湖南平江县 2017 高考英语一轮阅读理解训练

湖南平江县 2017 高考英语一轮阅读理解训练

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 湖南平江县 2017 高考英语一轮阅读理解训练 阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中, 选出最佳选项。 【2014·山东省潍坊市高考模拟考试】 Success is often measured by the ability to overcome adversity.But，it is often the belief of others that gives us the courage to try. J．K.Rowling，author of the Harry Potter book series，began writing at the age of 6.In her biography，she remembers with great fondness when her good friend Sean，whom she met in secondary school，became the first person to encourage her and help build the confidence that one day she would be a very good writer. “He was the first person with whom I really discussed my serious ambition to be a writer.He was also the only person who thought I was bound to be a success at it，which meant much more to me than I ever told him at the time.” Despite many setbacks，Rowling persevered in her writing，particularly fantasy stories.But it wasn’t until 1990 that she first conceived the idea about Harry Potter.As she recalls，it was on a long train journey from London to Manchester that the idea of Harry Potter simply fell into her head.“To my immense frustration (沮丧)，I didn’t have a functioning pen with me，and I was too shy to ask anybody if I could borrow one.I think，now，that this was probably a good thing，because I simply sat and thought，for four (delayed train) hours，and all the details bubbled up in my brain，and this scrawny，blackhaired，bespectacled (戴眼镜的) boy who didn’t know he was a wizard became more and more real to me.” That same year，her mother passed away after a tenyear battle with multiple sclerosis， which deeply affected her writing.She went on to marry and had a daughter，but separated from her husband shortly afterwards. During this time，Rowling was diagnosed with clinical depression.Unemployed，she completed her first novel in area cafes，where she could get her daughter to fall asleep.After being rejected by 12 publishing houses，the first Harry Potter novel was sold to a small British publishing house. Now with seven books that have sold nearly 400 million copies in 64 languages，J.K.Rowling is the highest earning novelist in history.And it all began with her commitment to writing that was fostered by the confidence of a friend! 1．Who believed J．K.Rowling was to be a good writer? A．Her friend Sean. B．Her mother. C．Her daughter. D．Her husband. 2．Rowling first came up with the idea about Harry Potter________. A．at the age of 6 B．on a train journey C．after her mother’s death D．in her secondary school 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 3．She felt frustrated on the train because________. A．her train was delayed for four hours B．she didn’t have a pen with her C．her mind suddenly went blank D．no one would offer her help 4．It can be concluded from Paragraph 5 and 6 that Rowling is________. A．openminded B．warmhearted C．goodnatured D．strongwilled 5．The text mainly tells us________. A．hardship makes a good novelist B．the courage to try is a special ability C．you can have a wonderful idea everywhere D．encouragement contributes to one’s success 语篇解读 文章主要介绍 J.K.Rowling 在好朋友 Sean 的鼓励下，成功创作了《哈利·波特》系列小说。 1．解析： 细节理解题。根据第二、三段可知，Rowling 的好朋友 Sean 鼓励并相信她能成为一名优秀 的作家。 答案： A 2．解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段的第三句“As she recalls，it was on a long train journey from London to Manchester that the idea of Harry Potter simply fell into her head.”可知答案 为 B。 答案： B 3．解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段第四句中的“To my immense frustration (沮丧) I didn’t have a functioning pen with me”可知 B 项正确。 答案： B 4．解析： 推理判断题。第五段讲的是 J.K.Rowling 经历了母亲去世和丈夫离婚的打击，第六段讲的 是她患上了抑郁症，失业，照顾孩子以及被出版商拒绝 12 次，从这些叙述中可以看出她意志坚强。 答案： D 5．解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章的首段和最后一段可知，本文主要讲的是鼓励可 以促使他人取得成功，故 D 项正确。 答案： D。 阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。 “Opinion” is a word that is used carelessly today. It is used to refer to matters of taste, 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 belief, and judgment. This inaccurate use would probably cause little confusion if people didn’t attach too much importance to opinion. Unfortunately, most attach great importance to it. “I have as much right to my opinion as you to yours,’’ and ‘‘Everyone’s entitled to his opinion,’’ are common expressions. In fact, anyone who would challenge another’s opinion is likely to be branded intolerant. Is that label accurate? Is it intolerant to challenge another’s opinion? It depends on what definition of opinion you have in mind. For example, you may ask a friend ‘‘What do you think of the new Ford cars?” And he may reply, “In my opinion, they’re ugly.” In this case, it would not only be intolerant to challenge his statement, but foolish. For it’s obvious that by opinion he means his personal preference, a matter of taste. And as the old saying goes, ‘‘It’s pointless to argue about matters of taste. But consider this very different use of the term. A newspaper reports that the Supreme Court has delivered its opinion in a controversial(有争议的) case. Obviously the justices did not share their personal preferences, their mere likes and dislikes. They stated their considered judgment, painstakingly arrived at after thorough inquiry and deliberation(审议). Most of what is referred to as opinion falls somewhere between these two extremes. It is not an expression of taste. Nor is it careful judgment. Yet it may contain elements of both. It is a view or belief more or less inaccurately arrived at, with or without examining the evidence. Is everyone entitled to his opinion? Of course, this is not only permitted, but guaranteed. We are free to act on our opinions only so long as, in doing so, we do not harm others. 8. Which of the following statements is TRUE, according to the author? A. Everyone has a right to hold his own opinion. B. Free expression of opinions always leads to confusion. C. Most people tend to be careless in forming their opinions. D. Casual use of the word “opinion” often brings about quarrels. 9. According to the author, who of the following would be labeled as intolerant? A. Someone who turns a deaf ear to others’ opinions. B. Someone who can’t put up with others’ tastes. C. Someone who values only their own opinions. D. Someone whose opinion harms other people. 10. The new Ford cars are cited as an example to show that ________. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 A. it is foolish to criticize a famous brand B. one should not always agree to others’ opinions C. personal tastes are not something to be challenged D. it is unwise to express one’s likes and dislikes in public 11. Considered judgment is different from personal preference in that ________. A. it is stated by judges in the court B. it reflects public like and dislikes C. it is a result of a lot of controversy D. it is based on careful thought 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Tired of all the pushing in supermarkets? Fed up with waiting in endless lines to pay for what you have bought? Angry at wasting time in traffic jams only to find no parking spaces when you eventually arrive at the store? If this is you, then online shopping is the answer to your dreams of trouble-free shopping. Or is it? Online shopping brings its own challenges. Here are a few things to bear in mind when browsing (浏览) various websites. The claim made by online sites is that shopping online is a safe and secure way to make purchases. The evidence challenges this. In any case, you only have to be the victim of fraud (诈骗) once to experience all the problems that come with this form of stealing. Use only sites that have a trusted history and an excellent reputation. Another problem is the appearance of items in reality is often quite different from what you see on your computer screen. This might not be a problem if you are buying washing up powder but could be a major disappointment when that beautiful blue dress you ordered turns up in green. Also, product descriptions are sometimes simply untrue. Perhaps the wisest plan is to purchase items where design and color are not essential to customer satisfaction. Some even argue that online shopping indirectly contributes to global warming. Yes, your car can stay parked but how are online goods delivered? Often by some large vans pouring out carbon monoxide and adding to our already desperate traffic problems. You are also by now becoming increasingly irritated (使烦恼) by the fact that the delivery is late and you have wasted the leave from work 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 you have taken to receive it! Without question, online shopping is here to stay and it has its benefits. However, perhaps it is not as wonderful as some of its supporters claim it to be. 36. The author lists several questions in Para. 1 to . A. support online shopping B. collect answers from readers C. show his dislike of going shopping D. introduce the topic of the passage 【答案】D 【解析】推理判断题。根据用这些问题导入本段的主题，故选 D。 37. By what can online shoppers avoid fraud? A. Using only trusted websites. B. Choosing big websites. C. Collecting shopping evidence. D. Seeking advice from the police. 【答案】A 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的句子：Use only sites that have a trusted history and an excellent reputation(名声).可知是使用值得信任的网站。故选 A。 38. What can we learn about online shopping from Para. 3? A. It’s normal for a blue dress to change into green. B. We shouldn't believe product descriptions easily. C. It’s usually wise for us to buy colorful products. D. Product appearances are sometimes not good. 【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。根据 Another problem is that the appearance of items in reality is often quite different from what you see on your computer screen.可知不要相信产品描述。选 B。 39. The author agrees with the fact that ______. A. customers are never satisfied with products B. online shopping is a safe way to make purchases C. online shopping has nothing to do with global warming D. delivery delay often makes online shoppers unhappy 【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。根据 You are also by now becoming increasingly irritated(使烦恼) by the fact that the delivery is late !可知是顾客对送货迟了是很生气的。故选 D。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 40. What is the author’s attitude towards online shopping? A. Very popular. B. A wise choice. C. Not trouble free. D. A waste of time. 【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题。根据从最后一段可知网购是一个不是没有麻烦的，故选 C。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 One of our biggest fears nowadays is that our kids might some day get lost in a “sea of technology” rather than experiencing the natural world. TV and computer games are leading to a serious disconnect between kids and the great outdoors, which will change the wild places of the world, its creatures and human health for the worse, unless adults get working on child's play. Each of us has a place in nature we go sometimes, even if it was torn down. We cannot be the last generation to have that place. At this rate, kids who miss the sense of wondering outdoors will not grow up to be protectors of natural landscapes. “If the decline in parks use continues across North America, who will defend parks against encroachment (蚕食)?” asks Richard Louv, author of Last Child in the Woods. Without having a nature experience, kids, can turn out just fine, but they are missing out a huge enrichment of their lives. That applies to everything from their physical health and mental health, to stress levels, creativity and cognitive (认知的) skills. Experts predict modern kids will have poorer health than their parents—and they say a lack of outside play is surely part of it. Research suggests that kids do better academically in schools with a nature component and that playing in nature fosters (培养) leadership by the smartest, not by the toughest. Even a tiny outdoor experience can create wonder in a child. The three-year-old turning over his first rock realizes he is not alone in the world. A clump of trees on the roadside can be the whole universe in his eyes. We really need to value that more. Kids are not to blame. They are overprotected and frightened. It is dangerous out there from time to time, but repetitive stress from computers is replacing breaking an arm as a childhood rite of passage (仪式). Everyone, from developers to schools and outdoorsy citizens, should help regain for our kids some of the freedom and joy of exploring, taking friendship in fields and woods that cement (增强) love, respect and need for landscape. As parents, we should devote some of our energies to taking our kids into nature. This could yet be our greatest cause. 41. The main idea of Paragraph 2 is that ________. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 A. kids missing the sense of wondering outdoors B. parks are in danger of being gradually encroached C. Richard Louv is the author of Last Child in the Woods D. children are expected to develop into protectors of nature 【答案】D 【解析】细节理解题。根据由于科学技术的进步有些孩子在家玩电脑看电视很少出去接近大自然，不知道 要保护大自然，所以本段的大意是孩子被盼望发展成大自然的保护着，故选 D。 42. According to the passage, children without experiencing nature will ________. A. keep a high sense of wonder B. be overprotected by their parents C. be less healthy both physically and mentally D. change wild places and creatures for the better 【答案】C 【解析】细节理解题。根据 Without having a nature experience, kids, can turn out just fine, but they are missing out a huge enrichment of their lives. That applies to everything from their physical health and mental health, to stress levels, creativity and cognitive (认知的) skills. 没有经历大自然体验的人在身体和精神方面都不是很健康，故选 C。 43. According to the author, children's breaking an arm is ________. A. the fault on the part of their parents B. the natural experience in their growing up C. the result of their own carelessness in play D. the effect of their repetitive stress from computers 【答案】B 【解析】细节理解题。根据 repetitive stress from computers is replacing breaking an arm as a childhood rite of passage (仪式).孩子们断一个胳膊就是他们在成长中的自然的经历，故选 B。 44. What does “sea of technology” mean in the first paragraph? A. The technology of TV and computer games. B. The technology of food. C. The technology of sea food. D. The technology of catching animals in the sea. 【答案】A 【解析】词义猜测题。根据 TV and computer games are leading to a serious disconnect between kids and the great outdoors,可以推知这里指的是电视和电脑，故选 A。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 8 45. In writing this passage, the author mainly intends to ________. A. blame children for getting lost in computer games B. encourage children to protect parks from encroachment C. show his concern about children's lack of experience in nature D. inspire children to keep the sense of wonder about things around 【答案】C 【解析】作者意图题。根据由于科技的影响孩子去户外的时间减少，缺乏对大自然的体验，同时展示了作 者对于孩子们的关心，故选 C。 阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中，选出最佳选项。 A friend of mine, in response to a conversation we were having about the injustices of life, asked me the question, “Who said life was going to be fair, or that it was even meant to be fair?” Her question was a good one. It reminded me of something I was taught as a youngster: Life isn’t fair. It’s disappointing, but it’s absolutely true. One of the mistakes many of us make is that we feel sorry for ourselves, or for others, thinking that life should be fair, or that someday it will be. It’s not and it won’t. One of the nice things about surrendering(屈从) to the fact that life isn’t fair is that it keeps us from feeling sorry for ourselves by encouraging us to do the very best we can with what we have. We know it’s not “life’s job” to make everything perfect, it’s our own challenge. Surrendering to this fact also keeps us from feeling sorry for others because we are reminded that everyone is dealt a different hand; everyone has unique strengths and problems in the process of growing up, facing the reality and making decisions; and everyone has those times that they feel victimized or unfairly treated. The fact that life isn’t fair doesn’t mean we shouldn’t do everything in our power to improve our own lives or the world as a whole. To the contrary, it suggests that we should. When we don’t recognize or admit that life isn’t fair, we tend to feel pity for others and for ourselves. Pity, of course, is a self-defeating emotion that does nothing for anyone, except to make everyone feel worse than they already do. When we do recognize that life isn’t fair, however, we feel compassion(热情) for others and for ourselves. And compassion is a heartfelt emotion that delivers 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 9 loving-kindness to everyone it touches. The next time you find yourself thinking about the injustices of the world, try reminding yourself of this very basic fact. You may be surprised that it can persuade you out of self-pity and into helpful action. 12. The writer thought of his friend’s question as a good one because _______. A. he also wanted to know who held such an opinion B. it made him recall something during his childhood C. like his friend, he also thought life was unfair D. he learned something from the question as a youngster 13. Surrendering to the fact that life isn’t fair will ________. A. keep us from making everything perfect B. keep us from doing everything in our power C. make us face unfair treatment bravely D. make us know it’s our duty to perfect things 14. The second paragraph of the passage mainly tells us that ________. A. it’s nice to accept the injustice of life B. it’s nice to surrender to the life C. we should not surrender to the life D. we should not feel sorry for everything 15. In the last paragraph, “this very basic fact” refers to the fact that _______. A. you should not pity for others B. life isn’t and won’t be fair C. compassion is heartfelt emotion D. pity is a self-defeating emotion