专题09 阅读理解主旨大意题（冲关真题训练）-备战2018年高考英语大题冲关秘笈

专题09 阅读理解主旨大意题（冲关真题训练）-备战2018年高考英语大题冲关秘笈

备战2018年高考英语大题冲关秘笈 专题09 冲关真题训练 题组一 Passage 1(2017·新课标II卷，D)‎ 话题 词数 难度 参考用时 正确率 ‎ UNESCO把4月30日定为国际爵士日 ‎ 340 ‎ ‎★★★☆☆‎ ‎7分钟 Some of the world’s most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day. UNESCO( United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(联合) voice across cultures.‎ Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.‎ It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that. As the Kennedy Center’s artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.‎ ‎“Jazz seems like it’s not really a part of the American appetite,” Moran tells National Public Radio’s reporter Neal Conan. “What I’m hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and write anymore. It’s actually color, and it’s actually digital.”‎ Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost. “The music can’t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same,” says Moran.‎ Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Waller’s music for a dance party, “just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music,” says Moran. “For me, it’s the recontextualization. In music, where does the ‎ emotion(情感) lie? Are we, as humans, gaining any insight(感悟) on how talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context,” says Moran, “so I want to continue those dialogues. Those are the things I want to foster.”‎ ‎28. Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day?‎ A. To remember the birth of jazz.‎ B. To protect cultural diversity.‎ C. To encourage people to study music.‎ D. To recognize the value of jazz.‎ ‎29. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?‎ A. Jazz becoming more accessible.‎ B. The production of jazz growing faster.‎ C. Jazz being less popular with the young.‎ D. The jazz audience becoming larger. ‎ ‎30. What can we infer about Moran’s opinion on jazz?‎ A. It will disappear gradually.‎ B. It remains black and white.‎ C. It should keep up with the times.‎ D. It changes every 50 years.‎ ‎31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ A. Exploring the Future of Jazz B. The Rise and Fall of Jazz C. The Story of a Jazz Musician D. Celebrating the Jazz Day ‎【文章大意】为提高人们对于爵士乐的重视程度，UNESCO把4月30日定为国际爵士日，然而这一行为还是没能挽救爵士乐。Jason Moran认为时代在进步，为了将老一代人和年轻一代人连接起来，爵士乐也应该不断进步。‎ ‎29.C 推理判断题。根据前文Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations可知尽管UNESCO为爵士乐设了纪念日，但美国的爵士乐听众依然在减少，并且年龄在老化，爵士乐没能将年轻一代人连接起来。再结合It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that(是Jason Moran的工作是帮助改变那一情况)可推测that指代的是前文中爵士乐在年轻一代人中失去吸引力的现象。故选C。‎ ‎31.A 标题选择题。通读全文可知本文主要讲UNESCO为提高人们对爵士乐的重视而设立爵士日，但实际收效甚微。有人认为爵士乐应随着时代的进步而进步，否则它将失去对人们的吸引力，因此本文主要是探索爵士乐的未来，故选A。‎ Passage 2（2017·新课标卷II，C）‎ 话题 词数 难度 参考用时 正确率 ‎ Terrafugia公司研制出了飞车 ‎ 316‎ ‎★★★☆☆‎ ‎6分钟 ‎ Terrafugia Inc. said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year. The vehicle —named the Transition – has two seats, four wheels and wings that fold up so it can be driven like a car. The Transition, which flew at 1,400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the air. It flies using a 23-gallon tank of gas and burns 5 gallons per hour in the air. On the ground, it gets 35 miles per gallon.‎ Around 100 people have already put down a $10,000 deposit to get a Transition when they go on sale, and those numbers will likely rise after Terrafugia introduces the Transition to the public later this week at the New York Auto Show. But don’t expect it to show up in too many driveways. It’s expected to cost $279,000.And it won’t help if you’re stuck in traffic. The car needs a runway.‎ ‎ Inventors have been trying to make flying cars since the 1930s, according to Robert Mann, an airline industry expert. But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come closer than anyone to making the flying car a reality. The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly. The Transition is now going through crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards.‎ Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the Federal Aviation Administration’s decision five years ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraft, which are lower than those for pilots of larger planes. Terrafugia ‎ says an owner would need to pass a test and complete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition, a requirement pilots would find relatively easy to meet.‎ ‎28. What is the first paragraph mainly about?‎ ‎ A. The basic data of the Transition. ‎ ‎ B. The advantages of flying cars.‎ ‎ C. The potential market for flying cars. ‎ ‎ D. The designers of the Transition.‎ ‎29. Why is the Transition unlikely to show up in too many driveways?‎ ‎ A. It causers traffic jams. ‎ ‎ B. It is difficult to operate.‎ ‎ C. It is very expensive. ‎ ‎ D. It burns too much fuel.‎ ‎30. What is the government’s attitude to the development of the flying car?‎ ‎ A. Cautious B. Favorable.‎ ‎ C. Ambiguous. D. Disapproving.‎ ‎31. What is the best title for the text?‎ A. Flying Car at Auto Show ‎ B. The Transition’s First Flight C. Pilots’ Dream Coming True ‎ D. Flying Car Closer to Reality ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Terrafugia公司研制出了飞车，试飞成功，预计将于明年进行销售。本文主要对飞车的历史由来及其构架进行了介绍。‎ ‎29.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据“But don’t expect it to show up in too many driveways. It’s expected to cost ‎ ‎$279,000”可知，因为Transition 的价格较高，所以不太可能在太多的马路上出现。故选C。‎ ‎30.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据“he government has already permitted the company to use special materials to ‎ make it easier for the vehicle to fly”以及“Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the Federal Aviation Administration’s decision five years ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraf”可知，政府对于飞车的研发是比较支持的。故选B。‎ ‎31.D 【解析】标题归纳题。浏览全文，主要从飞车的试飞成功、飞车的构架以及多年以前人们对飞车的 设想至今成为现实展开说明。故选D。‎ Passage 3（2017·天津卷）‎ 话题 词数 难度 参考用时 正确率 ‎ 无人驾驶的自动化车 ‎ 348‎ ‎★★★☆☆‎ ‎8分钟 This month, Germany’s transport minister, Alexander Dobrindt, proposed the first set of rules for autonomous vehicles(自主驾驶车辆). They would define the driver’s role in such cars and govern how such cars perform in crashes where lives might be lost. ‎ The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles: the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future.‎ Dobrindt wants three things: that a car always chooses property(财产) damage over personal injury; that it never distinguishes between humans based on age or race; and that if a human removes his or her hands from the driving wheel — to check email, say — the car’s maker is responsible if there is a crash.‎ ‎“The change to the road traffic law will permit fully automatic driving,” says Dobrindt. It will put fully driverless cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers, he says.‎ Who is responsible for the operation of such vehicles is not clear among car makers, ‎ consumers and lawyers. “The liability(法律责任) issue is the biggest one of them all,” says Natasha Merat at the University of Leeds, UK.‎ An assumption behind UK insurance for driverless cars, introduced earlier this year, insists that a human “be watchful and monitoring the road” at every moment.‎ But that is not what many people have in mind when thinking of driverless cars. “When you say ‘driverless cars’, people expect driverless cars.” Merat says. “You know — no driver.”‎ Because of the confusion, Merat thinks some car makers will wait until vehicles can be fully automated without operation.‎ Driverless cars may end up being a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own, says Ryan Calo at Stanford University, California. That is happening in the UK and Singapore, where government-provided driverless vehicles are being launched.‎ That would go down poorly in the US, however. “The idea that the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here,” says Calo.‎ ‎46. What does the phrase “death valley” in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ ‎ A. A place where cars often break down.‎ ‎ B. A case where passing a law is impossible.‎ ‎ C. An area where no driving is permitted. ‎ ‎ D. A situation where drivers’ role is not clear.‎ ‎47. The proposal put forward by Dobrindt aims to __________.‎ ‎ A. stop people from breaking traffic rules ‎ B. help promote fully automatic driving ‎ C. protect drivers of all ages and races ‎ D. prevent serious property damage ‎48. What do consumers think of the operation of driverless cars?‎ ‎ A. It should get the attention of insurance companies.‎ ‎ B. It should be the main concern of law makers.‎ ‎ C. It should not cause deadly traffic accidents.‎ ‎ D. It should involve no human responsibility.‎ ‎49. Driverless vehicles in public transport see no bright future in _________.‎ ‎ A. Singapore B. the UK ‎ ‎ C. the US D. Germany ‎50. What could be the best title for the passage?‎ ‎ A. Autonomous Driving: Whose Liability?‎ ‎ B. Fully Automatic Cars: A New Breakthrough ‎ C. Autonomous Vehicles: Driver Removed!‎ ‎ D. Driverless Cars: Root of Road Accidents ‎【文章大意】这是一篇新闻报道。文章记叙了德国交通部长的对于自主驾驶车辆的规章制度的一个提议，引出说明了位于科技前沿的无人驾驶的自动化车辆在英国、新加坡和美国的不同前景。‎ ‎47. B 【解析】根据第二段内容The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles…可知选B。‎ ‎48.D 【解析】根据第六、七、八段内容可知选D。‎ ‎50. A 【解析】通读全文可以知道，本文主要讲述了谁来对无人驾驶的机动车辆负责。故选A。‎ Passage 4（2017·浙江卷 ）‎ 话题 词数 难度 参考用时 正确率 ‎ 美国绘画之父Benjamin在决定要成为一名画家之前的经历 ‎ 332 ‎ ‎★★★☆☆‎ ‎7分钟 ‎ Benjamin West, the father of American painting, showed his talent for art when he was only six years of age. But he did not know about brushes before a visitor told him he needed one. In those days, a brush was made from camel’s hair. There were no camels nearby. Benjamin decided that cat hair would work instead. He cut some fur from the family cat to make a brush.‎ The brush did not last long. Soon Benjamin needed more fur. Before long, the cat began to look ragged （蓬乱）. His father said that the cat must be sick. Benjamin was forced to admit what he had been doing.‎ The cat’s lot was about to improve. That year, one of Benjamin’s cousins, Mr. Pennington, came to visit. He was impressed with Benjamin’s drawings. When he went home, he sent Benjamin a box of paint and some brushes. He also sent six engravings（版画） by an artist. These were the first pictures and first real paint and brushes Benjamin had ever seen. In 1747, when Benjamin was nine years old, Mr. Pennington returned for another visit. He was amazed at what Benjamin had done with his gift. He asked Benjamin’s parents if he might take the boy to Philadelphia for a visit.‎ In the city, Mr. Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings. The boy began a landscape(风景) painting. William Williams, a well-known painter, came to see him work. Williams was impressed with Benjamin and gave him two classic books on painting to take home. The books were long and dull. Benjamin could read only a little, having been a poor ‎ student. But he later said,＂Those two books were my companions by day, and under my pillow at night.＂While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist.‎ ‎21. What is the text mainly about?‎ A. Benjamin’s visit to Philadelphia.‎ B. Williams’ influence on Benjamin.‎ C. The beginning of Benjamin’s life as an artist.‎ D. The friendship between Benjamin and Pennington.‎ ‎22. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 suggest?‎ A. The cat would be closely watched.‎ B. The cat would get some medical care.‎ C. Benjamin would leave his home shortly.‎ D. Benjamin would have real brushes soon.‎ ‎23. What did Pennington do to help Benjamin develop his talent?‎ A. He took him to see painting exhibitions.‎ B. He provided him with painting materials.‎ C. He sent him to a school in Philadelphia.‎ D. He taught him how to make engravings.‎ ‎24. Williams’ two books helped Benjamin to ________.‎ A. master the use of paints B. appreciate landscape paintings C. get to know other painters D. make up his mind to be a painter ‎【文章大意】本文属于记叙文，主要讲了美国绘画之父Benjamin在决定要成为一名画家之前的经历。‎ ‎21.C 【解析】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了美国绘画之父Benjamin在成为一名画家之前的生活经历，并介绍了Pennington对Benjamin在绘画道路上的一些帮助，故选C。‎ ‎23.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段＂Mr. Pennington gave Benjamin materials for creating oil paintings＂可知Pennington为了帮助Benjamin培养绘画天赋，给他提供了一些绘画材料，故选B。‎ ‎24.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段＂While it is likely that he understood very little of the books, they were his introduction to classical paintings. The nine-year-old boy decided then that he would be an artist＂可知：这两本书帮助Benjamin坚定了自己成为一名画家的决心，故选D。‎ 题组二 ‎ Passage1(2016·全国新课标卷II)‎ 话题 词数 难度 参考用时 正确率 ‎ 沉默在不同文化里所代表的含义 ‎ 326‎ ‎★★★☆☆‎ ‎6分钟 ‎ The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙)with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person’s needs.‎ ‎ Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what may be implied(暗示)is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.‎ ‎ Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.‎ ‎ Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.‎ ‎32.What does the author say about silence in conversations?‎ ‎ A.It implies anger. ‎ ‎ B.It promotes friendship.‎ ‎ C.It is culture-specific. ‎ ‎ D.It is content-based.‎ ‎33.Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?‎ ‎ A.The Chinese. B.The French. ‎ ‎ C.The Mexicans. D.The Russians.‎ ‎34.What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?‎ ‎ A.Let it continue as the patient pleases.‎ ‎ B.Break it while treating patients.‎ ‎ C.Evaluate its harm to patients.‎ ‎ D.Make use of its healing effects.‎ ‎35.What may be the best title for the text?‎ ‎ A.Sound and Silence ‎ ‎ B.What It Means to Be Silent ‎ C.Silence to Native Americans ‎ D.Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold ‎ 【语篇解读】文章简单介绍了沉默在不同文化里所代表的含义以及沉默的治疗价值等内容。‎ ‎32. C【解析】考查推理判断。根据第一段第三句＂A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, uneasiness, or worry＂(某一谈话中的沉默可能也表示倔强、不安或者担忧)可知,silence in conversations 具有文化特异性。故选C。‎ ‎34. D【解析】考查细节理解。根据最后一段,尤其是最后一句＂A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures＂ 可知, 护士应该充分利用沉默的治愈价值。故选D。‎ ‎35. B【解析】考查主旨大意。通读全文可知,文章介绍了沉默在不同文化里所代表的含义,故选B。文章未谈 及Sound,所以A项不对;文章虽谈到了Silence to Native Americans,但这不是文章的中心内容,故排除C ‎ 项; 文章未涉及Speech Is Silver的内容,所以D项也不对。‎ Passage 2(2016·新课标全国卷II))‎ 话题 词数 难度 参考用时 正确率 ‎ 分享图书活动 ‎ 249‎ ‎★★★☆☆‎ ‎5分钟 Reading can be a social activity. Think of the people who belong to book groups. They choose books to read and then meet to discuss them. Now, the website BookCrossing.com turns the page on the traditional idea of a book group.‎ Members go on the site and register the books they own and would like to share. BookCrossing provides an identification number to stick inside the book. Then the person leaves it in a public place, hoping that the book will have an adventure, traveling far and wide with each new reader who finds it.‎ ‎ Bruce Pederson, the managing director of BookCrossing, says, “The two things that change your life are the people you meet and books you read. BookCrossing combines both.”‎ ‎ Members leave books on park benches and buses, in train stations and coffee shops. Whoever finds their book will go to the site and record where they found it.‎ ‎ People who find a book can also leave a journal entry describing what they thought of it. E-mails are then sent to the BookCrossers to keep them updated about where their books have been found. Bruce Pederson says the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home. ‎ ‎ BookCrossing is part of a trend among people who want to get back to the “real” and not the virtual(虚拟). The site now has more than one million members in more than one hundred thirty-five countries.‎ ‎29. Why does the author mention book groups in the first paragraph?‎ ‎ A. To explain what they are. ‎ B. To introduce BookCrossing.‎ C. To stress the importance of reading. ‎ D. To encourage readers to share their ideas.‎ ‎30. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ ‎ A. The book. ‎ ‎ B. An adventure. ‎ C. A public place. ‎ D. The identification number.‎ ‎31. What will a BookCrosser do with a book after reading it?‎ A. Meet other readers to discuss it. ‎ B. Keep it safe in his bookcase. ‎ C. Pass it on to another reader. ‎ D. Mail it back to its owner.‎ ‎32. What is the best title for the text?‎ A. Online Reading: A Virtual Tour B. Electronic Books: A new Trend ‎ C. A Book Group Brings Tradition Back D. A Website Links People through Books ‎【文章大意】本文属于说明文，介绍了BookCrossing.com所进行的分享图书活动的目的以及具体过程。‎ ‎29.B 目的意图题。作者在第一段中提出读书也是一种社交活动，那些参加读书小组的人经常在一起阅读讨论所读内容，增强相互之间的理解。接着在最后一句提出BookCrossing.com,说明作者提到读书小组的目的正是为了介绍网站BookCrossing.com。故B正确。‎ ‎31.C 推理判断题。根据文章第五段最后一句“... the idea is for people not to be selfish by keeping a book to gather dust on a shelf at home”可知，让书蒙上尘土是一种很自私的行为，网站BookCrossing.com的目的正是鼓励人们与别人分享图书，所以拿到书的人最可能继续把书传递下去。故C项正确。‎ ‎32.D 标题概括题。根据文章第三段可知BookCrossing.com把改变人生的两种事物：遇到的人和读过的书联系在一起。D项内容能够涵盖文章的中心思想。‎ Passage 3(2016·四川卷)‎ 话题 词数 难度 参考用时 正确率 ‎ night milk ‎ 248‎ ‎★★★★☆‎ ‎6分钟 ‎ A warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those wanting a good night’s sleep. But now a study has found it really does help people nod off — if it is milked from a cow at night.‎ ‎ Researchers have discovered that ＂night milk＂ contains more melatonin (褪黑激素),which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and reduce anxiety.‎ ‎ The study,by researchers from Seoul, South Korea, involved mice being fed with dried milk ‎ powder made from cows milked both during the day and at night.‎ ‎ Those given night milk, which contained 10 times the amount of melatonin, were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk collected during daytime, according to the study published in The Journal of Medicinal Food.‎ ‎ Night milk quickened the start of sleep and caused the mice to sleep longer.‎ ‎ While the effect of cows milk harvested at different time has not been tested on humans up to now, taking melatonin drugs has been suggested to those who are struggling to fall asleep at night.‎ ‎ Previous studies have also indicated that milk can be excellent for helping sleep because of the calcium content, which helps people to relax.‎ ‎ Milk is also sugar-free and additive-free with nutritionists recommending skimmed milk as the best choice before bed as it is the least fattening. The more fat you take in before bedtime, the greater burden you will put on your body at night.‎ ‎32.According to the text, the mice fed with daytime milk_______.‎ ‎ A.started sleep more easily ‎ ‎ B.were more anxious ‎ C.were less active ‎ ‎ D.woke up later ‎33.Which of the following is true of melatonin according to the text?‎ ‎ A.It’s been tested on mice for ten times.‎ ‎ B.It can make people more energetic.‎ ‎ C.It exists in milk in great amount.‎ ‎ D.It’s used in sleeping drugs.‎ ‎34.What can be a suitable title for the text?‎ ‎ A.Night Milk and Sleep ‎ ‎ B.Fat, Sugar and Health ‎ C.An Experiment on Mice ‎ ‎ D.Milk Drinking and Health ‎35.How does the author support the theme of the text?‎ ‎ A.By giving examples. ‎ ‎ B.By stating arguments.‎ ‎ C.By explaining statistical data. ‎ ‎ D.By providing research results.‎ ‎ 【语篇解读】这是一篇研究报告。文章指出在夜间取自奶牛的牛奶＂night milk＂ 含有大量的褪黑激素,能帮助人们入睡,减少焦虑。 ‎ ‎32．B【解析】考查细节理解。根据第四段中的＂Those given night milk, which contained 10 times the amount of melatonin, were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk collected during daytime＂可知, 饮用在白天取自奶牛的牛奶的老鼠更焦虑。所以B项正确。‎ ‎34．A【解析】考查主旨要义。根据第一段中的＂But now a study has found it really does help people nod off — if it is milked from a cow at night＂、第二段以及第五段内容可知,全文围绕＂Night Milk and Sleep＂展开, 告诉读者饮用在晚上取自奶牛的牛奶有助于睡眠。所以A项正确。‎ ‎35．D【解析】考查推理判断。通读全文可知,文中作者通过提供研究结果来支持文章的主题。所以D项正确。‎ Passage 4(2016·浙江卷)‎ 话题 词数 难度 参考用时 正确率 ‎ 母亲对孩子不寻常的教育方法 ‎ ‎ ‎★★★★☆‎ ‎7分钟 Two things changed my life: my mother and a white plastic bike basket. I have thought long and hard about it and it’s true. I would be a different person if my mom hadn’t turned a silly bicycle accessory into a life lesson I carry with me today.‎ My mother and father were united in their way of raising children, but it mostly fell to my mother to actually carry it out. Looking back, I honestly don’t know how she did it. Managing the family budget must have been a very hard task, but she made it look effortless. If we complained about not having what another kid did, we’d hear something like, “I don’t care what so-and-so got for his birthday, you are not getting a TV in your room/a car for your birthday/a lavish sweet-16 party.” We had to earn our allowance (零用钱) by doing chores around the house. I can still remember how long it took to polish the legs of our coffee table. My brothers can no doubt remember hours spent cleaning the house. Like the two little girls growing up at the White House, we made our own beds (no one left the house until that was done) and picked up after ourselves. We had to keep track of our belongings, and if something was lost, it was not replaced.‎ ‎ It was summer and, one day, my mother drove me to the bike shop to get a tire fixed—and there it was in the window. White, shiny, plastic and decorated with flowers, the basket winked at me and I knew—I knew—I had to have it.‎ ‎ “It’s beautiful,” my mother said when I pointed it out to her, “What a neat basket.”‎ I tried to hold off at first, I played it cool for a short while. But then I guess I couldn’t stand it any longer: “Mom, please can I please, please get it? I’ll do extra chores for as long as you say. I’ll do anything, but I need that basket, I love that basket. Please, Mom. Please?”‎ ‎ I was desperate.‎ ‎“You know,” she said, gently rubbing my back while we both stared at what I believed was ‎ the coolest thing ever, “If you save up you could buy this yourself.”‎ ‎“By the time I make enough it’ll be gone!”‎ ‎“Maybe Roger here could hold it for you,” she smiled at Roger, the bike guy.‎ ‎“He can’t hold it for that long, Mom. Someone else will buy it .Please, Mom, Please?”‎ ‎“There might be another way,” she said.‎ And so our paying plan unfolded. My mother bought the beautiful basket and put it safely in some hiding place I couldn’t find. Each week I eagerly counted my growing savings increased by extra work here and there (washing the car, helping my mother make dinner, delivering or collecting things on my bike that already looked naked without the basket in front).And then, weeks later, I counted, re-counted and jumped for joy. Oh, happy day ! I made it! I finally had the exact amount we’d agreed upon….‎ Days later the unthinkable happened. A neighborhood girl I’d played with millions of times appeared with the exact same basket fixed to her shiny, new bike that already had all the bells and whistles. I rode hard and fast home to tell my mother about this disaster. This horrible turn of events.‎ And then came the lesson I’ve taken with me through my life: “Honey, Your basket is extra-special,” Mom said, gently wiping away my hot tears. “Your basket is special because you paid for it yourself.”‎ ‎55. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?‎ A. The children enjoyed doing housework.‎ B. The author came from a well-off family. ‎ C. The mother raised her children in an unusual way.‎ D. The children were fond of the US president’s daughters.‎ ‎56. When the author saw the basket in the window, she .‎ A. fell in love with it B. stared at her mother C. recognized it at once D. went up to the bike guy ‎57. Why did the author say many “pleases” to her mother?‎ A. She longed to do extra work. ‎ B. She was eager to have the basket.‎ C. She felt tired after standing too long. ‎ ‎ D. She wanted to be polite to her mother.‎ ‎58. By using “naked” (Paragraph 12), the author seems to stress that the basket was .‎ A. something she could afford B. something important to her C. something impossible to get D. something she could do without ‎59. To the author, it seemed to be a horrible turn of events that .‎ A. something spoiled her paying plan B. the basket cost more than she had saved C. a neighborhood girl had bought a new bike D. someone else had got a basket of the same kind ‎60. What is the life lesson the author learned from her mother?‎ A. Save money for a rainy day. B. Good advice is beyond all price.‎ C. Earn your bread with your sweat. D. God helps those who help themselves.‎ ‎【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文。作者回忆自己母亲对孩子不寻常的教育方法。通过一个自行车篮子的事情，母亲教会作者什么事情都要自力更生，通过自己努力得到的东西才是最珍贵的。‎ ‎56.A 【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三段的 “and there it was in the window. White, shiny, plastic and decorated with flowers, the basket winked at me and I knew—I knew—I had to have it.” 可知，当作者在橱窗里面看见这个篮子时就喜欢上了它。故选A。‎ ‎57.B 【解析】考查推理判断。根据第五段的 “I tried to hold off at first, I played it cool for a short while. But then I guess I couldn’t stand it any longer” 可知，作者说了很多“pleases”，是因为她渴望拥有这个篮子。故选B。‎ ‎59.D 【解析】考查推理判断。根据第十三段的 “A neighborhood girl I’d played with millions of times appeared with the exact same basket fixed to her shiny, new bike that already had all the bells and whistles.” 可知作者认为其他人有和她相同的篮子是一个灾难。故选D。‎ ‎60.C 【解析】考查主旨大意。根据文章内容可知，作者的妈妈教育作者要通过自己的努力获得想要的东西，也就是Earn your bread with your sweat。故选C。‎