stay in it will cost $　　　.  ‎ A. 250, 000　　　　　 B. 9. 5 million C. 9. 25 million D. 9. 75 million ‎【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第五段第一句话中的“. . . the sum of $250, 000 per person, per trip”和第二句话中的“. . . a stay in its space hotel will cost an eyewatering $9. 5 million”可知将花费9. 75 million美元, 故选D。‎ ‎4. What does the underlined word“rotate”in Paragraph 3 mean ? ‎ A. spin　　B. stop　　C. break　　D. end ‎【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句话中的“the spinning wheel would create a gravity”和第二句话中的“much in the way that you can spin a bucket of water”可知, 画线单词与spin意思一致, 故选A。 ‎ 12‎ ‎【知识拓展】长难句分析 On board, there’ll be warm suites with carpets and stylish monochrome touches and chic bars that would’t look out of place back on Earth, just with star-gazing views. ‎ 分析: 这是复合句。that wouldn’t. . . Earth是定语从句, 修饰suites。‎ 翻译: 在太空站, 将有温暖的套房, 它们有地毯、时尚的黑白装饰和雅致的酒吧, 并且还带着观察星星的风景。在地球上看起来它们也是适宜的。‎ B ‎(2020·黄冈模拟)‎ ‎　　When the clock struck midnight on February 23, my flight left the Egyptian capital Cairo heading for Beijing. I was about to start a 10-month program organized by China’s Public Diplomacy Association. ‎ During this program offered to African journalists to better understand China and report on some important events, one being the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation in September, I gained a lot of knowledge regarding the culture, history, and features of this vast society. ‎ Upon arrival, I first sought out the Egyptian community in Beijing, and met two journalists from my country who worked for Xinhua News Agency and China Global Television Network. Our gathering point was an Egyptian coffee shop in Sanlitun, a well-known meeting place for foreigners in Beijing. Most of our meetings were spent sharing experiences about life in China. Indeed, I was able to begin understanding the country through their stories. Plus, through those friends I expanded my circle. ‎ I also struck up a relationship with some Chinese journalists while participating in activities with my African peers. They helped me appreciate the rich culture and eventful history of ancient China, as well as the massive developments over the last 40 years, both politically and economically. ‎ During my stay, I traveled to nine provinces and visited masses of cities. The place I was most connected with was Sanya due to its similarities to Sharm El-Sheikh, one of the world’s most famous tourist destinations, located on the Red Sea in Egypt. ‎ 12‎ Shanghai will also last in my memory. I discover that this city is not only distinguished for business deals, but has a colorful history illustrated by its fantastic museum, which tells the story of how Shanghai’s importance grew in the 19th century. ‎ When walking in Beijing or any of the other cities I visited, I always felt history mixed with signs of modernity, mirroring four decades of hard work. I recorded many aspects of my life in China. ‎ ‎【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。一位埃及的新闻工作者讲述了他在中国执行一个为期10个月的项目期间, 对中国文化、历史、整个社会特征及改革开放成果的所见、所思和所感。‎ ‎5. Why did the writer come to China? ‎ A. Working for Xinhua News Agency. ‎ B. Visiting some famous cities. ‎ C. Expanding his circle of friends. ‎ D. Covering important events. ‎ ‎【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“During this program offered to African journalists to better understand China and report on some important events, ”可知, 在此期间, 向非洲记者提供了更好地了解中国和报道一些重要事件的机会。所以作者前往中国的目的是报道相关的事件。故选D。‎ ‎6. What do foreigners usually do when meeting in Sanlitun? ‎ A. Talk about their life experiences. ‎ B. Just have a drink in a coffee shop. ‎ C. Share stories in their own countries. ‎ D. Participate in activities. ‎ ‎【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第三段中的“Most of our meetings were spent sharing experiences about life in China. ”可知, 外国人聚会时通常会分享在中国生活的经历。故选A。‎ ‎7. Which of the following is the reason for the writer’s mentioning Sharm El-Sheikh? ‎ A. He missed his hometown. ‎ B. It is a famous tourist destination. ‎ C. It has something in common with Sanya. ‎ 12‎ D. It is located in Egypt. ‎ ‎【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第五段中的“The place I was most connected with was Sanya due to its similarities to Sharm El-Sheikh”可知, 我最常去的地方是三亚, 因为它和沙姆沙伊赫很相似。所以作者提到沙姆沙伊赫的原因是因为它和三亚有一些共同之处。故选C。‎ ‎8. Which word can best describe the writer’s impression of China? ‎ A. Dissatisfying. B. Awesome. ‎ C. Moving. D. Horrible. ‎ ‎【解析】选B。推理判断题。由全文, 尤其是第四段“They helped me appreciate the rich culture and eventful history of ancient China, as well as the massive developments over the last 40 years, both politically and economically”可知, 他们帮助我领略了中国古代丰富的文化和多变故的历史, 以及过去40年来中国在政治和经济上的巨大发展。所以通过作者对中国文化、历史、整个社会特征及改革开放成果的所见、所思和所感, 可以判断出作者对中国的印象是极其好的, 充满着羡慕之情 。故选B。‎ ‎【知识拓展】佳词积累 ‎1. seek out 　　　　 找出; 挑出 ‎2. eventful adj. 变故多的; 多事的 ‎3. massive adj. 巨大的; 大量的 ‎4. illustrate v. 举例说明; 加插图于 ‎5. modernity n. 现代性; 现代作风 ‎6. mirror v. 反映; 反射 Ⅱ. 完形填空 ‎　　It was an extraordinarily busy time of year. I felt some 　1　 to head straight home after a long meeting. So I headed to the 　2　 nearby for some therapeutic (治疗性的)hiking. As I reached the top and admired the view, my unclear mind 　3　. Re-energized, I knew that I could deal with the 　4　 that waited for me upon my 　5　. When I arrived back in the office the next day, I was full of energy, and finished my work 　6　.  ‎ It was almost 20 years ago that I learned how 　7　 it is for me to carve out time to escape to the wild. I had finished my Ph. D. , 　8　 soil and water ‎ 12‎ conservation in Honduras, but I wasn’t sure what 　9　 I wanted to have. So, I decided to act on a dream I had been nursing for a few years, 　10　 my mom showed me a magazine article about a man who had 　11　 around America. I figured that I could 　12　 cycling with research for a book on American agriculture while I worked out my next career step.  ‎ So I did it. During the cycling 　13　, I found the clearness I needed to 　14　 my next career move. Talking with farmers I met along the way, I learned that their biggest 　15　 was selling their produce. I decided to broaden my 　16　 from land management to improving farmers’ access to markets. My 　17　 interest led to working for a nongovernmental organization and I did eventually 　18　 a book on American agriculture.  ‎ The 　19　 is to find your source of inspiration and make good use of it. For me, I always get nourishment (营养) from being 　20　 in the outdoors.  ‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是记叙文。户外运动为作者提供动力和能量供给, 帮助作者成功应对各种难题。‎ ‎1. A. pressure　　　　　B. danger C. shame D. embarrassment ‎【解析】选A。pressure压力; danger危险; shame羞愧; embarrassment尴尬。根据上下文an extraordinarily busy time of year和a long meeting 可推测, 非常忙的工作给作者带来了“压力(pressure)”。故选A。‎ ‎2. A. forest B. park C. hospital D. mountain ‎【解析】选D。forest森林; park公园; hospital医院; mountain山脉。根据下文中的the top可推测, 作者去了附近的一座“山(mountain)”徒步旅行。故选D。‎ ‎3. A. calmed B. wandered C. developed D. appeared ‎【解析】选A。calm冷静; wander漫步; develop发展; appear出现。根据下文中的Re-energized 可知, 登高望远后, 作者“冷静了(calmed)”下来。故选A。‎ ‎4. A. meeting　B. change　C. work　　　D. time ‎【解析】选C。meeting会议; change改变; work工作; time时间。下文中的finished my 12‎ ‎ work提示了本题答案。故选C。‎ ‎5. A. reply B. return C. relaxation D. recovery ‎【解析】选B。reply回答; return返回; relaxation放松; recovery恢复。根据下文中的arrived back in the office可知, 这里指作者“返回(return)”办公室以后。故选B。‎ ‎6. A. successfully B. casually C. anxiously D. constantly ‎【解析】选A。successfully成功地; casually随便地; anxiously不安地; constantly不断地。根据空前的full of energy可推测, 作者能量满满, “成功地(successfully)”完成了工作。故选A。‎ ‎7. A. strange B. important C. difficult D. interesting ‎【解析】选B。strange奇怪的; important重要的; difficult困难的; interesting有趣的。根据上下文语境可知, 户外运动为作者提供动力和能量供给, 帮助作者成功应对各种难题, 因此挤出时间亲近大自然对作者很“重要(important)”。故选B。‎ ‎8. A. continuing B. choosing C. studying D. supporting ‎【解析】选C。continue继续; choose选择; study学习; support支持。根据下文soil and water conservation in Honduras可知, 此处是在解释说明作者的博士研究方向; studying(学习, 研究)符合此处语境。故选C。‎ ‎9. A. tour B. book C. career D. major ‎【解析】选C。tour旅游; book书籍; career事业; 职业; major主修。根据本段末的 worked out my next career step可知, 作者取得博士学位后, 并不确定将来从事什么“职业(career)”。故选C。‎ ‎10. A. unless B. if C. though D. since ‎【解析】选D。unless除非; if如果; though尽管; since自从; 既然。作者心里多年的梦想是在妈妈给作者看了一篇杂志上的文章以后滋生的, since(自从)符合此处语境。故选D。‎ ‎11. A. run B. cycled C. driven D. flown ‎【解析】选B。run跑; cycle骑自行车; drive驾驶;‎ 12‎ ‎ fly飞行。下文中的cycling提示了本题答案。故选B。‎ ‎12. A. combine B. compare C. replace D. practise ‎【解析】选A。combine结合; compare比较; replace替代; practise练习。由于作者当时并不清楚自己将来想做什么, 所以他想将骑车旅行与自己专业相关的研究结合起来, combine(结合, 联合)符合此处语境。故选A。‎ ‎13. A. competition B. history C. performance D. trip ‎【解析】选D。competition竞争; history历史; performance表现; trip旅行。根据上段内容可知, 作者在骑车“旅行(trip)”。故选D。‎ ‎14. A. insist on B. put down C. figure out D. learn from ‎【解析】选C。insist on坚持; put down记下; 放下; figure out想清楚; learn from向……学习。根据上段中的worked out my next career step可知, 作者在旅行中“想清楚了(figure out)”自己下一步做什么。故选C。‎ ‎15. A. challenge B. progress C. adventure D. sacrifice ‎【解析】选A。challenge挑战; 难题; progress进步; adventure冒险; sacrifice牺牲。根据本段中的 improving farmers’ access to markets 可推测, 农民最大的“难题(challenge)”是卖农产品。故选A。‎ ‎16. A. experience B. focus C. discussion D. search ‎【解析】选B。experience经历; focus集中; 关注点; discussion 讨论; search搜索。根据上文了解了农民的难题之后, 作者决定除了原有的研究领域外, 扩大自己的“关注点(focus)”, 帮助农民开拓市场。故选B。‎ ‎17. A. deep B. particular C. personal D. new ‎【解析】选D。deep深的; particular特别的; personal私人的; new新的。上句中improving farmers’ access to markets是作者的“新(new)”兴趣。故选D。‎ ‎18. A. buy B. borrow C. publish D. notice 12‎ ‎【解析】选C。buy购买; borrow借; publish出版; notice注意到。根据上段中的 research for a book on American agriculture 可知, 作者最终如愿以偿, 成功“出版(publish)”了图书。故选C。‎ ‎19. A. reason B. problem C. result D. key ‎【解析】选D。reason理由; problem问题; result结果; key关键。作者通过自身的经历告诉大家, 找到动力来源并好好利用很“关键(key)”。故选D。‎ ‎20. A. active B. alone C. confident D. brave ‎【解析】选A。active活跃的; alone独自的; confident自信的; brave勇敢的。根据上文内容可知, 作者“积极(active)”投身户外, 获得源源不断的动力和能量供给。故选A。‎ Ⅲ. 语法填空 ‎　　阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎　　Most 97-year-olds would 1. 　　　　　 (probable) feel accomplished just getting out of bed in the morning. John B. Goodenough, 97, just won the Nobel Prize in chemistry.  ‎ ‎　　2. 　　　　　 (bear) in 1922 in Jena, Germany, Goodenough earned a PhD from the University of Chicago in 1952. He went on to work at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, then at the University of Oxford. It was at Oxford 3. 　　　　　 Goodenough made the groundbreaking discovery of lithium-ion batteries (锂离子电池) that helped 4. 　　　　　(he) win the Nobel.  ‎ ‎　　The ability 5. 　　　　　 (store)energy from renewable sources like the sun and the wind, opens up 6. 　　　　　 sustainable energy consumption. From laptops to smartphones, lithium-ion batteries power some of the most commonly used devices. Electric vehicles 7. 　　　　　 (make) possible because of the development of these batteries, and wireless communication has flourished because of 8. 　　　　　 technology.  ‎ ‎　　Even at the age of 97, he continues to develop new polymers and battery concepts with researchers in his lab. He is now largely focused on 9. 　　　　 (develop) all-solid-state batteries as they can offer better 10. 　　　　　 (safe).  ‎ 12‎ ‎【文章大意】由于在锂离子电池领域的贡献, 97岁的古迪纳夫是至今为止最年长的诺贝尔化学奖获得者。‎ ‎1. 【解析】probably。考查词形变化。大多数97岁的老年人可能只要早上能起得了床就会充满成就感。此处修饰动词feel, 应使用副词形式, 故填probably。‎ ‎2. 【解析】Born。考查非谓语动词。be born in意为“出生于”, 和句子主语Goodenough在逻辑上是被动关系, 所以使用过去分词作状语。故填Born。‎ ‎3. 【解析】that。考查强调句型。正是在牛津大学期间, 古迪纳夫取得了锂离子电池的突破性发现, 帮助他获得了诺贝尔奖。该句为强调句, 其结构为“It is +被强调部分+that从句”, 被强调的是地点状语at Oxford。故填that。‎ ‎4. 【解析】him。考查代词。作help的宾语, 用代词的宾格。‎ ‎5. 【解析】to store。考查非谓语动词。the ability后常用不定式作定语, 修饰名词。‎ ‎6. 【解析】for。锂离子电池储存来自太阳能、风能等可再生能源的能力为可持续的能源消费打开了大门。此处表示目的, 故填for。‎ ‎7. 【解析】were made。由于锂离子电池的发展, 电动汽车被研发出来。make和electric vehicles在逻辑上是被动关系; 根据常识, 电动汽车被研发发生在过去, 故填一般过去时的被动语态。‎ ‎8. 【解析】the。无线通信也因为锂离子电池的技术而蓬勃发展。此处表示特指, 故填the。‎ ‎9. 【解析】developing。古迪纳夫现在主要专注于开发全固态电池。作介词on的宾语且表示动作, 应使用动名词形式。故填developing。‎ ‎10. 【解析】safety。它们能够提供更好的安全。作动词offer的宾语应使用名词, 故填safety。‎ 语法填空 ‎　　The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, the world’s 1. 　　　　 (long) cross-sea bridge, enters the history of human engineering and connection as a point of pride upon 2. 　　　　 (it) opening to traffic at 9 am on Oct. 24, 2018.  ‎ One day after the opening was announced at a ceremony 3. 　　　　 (hold) in Zhuhai, the bridge’s ports in three different administrative regions started serving travelers around the clock, opening 24 hours a day, seven days a week. 4. 　　　　 (ensure) faster boundary crossings for passengers, the Macao and Zhuhai ports jointly use a one-off immigration model, 5. 　　　　 allows travelers to queue up ‎ 12‎ only once to finish both exit and entry procedures of the two cities in about thirty ‎ ‎6. 　　　　 (second).  ‎ Apart 7. 　　　　 private cars, taxis and goods vehicles, two types of public transportation—shuttle bus and cross-boundary coach—can also run on the HZMB. 8. 　　　　 frequency of shuttle buses is about 5—10 minutes during peak hours. Booking tickets for the shuttle bus online in advance 9. 　　　　 (be) available since 9 am on Tuesday. With the bridge now in service, the travelling time between Zhuhai and Hong Kong International Airport will 10. 　　　　 (shorten) from 4 hours to 45 minutes.  ‎ ‎【文章大意】本文为记叙文。本文主要介绍了世界上最长的跨海大桥香港—珠海—澳门大桥是于2018年10月24日上午9点开始通车。为了确保更快地帮助旅客过境, 澳门和珠海港口联合使用一次性入境模式, 只需30秒即可完成两个城市的出入境手续, 大大缩短了珠海与香港国际机场之间的交通时间。‎ ‎1. 【解析】longest。考查形容词最高级。句意: 2018年10月24日上午9时, 世界上最长的跨海大桥——港珠澳大桥正式通车。根据前面的“the world’s”可知, 此处要用形容词最高级, 故填longest。‎ ‎2. 【解析】its。考查物主代词。句意: 港珠澳大桥的通车进入人类工程学和连接的历史。分析句子可知, 句子的主语是港珠澳大桥的通车。“港珠澳大桥的”即是“它的”, 故填its。‎ ‎3. 【解析】held。考查过去分词。句意: 在珠海举行的开幕式宣布一天后, 三个不同行政区的大桥港口开始一周7天, 24小时的通车。分析句子可知, 本空在句中作定语, 修饰ceremony, 它与动词hold 存在被动关系, 且动作已发生了, 故填held。‎ ‎4. 【解析】To ensure。考查动词不定式。句意: 为确保旅客过境速度更快, 澳门和珠海口岸联合使用一次性入境模式。分析语境可知, 本空在句中作目的状语, 且位于句首, 故填To ensure。‎ ‎5. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。句意: 澳门和珠海口岸联合使用一次性入境模式, 这种模式使得旅客只需排队一次。根据语境可知, 此空是指代前面的一个句子, 指代前面的句子且引导非限制性定语从句要用which, 故本空填which。‎ ‎6. 【解析】seconds。考查名词复数。根据空前“about thirty”可知, 要用复数形式, 故填seconds。‎ ‎7. 【解析】from。考查固定搭配。句意: 除私家车、的士及货车外,‎ 12‎ ‎ 穿梭巴士及跨境巴士也可在港珠澳大桥上行驶。apart from为固定搭配, 意为“除之外”。故填from。‎ ‎8. 【解析】The。考查冠词。句意: 高峰时段的班车频率约为5—10分钟一趟。分析句子可知, 本空是特指高峰时段的班车, 因此要用定冠词, 故填The。‎ ‎9. 【解析】has been。考查时态。句意: 从周二上午9点开始, 我们就可以提前在线预订班车的票。根据“since 9 am on Tuesday”可知, 本句要用现在完成时, 且主语是动词的ing形式, 所以谓语动词要用单数, 故填has been。‎ ‎10. 【解析】be shortened。考查语态。句意: 珠海至香港国际机场的往返时间将从4小时(被)缩短到45分钟。分析句子可知, 主语(the travelling time)与谓语动词(shorten)二者是被动关系, 因此要用被动语态, 故填be shortened。‎ ‎【知识拓展】佳词积累 ‎1. engineering 　　　　 n. 工程学; 工程 ‎2. administrative region 行政区域 ‎3. jointly adv. 共同地; 连带地 ‎4. one-off adj. 一次性的 ‎5. immigration n. 移居; 移民 ‎6. shuttle bus 穿梭巴士; 班车 12‎